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1、J IS JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association (OSTEC/ JSA) Method for evaluation of blow formability by bulging test on metallic superplastic materials ICs 77.040.10 Reference number : JIS H 7504 : 2003 (E) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 9s Copyright Japanese S
2、tandards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- H 7504 : 2003 Foreword This translation has been made based on the original Ja
3、panese Industrial Standard established by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee according to the proposal of establishing a Japanese Industrial Standard from The Foundation of Osaka Science & Technology Center (OSTECI/ Japane
4、se Standards Association (JSA), with a draft of Industrial Standard based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standard- ization Law. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening t
5、o the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after o
6、pening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to the public which have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 2003-10-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2003-10-20 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Comm
7、ittee Standards Board Technical Committee on Non-Ferrous Metals JIS H 7504 : 2003, First English edition published in 2004-03 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the origi
8、nal JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA 2004 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. P
9、rinted in Japan PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- H 7504 : 2003 Conte
10、nts Page Introduction . 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5 6 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 8 8.1 8.2 9 9.1 9.2 Scope Normative references Definitions Testing equipment . Constitution of testing equipment Forming mould . Heating apparatus . Gas pressuring apparatus Locking apparatus . Test specimen . Mould releas
11、ing agent Test method Heating of test specimen Clamping load for gas sealing . Gas pressure . Temperature measuring . Formed height measurement . Evaluation method of blow formability . Sheet thickness uniformity Forming period . Report Reporting items Supplementary items 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4
12、 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- H 7504 : 2003
13、Annex 1 (informative) Shape of forming mould seal bead 7 Annex 2 (informative) Bulge forming method-Method to form a hemisphere 8 Annex 3 (informative) Evaluation of sheet thickness uniformity 9 Annex 4 (informative) Materials for forming mould 10 Annex 5 (informative) Recommended values of forming
14、mould diameter 2R and forming mould shoulder radius r d . 11 (ii) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted
15、without license from IHS -,-,- JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS H 7504 : 2003 Method for evaluation of blow formability by bulging test on metallic superplastic materials Introduction In the case of forming metallic superplastic thin sheet materials, the gas blow forming method using gas pressure is
16、 popularly practiced. This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared to test and evaluate the blow formability by forming a hemisphere shape through the bulging of the superplastic formings of the metallic superplastic thin sheet materials which are the object this Standard. 1 Scope This Standa
17、rd specifies the test and evaluation methods of the blow forming with a superplastic bulge forming under the superplastic condition for metallic su- perplastic sheet materials of 3 mm or under in thickness. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in
18、 this Standard, constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent editions of the standards (including amendments) shall be applied. JIS C 1602 Thermocouples JIS H 7007 Glossary of terms used in metallic Superplastic materials JIS Z 8401 Guide to the rounding of numbers JIS Z 8704 Temperature
19、measurement-Electrical methods 3 Definitions 7007 and the following definitions apply: For the purposes of this Standard, the definitions given in JIS H mould forming bead: the continuous concave and convex on the forming mould which is set so as not to decrease the gas pressure established during t
20、he form- ing. forming pressure ( 3 ) : the gas pressure to blow forming with a definite pres- sure (Pa). forming temperature (2): the mould forming temperature (K) at forming. thickness reducing rate at the peak (d: percent of the peak thickness re- ducing rate to the original thickness at the stage
21、 of bulge forming to a hemi- sphere (%l. hemisphere forming period (TI: time required to reach the height equiva- lent to a hemisphere ( H k R ) at the specified gas pressure (min). 4 Testing equipment 4.1 Constitution of testing equipment The bulge forming test equipment shall consist of as follows
22、 (one example of the bulge forming test equipment is shown in Fig. i ) : a) Forming mould Composed of the top and bottom moulds. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale,
23、03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 H 7504 : 2003 b) Heating apparatus An apparatus to heat the forming mould and test speci- men to reach the uniform temperature of forming. Gas pressuring apparatus An apparatus to develop the gas pressure
24、 while controlling the pressure at the bulge form testing. Locking apparatus An apparatus to develop the pressure in the forming mould. Information : There is an up-blow (see Fig. i) and down-blow in the direction of the gas pressure blow. In the case of down-blow forming, it is easily influenced by
25、 the effect of gravity, and it is preferable to apply up-blow forming for the material of a low forming resis- tance. e) d) Locking load I Forming mould 7 Test I specimen Rj I Bottom Gas pressure ! ! ! ! mould . Temperature measuring equipment Round bead Triangle bead Detail of A part (Beaded part)
26、Information for bead R : the radius of forming mould h d : the depth of forming mould ?-d : the shoulder radius of forming mould to : the thickness of test piece H : the height of forming wb : the width of bead t : the sheet thickness at the db : the distance between the inner diameter of forming mo
