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1、JIS B*7091 92 m 4933bO 0513327 i139 m a , a a t . a JIS JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Shutters for still cameras UDC 771.36 Translated and Published bY Japanese Standards Associa tion Printed in* Japan 9s Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Empl
2、oyees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- _ _ J I S B*7091 92 lls 46133608 0513328 075 E In the event of any doubt arising, the original Standard in Japanese is to be final authority. . Copyright
3、Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- - J I S B*7073 72 4733608 0533329 TO3 = UDC 771.36 JAPANESE INDUSTRI
4、AL STANDARD J I S Shutters for still cameras B 7091-1992 1. Scope This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the shutter mechanism (hereafter referred to as the “shutters“) of all types to be used for cameras for photographing. Remarks 1. This Standard applies to shutters in actual using condition
5、equipped with camera together with lens. 2. The shutter performance is closely related to the price of a camera, and in specifying the tolerance, it should preferably be applied according to the characteristics, the performance and the price. Thus, the tolerance specified in this Standard is not for
6、 specification of general inspection standards of the shutter performance, but for establishment of target values for the shutter performance in order to provide favorable photograph- ing results to photographers. 3. As to the shutters in the condition not attached to cameras, applicable items of th
7、is Standard shall apply. The following standards are cited in this Standard: JIS B 7115 Picture sizes for still cameras JIS C 1302 Insulation resistance testers (battery operated) JIS C 7520 Photoflash lamps JIS K 7604 Determination of IS0 speed of black-and-white continuous-tone negative films for
8、still photo- 4. graphy 5. The corresponding International standard to this Standard is as follows. IS0 516 : 1986 Photography-Camera shutters-Timing 2. Definitions For the purpose of this Standard, the following definitions apply. (1) lens shutter The shutter of the style to expose simultaneously or
9、 ap- proximately simultaneously the whole picture area of camera. Usually, the shutter existing near(l) the lens belongs to this, and the exposure is car- ried out by a rotary disc, a slide vane or the like. Note (l) It means front part, rear part, or intermediate part of the lens system. (2) focal
10、plane shutter The shutter of the style to expose successively the picture area of camera. Usually, the shutter existing near the focal plane belongs to this, and the exposure is carried out by a slit of rectangular or sector shape or the like. Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS
11、 under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 B 7091-1992 (3) total exposure time (to) The period of time since a point on the picture area begins to be expos
12、ed till the completion of the closing. open till it completes closing, and it is equal or approximately equal over the whole picture area. obtained from formula (1) (see Fig. 1): In the case of lens shutter, the period of time since the vane begins to The total exposure time concerning the focal pla
13、ne shutter shall be W+Y d t o = (1) U where, to : total exposure time (focal plane shutter) (s) w : width of shutter slit at the point (mm) u : travelling speed of shutter slit at the point d, : average distance from the picture area to the A : F number of lens (mm/s) travelling plane of shutter sli
14、t (mm) Fig. 1, Relation between slit and luminous flux of focal plane shutter v t l I Picture Photographing Shutter area lens slit (4) effective exposure time (te) The time required for the ideal shutter(2) of the same aperture to give the same optical amount as that to be given at a point of the pi
15、cture area. It shall be obtained according to formula (2) : Note (2) The ideal shutter means the shutter which opens and closes without lapse of time. H E O (t) dt = - . (2) where, te : effective exposure time (s) , E : illuminance at that point (lx) Eo : maximum illuminance at that point (1x1 H : a
16、rea enclosed by illuminance - time curve (1x.s) Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- J I S B*70
17、91 92 E 4933b08 0513331 bbT E 3 B 7091-1992 Fig. 2. Illuminance-Time curve at a point on picture area E Illuminance A The effective exposure time is equal or approximately equal over the whole picture area in the case of lens shutter, and in the case of focal plane shut- ter, it is the period of tim
18、e to travel by the width of shutter slit, and for each position it shall be expressed by formula (3): W u te = - I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (3) where, te : effective exposure time (focal plane shut
19、ter) (s) w : width of shutter slit at that point (mm) u : travelling speed of shutter slit at that point (mm/s) ds provided that, w ;r (3. ds Note (3) In case of w a (8) and the four measred values except the first measured value among the measured values of continuous 5 times shall be used: Copyrig
20、ht Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- -_-_ J I S *7093 92 91s Y933608 0533334 379 I 6 B 7091-1992 t E m
21、ax 2 p = tE min . (8) that is, p = l o g 2 ( k ) . (9) t E min where, p : fluctuation of exposure time (EY) tEmax : the maximum exposure time among the tEmin : the minimum exposure time among the measured values (s) measured values (s) (3) Ratio of adjacent exposure times (4) shall be obtained accor
