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1、J IS JAPANESE I NDUSTRIAL STA N DA R D Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association (IS0 15330 1999) (JFRI/ JSA) Fasteners-Preloading test for the detection of hydrogen em brittlement-Parallel bearing surface method ICs 21.060.01 Reference number : JIS 3 1045 : 2001 (E) 8 S PROTECTED B
2、Y COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 1999) Foreword This
3、 translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard established by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee according to the proposal of establishing a Japanese Industrial Standard from The Japan Resear
4、ch Institute for Screw Threads and Fasteners (JFRI)/the Japanese Standards Association (JSA), with a draft of Industrial Standard based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standardization Law. This Standard has been made based on IS0 15330 : 1999 Fasteners- Preloading test for
5、the detection of hydrogen embrittlement-Parallel bearing surface method for the purposes of making easy to compare this Standard with International Standard; to prepare Japanese Industrial Standard conforming with International Standard; and to propose a draft of International Standard which is base
6、d on Japanese Industrial Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which hav
7、e technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public w
8、hich have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 2001-12-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2001-12-20 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Standards Board Technical Committee on Machine Elements JIS B 1045 : 2001, First English edition published in 2002
9、-07 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publicat
10、ion may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in Japan PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALice
11、nsee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 1999) Contents Page Introduction . 1 2 3 4 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 6 7 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.3 7.4 7.5 Scope N
12、ormative references Terms and definitions . Principle Test apparatus . Metric bolts, screws and studs Thread rolling screws, self-tapping screws and self-drilling screws Screw and washer assemblies . Nuts Spring washers . Sampling . Test procedure Lubrication Application of preload . Metric bolts, s
13、crews, studs and nuts . Thread rolling screws, self-tapping screws and self-drilling screws Spring washers . Reference test . Time for starting the test Retightening during test 8 Test evaluation 9 Test report Bibliography . 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copy
14、right Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 19
15、99) Fasteners-Preloading test for the detection of hydrogen embrittlement- Parallel bearing surface method Introduction This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the first edition of IS0 15330 Fasteners-Preloading test for the detection of hydrogen embrittlement-Parallel bearing s
16、urface method published in 1999 without modify- ing the technical contents. When atomic hydrogen enters steels, it can cause loss of ductility or load-carrying ability, cracking usually as submicroscopic cracks) or catastrophic brittle failures at applied stresses well below the yield strength or ev
17、en the normal design strength for the alloys. This phenomenon often occurs in alloys that show no significant loss in ductility when measured by conventional tensile tests, and is frequently referred to as hydrogen-induced delayed brittle failure, hydrogen stress cracking or hydrogen embrittlement.
18、The hydrogen can be introduced during heat treatment, gas carbur- izing, cleaning, pickling, phosphating, electroplating and in the service environment as a result of cathodic protection or corrosion reactions. Hydrogen can also be intro- duced during fabrication, for example during roll forming, ma
19、chining, and drilling due to coolant or lubricant break-down as well as during welding or brazing operations. 1 currence of hydrogen embrittlement of fasteners at room temperature. Scope This test is applicable to - metric bolts, screws and studs; - thread rolling screws; - self-tapping screws; - se
20、lf-drilling screws; - nuts; - washers This Standard specifies a preloading test which is able to detect the oc- which are made of steel and are under tensile stress. The test shall be carried out within a temperature range of 10 “C to 35 OC. The test is suitable only for in-process control and may b
21、e carried out after any step of the manufacturing process. It is not intended as an acceptance test. It is capable of assessing differences or changes in processing conditions or techniques and to determine the effectiveness of the various processing steps including pre- and post-coating treatments
22、(baking) to reduce the mobile hydrogen in the fasteners. This test does not relieve the manufacturer or processor from the responsibility of imposing and monitoring suitable process control. Note 1 The chance of detecting hydrogen embrittlement decreases significantly if the test is started more tha
23、n 24 h after the last step of manufacturing process. Therefore, in normal cases this test is not suitable for accep- tance testing. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resal
24、e, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 1999) Special attention shall be given to the reference test in clause 7 . 3 . Note 2 The International Standard corresponding to this Standard is as follows. In addition, sy
25、mbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the contents between the relevant International Standard and JIS are IDT (identical), MOD (modified), and NEQ (not equivalent) according to ISO/ IEC Guide 21. IS0 15330 : 1999 Fasteners-Preloading test for the detection of hydro- gen embrittlement-P
26、arallel bearing surface method (IDT) 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this Standard, constitute provisions of this Standard. If the indication of the year of coming into effect is given to these referred standards, only the edi- tion of in
27、dicated year constitutes the provision of this Standard but the revision and amendment made thereafter are not applied. The normative references without the indication of the year of coming into effect apply limiting only to the most recent edition (including amendments). JIS B 1001 Diameter of clea
