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1、JIS JAPANESE I NDUSTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 2002) Safety of machinery - Permanent means of access to machinery - Part 4 : Fixed ladders ICs 13.110 Reference number : JIS B 9713-4 : 2004 (E) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 18 s Copyright Japan
2、ese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 : 2002) Foreword This translation has b
3、een made based on the original Japanese Indus- trial Standard established by the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare and the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee according to the pro- posal of establishing a Japanese Industri
4、al Standard from the Japan Machinery Federation (JMF) /the Japanese Standards Association (JSA), with a draft of Industrial Standard based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standardization Law. This Standard has been made based on ISO/FDIS 14122-4:2002 Safety of machinery-Per
5、manent means of access to machinery-Part 4 : Fixed ladders for the purposes of making it easier to compare this Standard with International Standard; to prepare Japanese Industial Standard conforming with International Standard; and to propose a draft of an In- ternational Standard which is based on
6、 Japanese Industrial Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which have te
7、chnical properties. The relevant Ministers and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identiing the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registra- tion of utility model after opening to the public whic
8、h have the said tech- nical properties. JIS B 9713 consists of the following parts, under the general title Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery: Part 1 : Choice offixed means of access between two levels Part 2: Working pla tforms and walk ways Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and
9、guard -ra safety standard. Notes 1 4 Information - - group safety standard, comprising safety aspects applicable to several or a family of similar products, processes or services dealt with by more than one committee, making reference, as far as possible, to basic safety standards; - product safety
10、standard, comprising safety aspects) for a specific, or a family of, product(s), procesdes) or service(s) within the scope of a single committee, making reference, as far as possible, to basic safety standards and group safety standards; The purpose of this Standard is to define the general requirem
11、ents for safe access to machines mentioned in IS0 12100-2. Part 1 of JIS B 9713 gives advice about the cor- rect choice of access means when the necessary access to the machine is not possible PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicen
12、see=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 : 2002) directly from the ground level or from a floor. 1 means of access are necessary. Scope This Standa
13、rd applies to all machinery (stationary and mobile) where fixed This Standard applies to fixed ladders which are a part of a machine. This Standard may also be applied to fixed ladders to that part of the building where the machine is installed, providing the main function of that part of the buildi
14、ng is to provide a means of access to the machine. This Standard can be used also for means of access which are outside the scope of this Standard. In those cases the possible relevant national or other regulations should take precedence. This Standard applies also to ladders which are not permanent
15、ly fixed to the ma- chine and which may be removed, moved to the side or pivoted (swivel-mounted) for some operations of the machine (e.g. changing tools in a large press). Note 1 For the significant hazards covered by this Standard, see clause 4 of JIS B 9713-1. Note 2 The International Standard co
16、rresponding to this part of JIS B 9713 is as follows. In addition, symbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the contents between the relevant International Standard and JIS are IDT (identical), MOD (modified), and NEQ (not equivalent) according to ISO/IEC Guide 21. ISO/FDIS 14122-412002
17、Safety of machinery-Permanent means of ac- cess to machinery-Part 4 : fixed ladders (IDS) 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this Standard, constitute provisions of this Standard. If the indication of the year of publication is given to thes
18、e referred standards, only the edition of the in- dicated year constitutes the provision of this Standard but the revision and amend- ment made thereafter do not apply. The normative references without the indication of the year of coming into effect apply only to the most recent edition (including
19、amend- ments). JIS B 9713-1 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part i: Choice of fixed means of between two levels Note : IS0 14122-1:2001 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part I: Choice of fixed means of between two levels is identical with the said
20、 standard. JIS B 9713-2 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part 2: Working pla tforms and walkways Note : IS0 14122-2:2001 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALi
21、censee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 3 B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 : 2002) machinery-Part 2: Working platforms and walkways is identical with the said standard. Safety of
22、 machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery-Part JIS B 9713-3 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails Note : IS0 14122-3:2001 Safety of machinery-Permanent means of access to machinery -Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails is identical with the said standard. 3 tions given in clause 3 of
23、 JIS B 9713-1 and the following apply. Terms and definitions For the purposes of this Standard, the terms and defini- The main terms used in this Standard are given as an example in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. Information : See EN 1070 for relevant terms and definitions. 3.1 fixed ladder with two stiles
24、ladder, according to 3 . 1 of JIS B 9713-1, which is stationary and where the rungs are arranged between and attached to the stiles. The stiles carry the load (see figure 2 ) . 3.2 fxed ladder with one stile ladder, according to 3.1 of JIS B 9713-1, which is sta- tionary and where the rungs are atta
25、ched to both sides of the stile. The stile carries the load alone (see figure 3). 3 . 3 ladder flight continuous part of the fixed ladder (see figure 1 ) : - between arrival and departure area, in the case of ladders without platforms; or - between the arrival area and departure area respectively an