27、uld and the first bead (before forming) peak h b : the height of bead Fig. 1 Bulge forming test equipment (example) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22
28、:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Y H 7504 : 2003 4.2 Forming mould The forming mould consists of a cylindrical part to form the test specimen and a bead part to hold the test specimen and to prevent the reducing of gas pressure. a) The forming part of
29、the forming mould shall be cylindrical as shown in Fig. 1, and the shoulder part of the forming mould to where the test specimen contacts at forming shall be formed with the radius r d (A part in Fig. 1). The following items shall be referenced for the shape and dimensions of form- ing mould at the
30、production of the forming mould: i) The shoulder radius of forming mould Pd shall be from 2 to 5 times the thick- ness of the sheet (See Annex 5). The diameter of the forming mould 2R shall be set to make the bending strain of the peak of the formed material to not exceed 5 %. The depth of the formi
31、ng mould h d shall be set larger than the radius of forming mould R. Namely, h d R. The shape and dimensions of position of forming mould bead edge: db, the height of bead: h b and the width of bead: wb shall be set to prevent the reduction of gas pressure, referencing the example of Annex 1. The ai
32、r vent hole shall be set on the forming mould to prevent any disturbance from the closed room on the forming operation. The surface roughness of the part where the thin sheet contacts during forming inside of the forming mould shall be finished to 1.6 pm or under. b) 2) 3) 4) c) 4.3 Heating apparatu
33、s A heating furnace equipped with a temperature control- ling apparatus is used to heat the test specimen, and shall be constructed to heat uniformly and constantly within the temperature tolerance range as shown in Table 1 for the whole body of test specimen during the test. However, it shall be su
34、bject to the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, in the case where it is necessary to perform the forming test outside of this temperature tolerance range. Measuring and controlling of test temperature shall be performed by a thermo- couple and measuring equipment. a) Thermocouple
35、1) 2) 3) The thermocouple shall be in accordance with JIS C 1602. Materials of the thermocouple shall sufficiently bear the testing tempera- ture. A platinum-platinum rhodium thermocouple is preferably applied. In the case of using a thermometer instead of a thermocouple, it is neces- sary to use a
36、thermometer having the same or better precision with that of the thermocouple. b) Measuring equipment The measuring equipment shall be such that it is sufficient to guarantee the test temperature be held within the temperature tol- erance range for the whole measuring range of Table l. PROTECTED BY
37、COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 H 7504 : 2003 Test temperature 873 or under Ta
38、ble 1 Tolerance range of test specimen temperature Unit: K Tolerance range I 3 Over 1273 GupTo and incl. 1 073 I Subjected to the agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer t4 1 Over 1 073 up to and incl. 1 273 I I 5 4.4 keep a constant forming pressure during the forming process. a) Gas p
39、ressuring apparatus The gas pressuring apparatus shall be able to Measuring of pressure shall be performed with a pressure measuring gauge or a pressure sensor installed between the forming mould and the pressure supply unit. The tolerable allowance of the forming pressure shall be the smaller one o
40、f ei- ther l % of forming pressure or 9.8 kPa. b) 4.5 Locking apparatus The apparatus shall be constructed to load the mould to prevent the test specimen from being drawn into the mould and to maintain gas pressure at a constant level. 5 Test specimen The shape and dimensions of test specimen shall
41、be polygonal or round, and shall be of an adequate size to maintain the forming pressure. 6 Mould releasing agent The mould releasing agent is painted between the test specimen and the forming mould, and is used to prevent the reaction between those materials. As for the mould releasing agent for su
42、perplastic forming, gen- erally, boron nitride (BN) or graphite is widely used and as for the painting method, brushing, spraying or dipping shall be used. Information : 7 Test method 7.1 Heating of test specimen On the preheated forming mould, the holding time of the test specimen to reach the form
43、ing temperature to the start of testing shall be about 10 min. 7.2 Clamping load for gas sealing The clamping load is applied to maintain the forming pressure. The load shall be generally 1.1 to 1.5 times the reaction force by the forming pressure, and it is settled while paying attention to the tes
44、t speci- men so as not to break under the loading, not to be drawn during the forming, and for the forming mould, so as not to be deformed under load, and so on. 7.3 Gas pressure At the starting point of forming, pressurization shall not be over 5 % of the total forming time to prevent the sudden lo
45、ading to the test speci- men. The forming pressure during the test period shall not be over the tolerance range of the appointed forming pressure in 4.4 b). PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=W
46、ing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 22:02:02 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 5 H 7504 : 2003 7.4 Temperature measuring Temperature measuring shall be in accordance with JIS Z 8704. At least two thermocouple sets shall be set in the forming mould and the t
47、emperature variance during the forming shall be within the tolerance as shown in 4.3. 7.5 read to the precision of U100 mm and rounded off to 1/10 mm. Formed height measurement The formed height (H) measurement shall be 8 Evaluation method of blow formability 8.1 Sheet thickness uniformity When the
48、set-up pressure is achieved during the forming period, the sheet thickness reducing rate at the peak point E (%)I shall be calculated using the measured result of sheet thickness (t) at the peak point at the stage of the body bulging to form the hemisphere ( H k R ) and the initial sheet thickness (to) of the test specimen using the formula (11, and the sheet thickness uniformity shall be evaluated with the value of Et (see Annex 3). (1) (to - t, x 100 * Et = - t0 where, Et : the sheet thickness reducing rate at the peak point