28、rance holes and counterbores for bolts and screws Remarks : The provisions cited from IS0 273 : 1979 Fasteners-Clearance holes for bolts and screws are equivalent to the corresponding provisions in the said standard. Tapping screws-Mechanical properties The provisions cited from IS0 2702 : 1992 Heat
29、-treated steel tap- ping screws-Mechanical properties is identical with the said stan- dard. JIS B 1055 Remarks : JIS B 1059 Drilling screws with tapping screw thread-Mechanical and func- tional properties The provisions cited from IS0 10666 : 1999 Drilling screws with tapping screw thread-Mechanica
30、l and functional properties is iden- tical with the said standard. IS0 7085 : 1999 Mechanical and performance requirement of case hardened and tempered metric thread rolling screws Remarks : 3 Terms and definitions and definitions apply. For the purposes of this Standard the following terms 3.1 susc
31、eptibility to hydrogen embrittlement characteristic of a steel fastener to display brittle failure due to the presence of mobile hydrogen and when subjected to a significant degree of tensile stress and/or adverse service conditions. With increasing susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement, the crit
32、ical amount of mobile hydrogen which may cause brittle failure decreases markedly. After the manufacturing process, susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement cannot be reduced or changed into an unsusceptible condition, even by any post-coating heat treatment (baking). Notes 1 2 PROTECTED BY COPYRIGH
33、T Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 3 B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 1999) 3 . 2 risk of failure
34、 which arises if fasteners made from steel which are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement absorb hydrogen and are subjected to tensile stress and/or residual tensile stress. Note : The risk of hydrogen embrittlement can be reduced when in the relevant process steps hydrogen supply is minimized and/
35、or when suitable post- coating heat treatment is carried out to enable hydrogen to effuse and/or to trap hydrogen irreversibly in the steel. risk of hydrogen embrittlement 3 . 3 quantity of fasteners of a single designation including product grade, property class and size, manufactured from bar, wir
36、e, rod or flat product from a single cast, processed through the same or similar steps at the same time or over a continuous time period through the same heat treatment and/or coating pro- cess, if any. Same heat treatment or coating process means: - for a continuous process, the same treatment cycl
37、e without any setting modifica- tion; - for a discontinuous process, the same treatment cycle for identical consecutive loads (batches). Note : The manufacturing lot may be split into a number of manufacturing batches for processing purposes and then reassembled into the same manufacturing lot. manu
38、facturing lot 3 . 4 facturing lot processed together at one time. manufacturing batch quantity of identical fasteners from the same manu- 4 Principle The preloading test is carried out in suitable test devices. The fas- teners are subjected to stress in the range of the yield point or the breaking t
39、orque either by torquing with a mating nut (or bolt) or by driving in a pretapped plate, see Figures 1 to 3. Other loading systems and fixtures are permissible, provided that the required stress in the range of the yield point or breaking torque of the relevant fastener can be achieved. The stress o
40、r torque is held at least for 48 h. After every 24 h the fasteners are retightened to the initial stress or torque and at the same time checked if failure due to hydrogen embrittlement has occurred. 5 Test apparatus According to the different types of fasteners different test de- vices shall be used
41、. 5.1 For metric bolts, screws and studs fixtures of hardened plates of steel with parallel faces and with one hole or with multiple holes perpendicular to the surfaces of the plates shall be used, see Figure 1. The apparatus for metric bolts, screws and studs comprises a top and a bottom steel plat
42、e, see Figure 1. The hardness of top plate and bottom plate shall be 45 HRC minimum. The bearing surfaces shall be ground, and the roughness shall not ex- ceed Ra = 8 pm. The thickness of each plate shall be Id minimum (d is the nominal thread diameter). The clearance holes shall have diameters dh i
43、n accordance with JIS B 1001, grade 1, and shall not be chamfered. The distance of the clearance holes, L, from each other shall be three diameters ( 3 4 minimum. Metric bolts, screws and studs PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALice
44、nsee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 1999) When carrying out the test, a free threaded length of at least Id shall be sub- jected to stress, and no m
45、ore than 5 full threads shall extend beyond the nut. To meet these requirements, one or more plates of steel with parallel and ground faces may be used as filler plate(s). The filler plate(s) may be manufactured from other steel grades and with a different hardness compared to upper and bottom plate
46、. The bolts, screws and studs to be tested are preloaded by tensioning with a mat- ing nut. In the case of studs or threaded rod, nuts shall be used at both sides of the test plate(s). When they are threaded with different pitch threads, the nut on the Fine thread shall be considered as the head. Th
47、e nut representing the head shall be screwed to finger tightness up to the relevant thread end. In the case of a short screw (I 2.5d) only one plate with pretapped holes shall be used in which the screw shall be screwed directly without using a nut and tight- ened against the screw head. The plate s
48、hall have the properties as specified above for the top plate. For testing bolts and screws with no flat bearing surface (e.g. countersunk screws, eye bolts etc.) an appropriate upper plate or washer shall be used under the head, see Figure 2. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 05/16/2007 01:26:22 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 5 B 1045 : 2001 (IS0 15330 : 1999) Key i Upper plate with countersinks 2