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1、J I S Z*2354 92 W 4933608 0535959 TL9 JIS UDC 620.1 79.1 62:534.28-8 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD Method for measurement of ultrasonic attenuation coefficient of solid by pulse echo technique Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Printed in Japan 10 s Copyright Japanese Standard
2、s Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- In the event of any doubt arising, the original Standard in Japanese is to be final a
3、uthority. t Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- J I S ZX2354 92 4933b08 05159bl 677 UDC 620.17
4、9.162:534.28-8 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD J I S Method for measurement of ultrasonic attenuation Z 2354-1992 coefficient of solid by pulse echo technique 1. This Japanese Industrial Standard specifies the method for measure- ment of the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient of solid by the pulse echo
5、 technique in frequency of 2 MHz or more. Scope Remarks: The standards cited in this Standard are as follows. JIS G 4103 JIS Z 2300 JIS Z 2350 JIS 2 2351 JIS 2 2352 Nickel chromium molybdenum steels Glossary of terms used in nondestructive testing Method for measurement of performance charac- terist
6、ics of ultrasonic probes Method for assessing the electrical characteristics of ultrasonic testing instrument using pulse echo technique Method for assessing the overall performance charac- teristics of ultrasonic pulse echo testing instrument 2. Z 2300 except the following terms. Definitions The te
7、rms mainly used in this Standard are defined in JIS bare transducer Bare transducer is used for a probe but it does not have front plate (wear plate) and rear damper. Quartz material is mainly used for this transducer . 3. The engineer shall not only perform measurement of the attenua- tion coeffici
8、ent, but also select the detailed items of measurement of the attenua- tion coefficient, and make a judgement of the measurement results. Concerning the ultrasonic testing, the engineer shall also be knowledgeable enough to judge the misleading factors of the test object and abnormalities indicated
9、by the measur- ing instruments of the attenuation Coefficient. Engineer 4. Apparatus used for this measurement 4.1 Ultrasonic pulse transmitter and receiver Ultrasonic pulse transmitter and receiver shall be a ultrasonic testing instrument or testing equipment which con- sists of pulse transmitter,
10、receiver and oscillo-scope. (1) In the case of using the ultrasonic testing instrument, its performance charac- teristics are as follows. (a) (b) Vertical linearity shall be measured in accordance with JIS Z 2352 and its deviation shall be within f 2 %. Linearity of time base shall be measured in ac
11、cordance with JIS Z 2352 and its deviation shall be within f 2 %. Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH
12、S -,-,- JIS Z*2354 92 D 4933608 0535962 503 2 Z 2354-1992 (c) Adjustable range of gain controls shall be more than 50 dB and its step shall be less than 1 dB. JIS 2 2351 and it shall be within i- 1 dB. Output terminal of high frequency signal shall be provided with function capable of observing the
13、output signal of high frequency from receiving amplifier. In the case of using an oscilloscope, the oscilloscope shall be usable for twice or more the nominal frequency of the probe used for the measurement. Error in the range of 50 dB shall be measured in accordance with (d) (2) 4.2 Probe The probe
14、 shall be as follows. (1) The probe to be used shall be an immersion probe or a normal probe for con- tact testing (including bare transducer). However, a focused probe shall not be used. The diameter of transducer shall be, as a rule, 5 mm, 7 mm, 10 mm, 14 mm or 20 mm. The cycle number of echo, in
15、the case that the probe is used with pulse trans- mitter and receiver or ultrasonic testing instrument, shall be generally 10 or more in accordance with JIS Z 2350. The squint angle of the center axis of the beam shall be 1 degree or less in accordance with JIS Z 2350. (2) (3) (4) 4.3 shall be used
16、for this measurement. However, to obtain the stable contact condi- tion between probe and specimen, the flexible cable such as 0.8D-XVS shall be selected as far as possible. Probe cable The probe cable specified by the pulse transmitter and receiver 4.4 Reference block The requirements for reference
17、 block shall be as follows. (1) The dimension of the reference block shall be determined in account of the fol- lowing conditions where the maximum number of the order of the usable back wall echoes is generally two or more and a echo used for this measurement does not interfere with the adjacent ec