26、d the nearest platform; or - between rest platforms following each other 3.4 climbing height Hof a fixed ladder total vertical distance between the walking surface of the arrival area at the top of the ladder(s) and the walking surface of the departure area at the base of the laddeds) (see figure i
27、) . 3.5 and the level at the end of each flight (see H, hi, hz, h 3 in figures la and lb) 3.6 fall protection technical measure to prevent or reduce the risk of people falling from fixed ladders height li of the ladder flight vertical distance between the level at the beginning Note : Commonly used
28、fall protection devices are defined in 3.6.1 and 3.6.2. 3.6.1 ladder (see figure 2) 3.6.2 protective equipment fixed to ladder used in combination with personal protective equipment that everyone has available before being allowed to use the ladder. In the following text the abbreviation ?fall arres
29、ter? will also be used for this type of fall protection device. safety cage assembly which serves to limit the risk of people falling from the guided type fall arrester on a rigid anchorage line, fall arrester Information See also definition in EN 353-1 and EN 363. 3.7 arrival level the upper level
30、of the surroundings or of the intermediate platform PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without licens
31、e from IHS -,-,- 4 B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 : 2002) to which, the person steps after the ascent (see figure 1) 3.8 form from which the person starts to climb the fixed ladder (see figure 1) 3.9 intermediate platform horizontal structure (platform) between two consecutive flights of a ladder
32、 (used with ladders having staggered flights) (see figures l b and 4b) 3.10 that the user of the ladder can have a physical rest (see figures lb and 10) 3.11 person for means of access 3.12 platform or through other similar horizontal structures departure level the lower level of the surroundings or
33、 of the intermediate plat- rest platform area equipped with the required protective means designed so access platform horizontal structure at the arrival or departure area used by a trap door normally closed device which can be opened to give access through a H,= 10 O00 mm h, = 6 O00 mm Figure 1.a L
34、adder without rest platform Figure 1.b Ladder with staggered flights (single flight) Key 1 Arrival area 2 Departure area 3 Intermediate platform 4 Figure 1 Ladder flight: H, hi, h2, h 3 Height of flights and location of platforms PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provid
35、ed by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 8 a 7 - / 6 / / 2 1 5 B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISOIFDIS 14122-4 : 2002) 9 J Key 1 Anchor bracket 2 Rung 3 Ladder
36、stile 4 Safety cage vertical members 5 Lowest hoop 6 Intermediate hoop 7 Toe plate 8 Platform step 9 Gate 10 Upperhoop A Exit section BI Safety cage Figure 2 Terminology PROTECTEDBYCOPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111
37、001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 6 B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 : 2002) P Key 1 Stile 2 Rung 3 Protective device against slipping-off 4 Anchor point Figure 3 Example of a ladder equal to or less
38、than 3 O00 mm with one stile 4 Safety requirements 4.1 General requirements The materials, dimensions of constituent elements and construction mode used shall meet the safety objectives of this part of JIS B 9713. Ladders shall be designed to meet the same installation requirements as the ma- chine,
39、 taking into consideration where necessary, conditions such as harsh environ- ment, vibrations, etc. As far as possible, fixed ladders should be designed with two stiles. In exceptional circumstances (e.g. a continuous ladder with a varying angle of pitch or insufficient space to provide two stiles)
40、, fixed ladders may be provided with only one stile. All parts likely to be in contact with users shall be designed so as not to catch, hurt or hinder i.e. sharp corners, welds with burrs, or rough edges, etc. should be avoided. Opening or closing the mobile parts (gate) shall not cause further haza
41、rds (e.g. shear- ing or accidental falling) for persons using the ladder and those in the vicinity. Fittings, hinges, anchor points, supports and mounting points shall hold the assem- PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS E
42、mployees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/13/2007 22:10:45 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 7 B 9713-4 : 2004 (ISO/FDIS 14122-4 : 2002) bly sufficiently rigid and stable to ensure the safety of users under normal conditions of use. 4 . 2 Stren
43、gth of fixed ladders 4.2.1 General requirements shall meet the following design requirements: 4 . 2 . 1 . 1 The ladder elements are considered to fulfil the require- ments mentioned in 4.2.1. The maximum deflection as indicated in 5 . 1 shall not exceed 50 mm. A ladder, platform and safety cage (whe
44、n installed) Ladder .element Information 1 See 3 . 1 of EN 131-2 for the requirements for aluminium alloys, steels, plastics and wood used for ladder elements. In case of fixed ladders with one stile instead of the lateral bending test a torsion test shall be made by application of two test loads ea
45、ch 400 N. The deflection of the ladder shall not exceed 20 mm (see 5 . 3 . 3 and figure 1 6 ) . For the rungs, the load is ap- plied on a length of 100 mm close to the lateral devices against slipping off. The resid- ual deflection of the rungs shall be not more than 0.3 % related to the length of t
46、he rung (see 5.3.2, and figure 15). Information 2 See 4.4 of EN 131-2 for the details of the lateral bending test. 4 . 2 . 1 . 2 The safety cage is considered to meet these requirements if the permanent deformation as the result of a vertical load of 1 O00 N is not more than 10 mm and as the result
47、of a horizontal load of 500 N is not more than 10 mm. (see 5 . 2 and figure 13). 4.2.1.3 Fixed ladders equipped with a fall arrester In addition to the requirements of 4.2.1.1, the combination of fall arrester and ladder shall be capable of stopping the user from falling (see clause 5 ) . 4.2.2 Fixi
48、ng elements 4.2.2.1 General Fixing elements such as fittings, anchorage points, hinges, supports and mountings shall hold the assembly sufficiently rigid and stable to ensure the safety of user under normal conditions of use (see verification in 5 . 4 ) . Safety cage In case of fixed ladders equipped with a fall arrester the connecting elements shall withstand the stresses caused by the fall arrester catching the person who falls down. 4.2.2.2 The anchoring points and connections to them shall be capable of supporting 3 O00 N per stile. Up to four anchorages may be considered t