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1、J IS JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Building components and building elements-Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance- Calculation method IC$ 27.220; 91.120.10 Reference number : JIS A 2101 : 2003 (E) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 18 S Copyright
2、 Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A 2101 : 2003 Foreword This translation has been made based on the
3、original Japanese Industrial Standard established by the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, as the result of proposal for revision of Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ)
4、/the Japanese Standards Association (JSA) with the draft being attached, based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standard- ization Law applicable to the case of revision by the provision of Article 14. This Standard has been made based on IS0 6946 : 1996 Building com- ponents
5、 and building elements-Thermal resistance and thermal trans- mittance-Calculation method for the purposes of making it easy to compare this Standard with International Standard; to prepare Japanese Industrial Standard conforming with International Standard; and to propose a draft of International St
6、andard which is based on Japanese Industrial Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to
7、the public which have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after ope
8、ning to the public which have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 2003-03-19 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2003-03-19 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Standards Board Technical Committee on Architecture JIS A 2101 :2003, First English edition pu
9、blished in 2003-10 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event o f any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA 2003 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part
10、of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in Japan PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under lice
11、nse with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- A 2101 : 2003 Contents Page Introduction . 1 2 3 3.1 3.2 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 7 Scope Normative references Definitio
12、ns and symbols . Definitions . Symbols and units . Principles Thermal resistances Thermal resistance of homogeneous layers Surface resistances Thermal resistance of air layers . Thermal resistance of unheated spaces . Total thermal resistance Total thermal resistance of a building component consisti
13、ng of Total thermal resistance of a building component consisting of homogeneous and heterogeneous layers homogeneous layers . Thermal transmittance . Annex A (normative) Surface resistance Annex B (normative) Thermal resistance of unventilated airspaces Annex C (normative) Calculation of the therma
14、l transmittance of components with tapered layers . Annex D (informative) Corrections to thermal transmittance Annex E (informative) Examples of corrections for air gaps Annex 1 (informative) Comparison table between JIS and corresponding International Standard . 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 7 a 8 8 11 12
15、14 16 19 22 25 PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL
16、STANDARD JIS A 2101 : 2003 Building components and building elements-Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance- Calculation method Introduction The thermal transmittance calculated according to this Standard is suitable for determining heat flow through building components that are within the sco
17、pe of this Standard. This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the first edition of IS0 6946 Building components and building elements-Thermal resistance and thermal transmittance-Calculation method published in 1996 and Draft Amendment 1 (1999) modifying the technical contents. F
18、or the amendment, it is combined by ed- iting. In addition, the portions with dotted underlines in this Standard are matters which are specified by altering the original International Standard. A list of modifications with their explanation is shown in Annex 1. 1 Scope This Standard specifies the me
19、thod of calculation of the thermal resis- tance and thermal transmittance of building components and building elements, excluding doors, windows and other glazed units, components which involve heat transfer to the ground, and components through which air is designed to permeate. The calculation met
20、hod is based on the appropriate design thermal conductivi- ties or design thermal resistances of the materials and products involved. The method applies to components and elements consisting of thermally homoge- neous layers (which can include air layers). This Standard also gives an approxi- mate m
21、ethod that can be used for heterogeneous layers, except cases where an insulating layer is bridged by metal. Remarks : The International Standard corresponding to this Standard is as fol- lows. In addition, symbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the contents between the relevant Intern
22、ational Standard and JIS are IDT (identical), MOD (modified), and NEQ (not equivalent) ac- cording to ISODEC Guide 21. IS0 6946 : 1996 Building components and building elements-Ther- mal resistance and thermal transmittance-Calcu- lation method (MOD) 2 Normative references The following standards co
23、ntain provisions which, through reference in this Standard, constitute provisions of this Standard. If the indication of the year of publication is given to these referred standards, only the edition of indicated year constitutes the provision of this Standard but the revision and amend- ment made t
24、hereafter are not applied. The normative references without the indi- cation of the year of corning into effect apply limiting only to the most recent edition (including amendments l. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS E
25、mployees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 A 2101 : 2003 JIS A 0202 Thermal insulation-Vocabulary Remarks : IS0 7345 : 1987 Thermal insulation-Physical quantities and defi- nitions is equivale
26、nt to the said standard. IS0 10456 : 1999 Building materials and products-Procedures for determining declared and design thermal values IS0 13789 : 1999 Thermal performance of buildings-Transmission heat loss co- efficient-Calculation method IS0 13370 : 1998 Thermal performance of buildings-Heat tra