18、hoes. The dimensions of the specimen shall also be determined in account of the conditions mentioned above. The relationship among dimension and sound velocity of a reference block, diameter of transducer, test frequency and the maximum number of the order of the usable back wall echoes is given by
19、the following formula. Ddf N = 0.29 (1) where, N : maximum number of order of usable back wall echoes a a a a Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or
20、networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- JIS 282354 92 D 4933608 0535963 44T Nominal frequency used for measurement (MHz) I mm) Diameter or length of side 3 Z 2354-1992 Thickness (mm) D : diameter or length of side of reference block (mm) T : thickness of reference block (mm) d : transduc
21、er diameter (mm) f : test frequency (MHz) C : sound velocity of reference block (kds) (2) In the case that attenuation coefficient of steel specimen is measured with test frequency of 2 MHz to 10 MHz, the reference block used in this case should be satisfied with the following conditions. (a) The re
22、ference block shall have circular or square test surface and its dimension shall be given by Table 1. Table 1. Dimensions of reference block 2 to 10 I 100 I 25 to 50 5 to 10 I 50 I 25 to 50 0.01 (b) (c) The parallelism between the test surface and the back wall shall be 5. The grade of finish of the
23、 test surface shall be lapping and that of back wall surface shall be 3.2s or equivalent, in the case of applying contact testing technique. However, that of both surfaces shall be 3.2s or equivalent, in the case of using plastics delay materials. Also, that of both surfaces shall be 3.2s or equival
24、ent in the case of applying immer- sion testing technique. Materials shall be quenched and tempered SNCM439 as specified by JIS G 4103 (however, air-cooled after tempering.), or materials which have attenuation coefficient equivalent or less to that of the material men- tioned above. In the case tha
25、t attenuation coefficient of steel specimen is measured with test frequency of more than 10 MHz, the reference block used in this case should be satisfied with the following conditions. (a) (b) (c) (d) (3) The dimensions of test surface shall be 25 x 25 (thickness 5 to 10) mm or 2 5 (thickness 5 to
26、10) mm. The parallelism between the test surface and the back wall shali be m. The grade of finish of the test surface shall be lapping and that of back wall surface shall be 1.6s or equivalent, in the case of applying contact testing technique. Also, that of both surfaces shall be 1.6s or equivalen
27、t in the case of applying immersion testing technique. Materials shall be quenched and tempered SNCM439 as specified by JIS G 4103 (however, air-cooled after tempering.), or materials which have attenuation coefficient equivalent or less to that of the material men- tioned above. 0.01 (d) Copyright
28、Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- J I S ZW2354 92 4933608 0535964 386 4 Z 2354-1992 (3 (4) Couplant Fo
29、r contact testing technique, couplant shall be spindle oil or machine oil. However, in the case of using shear wave, couplant shall be a material which is suitable for transmission of shear wave, such as high viscosity liquid (for example : isopolybutane), solid adhesive (phenyl salicylate) or equiv
30、alent. For immersion testing technique, couplant shall be water. However, spindle oil, etc. are used as couplant in case that water is unsuitable. The couplant shall be specified as follows. Water tank The water tank shall be as follows (see Fig. 1 ) . The probe is placed at the bottom, and ultrason
31、ic beams emit upward. The specimen holder shall be provided with three-point adjustment by screw or the like, so that ultrasonic beams may enter perpendicularly to the specimen. The adjustment shall be possible up to about 0.1 degree (A slant). The specimen holder shall have a hole in the center. Th
32、e diameter of the hole shall be slightly smaller than the dimension of the specimen, so that ultrasonic beams may enter almost the center of the specimen. The specimen holder shall be provided with the screw-adjustment mechanism, so that the distance between the probe and the test surface of the spe
33、cimen (hereafter referred to as “water distance”.) is variable. The water tank shall be so constructed as to observe and remove the air bub- bles on the front surface of the probe and the test surface of the specimen easily. To prevent the generation of air bubbles, deaerated water, such as water co