22、ding to formula (10) and the average value of con- tinuous 5 time-measurements shall be used: The ratio of adjacent exposure times 2q = t( t E ( n ) . (10) E n + l that is, q=log2 . (11) ( tEtEn(*) ) where, q : ratio of adjacent exposure times (E,) tE(n) : exposure time at adjacent exposure time sca
23、le position expressed by the value n of positive or negative integer or O (s) position expressed by the value n + 1 of positive or negative integer or O (s) t E (n + 1) : exposure time at adjacent exposure time scale (4) Non-uniformity of exposure time (r) shall be obtained according to formula (12)
24、 and the average value of con- tinuous 5 time-measurements shall be used: The non-uniformity of exposure time te max te min 2 = (12) that is, r = log2 ( (13) ; max ) e min where, r : non-uniformity of exposure time (E,) te max : the maximum effective exposure time on the picture area (s) in each shu
25、tter action te min : the minimum effective exposure time on the picture area (s) in each shutter action Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networ
26、king permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Reference value of exposure time 1 1 1 2 5 and longer Shorter than 11125 b P Q r 10.3 0 . 3 or less 1 I 0.45 0.2 or less 10.45 0.45 or less 1rtO.65 0.6 or less 0 e e e JIS B*7391 92 S 4933608 0513335 205 9 7 B 7091-1992 Informative reference Table 1. Per
27、missible range of exposure time Value of rounded-off of reference value Tcmpcraturc rangc Excccding OC up to and including + 40C - 10C to 0C Refcrcncc value Pcrmissiblc range of expocurc time Pcrmissiblc rangc of exposure time s, ms Tolcrances E“ Tolerances E V s, ms 8 s, ms n - 3 - 2 -1 O 1 2 3 4 5
28、 6 7 - S 8 4 2 1 112 114 118 1/16 113 2 1/64 11128 9.85 to 6.50 s 4.92 to 3.25 s 2.46 to 1.62 s 1.23 to 0.812 s 616 to 406 ms 308 to 203 ms 154 to 102 ms 76.9 to 50.8 ms 38.5 to 25.4 ms 19.2 to 12.7 ms 9.62 to 6.35 ms f 0.3 11.7 to 5.46 s 5.86 to 2.73 s 2.93 to 1.37 s 1.46 to 0.683 s 732 to 342 ms 3
29、66 to 171 ms 183 to 85.4 ms 91.5 to 42.7 ms 45.8 to 21.3 ms 22.9 to 10.7 ms 11.4 to 5.34 ms f 0.55 8 4 2 1 112 114 118 1/15 1130 1/60 11125 8 s 4 s 2 s 1 s 500 ms 250 ms 125 ms 62.5 mc 31.3 ms 15.6 ms 7.81 ms 11250 11500 111000 1/2000 3.91 ms 1.95 ms 0.98 ms 0.49 ms 5.34 to 2.86 ms 2.67 to 1.43 ms 1
30、.33 to 0.71 ms 0.67 to 0.36 ms f 0.45 - 6.35 to 2.40 ms 3.17 to 1.20 ms 1.59 to 0.60 ms 0.79 to 0.30 ms f 0.70 11256 115 12 111024 112048 8 9 10 11 4.2 Photoflash synchronization mechanism 4.2.1 Delay time ( t d ) ence value of delay time and its tolerance, shall be in accordance with Table 3 in the
31、 case of lens shutter, and with Table 4 in the case of focal plane shutter respectively. As to the delay time of each contact point, the refer- Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/20
32、07 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 8 B 7091-1992 Table 3. Reference value of delay time and its tolerances in lens shutter Type of contact poin X M Delay time td (ms) 16 k 3 full opening (6) time of shutter I1 1 Note (6) This applies to the shutter
33、the exposure time scale. Type of contact poin X FP Conceptional diagram C A : Time point of ignition contact (in the case of flash lamp). B : Point through which the luminous flux of 80 % of that at full opening condition of shutter passes (at the maximum aper- ture of lens). shortest exposure time.
34、 C : Point of of full opening time in the having a mechanism which the delay time varies Table 4. Reference value of delay time and its tolerances in focal plane shutter Delay time td (ms) 1 0 : : Ignition contact shall be achieved between B and C. For those where ignition contact is caused after po
35、int C, the luminous flux not less than 80 % of luminous flux at point C shall pass. Time between A and B Conceptional diagram m 13 U n : 9 5 i ! i 2 gnition contact range - - -0.5 - ms R Not less than Full opening time - - Q : Time point when the shutter is fully opened R : Time point when the shutt
36、er begins to close S : Time point of not less than 0.5 ms before the shutter begins to close 4 0 3 Time Time of delay Whole exposure time calibration C : electrolytic capacitor B : D.C. 6 V constant voltage power source P : gate signal generating circuit capable of generat- (400 pF f 20 %, 10 V to 1
37、6 V) ing pulse keeping width of 1 ms and 2.5 ms ac- cording to the kind of contact point Remarks: Even if the contact point bounds during ignition contact, the gate circuit shall not be actuated twice or more. 6. Marking Shutters shall be marked, as a rule, with the following items: (I) Manufacturer
38、s name or abbreviation (2) Manufacture number or its abbreviation Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH
39、S -,-,- B 7091-1992 Edition 1 Japanese Text Established by Minister of International Trade and Industry Date of Establishment: 1971-03-01 Date of Revision: 1992-12-01 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 1992-12-14 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Divisional Council on
40、Precision Machinery - This English translation is published by: Japanese Standards Association 1-24, Akasaka 4, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107 Japan O JSA, 1993 Printed in Tokyo by Hohbunsha Co., Ltd. Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 20:53:21 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-