27、nsfer via the ground-Calculation methods IS0 10211-1 : 1995 Thermal bridges in building construction-Heat flows and surface temperatures-Part 1 : General calculation methods 3 Definitions and symbols 3.1 those given in JIS A 0202 apply. Definitions For the purposes of this Standard, the following de
28、finitions and 3.1.1 building element Major part of a building such as a wall, floor or roof. 3.1.2 building component Building element or a part of it. Remarks : In this Standard the word “component” is used to indicate both el- ement and component. 3.1.3 design thermal value sistance. Design therma
29、l conductivity or design thermal re- Remarks : A given product can have more than one design value, for different applications or environmental conditions. 3.1.4 design thermal conductivity Value of thermal conductivity of a building material or product under specific external and internal condition
30、s which can be con- sidered as typical of the performance of that material or product when incorporated in a building component. 3.1.5 design thermal resistance Value of thermal resistance of a building product under specific external and internal conditions which can be considered as typical of the
31、 performance of that product when incorporated in a building component. 3.1.6 thermally homogeneous layer Layer of constant thickness having ther- mal properties which are uniform or which may be regarded as being uniform. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by I
32、HS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 3 A 2101 : 2003 R R g 3.2 Symbols and units design thermal resistance m2.KIW thermal resistance of airspace m2 K
33、/W I Symbol I Qu an ti ty I Unit R, Rsi RT I m2 I area external surface resistance internal surface resistance total thermal resistance (environment to environment) m2 KIW m2 KIW m2 KIW m2 KI W - I - - m2 KIW _ R”T R U lower limit of total thermal resistance thermal resistance of unheated space U d
34、I RT I upper limit of total thermal resistance I m2-K/W thermal transmittance W/(m2 K) thickness m 1 h heat transfer coefficient I 3, 1 design thermal conductivity j W/(rn.) 4 Principles The principle of the calculation method is to: a) obtain the thermal resistance of each thermally homogeneous par
35、t of the com- ponent; combine these individual resistances obtained in a) so as to obtain the total thermal resistance of the component, including (where appropriate) the effect of surface resistances. b) Thermal resistances of individual parts are obtained according to 5.1. The values of surface re
36、sistance given in 5.2 are appropriate in most cases. Annex A gives detailed procedures for low-emissivity surfaces, specific external wind speeds, and non-planar surfaces. Air layers may be regarded as thermally homogeneous for the purposes of this Standard. Values of the thermal resistance of large
37、 air layers with high-emissivity surfaces are given in 5.3, and Annex B gives procedures for other cases. The resistances of the layers are combined as follows: a) for components consisting of thermally homogeneous layers, obtain the total ther- mal resistance according to 6.1 and the thermal transm
38、ittance according to clause 7; or components having one or more thermally heterogeneous layers, obtain the total thermal resistance according to 6.2 and the thermal transmittance according to clause 7; for components containing a tapered layer, obtain the thermal transmittance and/or the total therm
39、al resistance according to Annex C. b) c) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
40、 -,-,- 4 A 2101 : 2003 Finally, corrections can be applied to the thermal transmittance if appropriate according to Annex D, tallow for the effects of air gaps in insulation, mechanical fasteners penetrating an insulation layer, and precipitation on inverted roofs. The thermal transmittance so calcu
41、lated applies between the environments on either side of the component concerned. For example, it applies between internal and external environments in the case of being adjacent to the outside air, between internal environments in the case of an internal partition, between internal envi- ronment an
42、d an unheated space in the case of being adjacent to an unheated space, Simplified procedures are given in 5.4 for treating an unheated space as a thermal resistance. 5 Thermal resistances 5 . 1 Design thermal values can be given as either design thermal conductivity or design thermal resistance. If
43、 ther- mal conductivity is given, obtain the thermal resistance of the layer from: Thermal resistance of homogeneous layers (1) d R = - . - i l where d is the thickness of the material layer in the component; i l is the design thermal conductivity of the material, either calculated according to IS0
44、10456 : 1999 or obtained from tabulated values. Remarks 1 The thickness d may be different from the nominal thickness (e.g. when a compressible product is installed in a compressed state, d is less than the nominal thickness). If relevant, d should also make appropriate allowance for thickness toler
45、ances (e.g. when they are nega- tive). Thermal resistance values used in intermediate calculations shall be calculated to at least 3 decimal places. 5.2 Surface resistances Use the values in Table 1 for plane surfaces in the ab- sence of specific information on the boundary conditions. The values un
46、der “hori- zontal“ apply to heat flow directions f 30“ from the horizontal plane, For non-planar surfaces or for specific boundary conditions use the procedures in Annex A. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/11
47、11111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:07:39 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 5 A 2101 : 2003 Upwards Table 1 Surface resistances (in mz*K/W) Horizontal Downwards R S i R, 0.10 0.13 0.17 0 . 0 4 0.04 0.04 5 . 3 to an air layer which: Therma
48、l resistance of air layers The values given in this subclause apply - is bounded by two faces which are effectively parallel and perpendicular to the direction of heat flow and which have emissivities not less than 0.8; - has a thickness (in the direction of heat flow) of less than 0.1 times each one of the other two dimensions of the surrounding air layers, and not greater than 0.3 m; Remarks : A single thermal transmittance should not be calculated for com- ponents containing air layers thicker than 0.3 M. Rather, heat flows should be calculated by performing a he