34、oled after boiling shall be used. The water tank shall be so constructed as to change the water level easily, so that the immersion condition of the specimen may be changed. Fig. 1. Water tank (example) Specimen holder Water tank a a a a Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under
35、 license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- JIS ZW354 92 H 4933608 0535965 212 H 5 Z 2354-1992 5. Measurement 5.1 lows, according to the instruments and echoes used
36、 for measurement. Classification of measurement The measurement shall be classified as fol- (1) Measurement of the attenuation coefficient, using the reference block having sound velocity and acoustic impedance approximately equal to that of the specimen. ( 1.1) (1.2) (1.3) (1.4) Measurement of atte
37、nuation coefficient by contact-multiple echo technique, using reference blocks. Measurement of attenuation coefficient by only the first back wall echo, using reference blocks. Measurement of attenuation coefficient by immersion-multiple echo techni- que, using the reference blocks. Measurement of a
38、ttenuation coefficient by the contact-multiple echo techni- que using reference blocks and using normal probe with delay material made of hard synthetic resin. Direct measurement of attenuation coefficient of flat plate specimen with arbitrary thickness by immersion-multiple echo technique. Direct m
39、easurement of the attenuation coefficient of actual test object. 0 (2) (3) 5.2 Measurement of the attenuation coefficient, using the reference block having sound velocity and acoustic impedance approximately equal to that of the specimen 5.2.1 using reference blocks contact-multiple echo technique u
40、sing reference blocks shall be as follows. Measurement of attenuation coefficient by contact-multiple echo technique, The method for measurement of attenuation coefficient by (1) The specimen shall be as follows. (a) (b) (c) The dimensions shall be, as a rule, the same as the reference blocks specif
41、ied in 4.4. The parallelism between the test surface and the back wall shall be 5. The finish of the test surface and the back wall shall be as follows. The test surface shall be lapping finish. The back wall shall be 3.2s or equivalen t. 0.01 (2) The upper limit of the frequency used to measure the
42、 attenuation coefficient shall be such frequency that the second back wall echo (hereafter referred to as “Il2“) can be measured at the SN ratio of 14 dB or over. When the SN ratio of Bz is 14 dB or under, and the first back wall echo (hereafter referred to as “B1“) is at the SN ratio of 14 dB or ov
43、er, the coeffi- cient shall be measured by the method specified in 5.2.2. The ultrasonic testing instrument, or pulse transmitter and pulse receiver shall be adjusted as follows. (3) Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, Use
44、r=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 07:41:20 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- J I S Z*2354 92 m 4933608 0535966 159 m 6 Z 2354-1992 (a) The test range shall be adjusted so that Bi is observed within the left end of the display graticule and the final ba
45、ck wall echo (hereafter re- ferred to as “B,“) used for measurement is observed within its right end. The suffix rn of B, indicates the number of the order of the final back wall echo. The maximum is the number where the SN ratio of B, is 14 dB or over, but, in addition, it is limited by the value o
46、btained by the following formula. Ddf m 5 0.29 CT . (2) where, rn : number of order of final back wall echo D : diameter or length of side of reference block (mm) T : thickness of reference block (mm) C : sound velocity of reference block (km/s) d : transducer diameter (mm) f : test frequency (MHz)
47、(b) (c) The probe shall be placed near the center of test surface of specimen and closely contacted to the test surface with rubbing together, using a small quantity of couplant. To obtain the stable coupling condition between probe and specimen, load a constant pressure on the probe housing. The dB
48、 value of the ratio of BI to B, shall be measured, using the gain control. This value shall be designated as (B1/B,)TP. The reference block shall be measured in the same manner as (4). The dB value of the ratio of B1 to B, shall be designated as (BI/B,)RB. By the following formula, the relative attenuation coefficient shall be obtained, with the reference block as a standard. Set the rejection control to “OFF“ or “O“. The receiving band width shall contain the frequency of ultrasonic wave used for measurement. (4) (5) (6) (3) where, a : relative attenuation coefficient with the ref