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1、J IS JAPANESE I N DUSTR IAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association (JISF/ JSA) Rockwell hardness test- Test method ICs 77.040.10 Reference number : JIS Z 2245 : 2005 (E) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 16 S Z 2245 : 2005 Foreword This translation has been made based on the origin
2、al Japanese Industrial Standard revised by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, as the result of proposal for revision of Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by The Japanese Iron and Steel Federation (JISF)/Japanese Stan
3、dards Association (JSA) with the draft being attached, based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standardization Law applicable to the case of revision by the provision of Article 14. Consequently JIS Z 2245 : 1998 is replaced with this Standard. This revision has been made bas
4、ed on IS0 6508-1 : 1999 Metallic materials- Rockwell hardness test-Purt 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) for the purposes of making it easier to compare this Standard with International Standard; to prepare Japanese Industrial Standard conforming with International Standard; a
5、nd to propose a draft of an International Standard which is based on Japanese Industrial Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for reg
6、istration of utility model after opening to the public which have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application
7、 for registration of utility model after opening to the public which have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 1952-11-25 Date of Revision: 2005-02-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2005-02-21 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Standards Board Techn
8、ical Committee on Iron and Steel JIS Z 2245 : 2005, First English edition published in 2006-03 Translated aiid published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Altasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-5440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final au
9、thority. O JSA 2006 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication inay be reproduced or utilized iii any form or by any ineans, electronic or mechanical, including pliotocopying and microfilin, without permission in writing froin the piiblisher. Printed in Japan KAIAT
10、PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Z 2245 : 2005 Contents Page Introduction . 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Principle 4 Symbols . 5 Testing machine . 6 Test piece 7 Test procedure 8 Uncertainty of the results . 9 Test report Annex A (normative) HR30Tm test for thin products . Annex B (normative) Minimum thic
11、kness of the test piece in relation to the Rockwell hardness . Annex C (normative) Correction to be added to Rockwell hardness values obtained on convex cylindrical surfaces Annex D (normative) Corrections to be added to Rockwell hardness C scale values obtained on spherical test surfaces of various
12、 diameters Annex E (informative) Procedure for periodic checks of the testing machines Annex F (informative) Notes on diamond indenters Annex 1 (informative) Comparison table between JIS and corresponding International Standard . 1 1 1 1 2 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 14 15 16 17 (i PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT -,-,-
13、 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS Z 2245 : 2005 Rockwell hardness test-Test method Introduction This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the first edition of IS0 6508-1 Metullic muteriuls-Rockwell hurdness test-Purt 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) publishe
14、d in 1999 with some modifi- cations of the technical contents. The portions given sidelines or dotted underlines are the matters in which of the contents of the original International Standard have been modified. A list of modi- fications with the explanations is given in Annex 1 (informative). 1 Sc
15、ope This Standard specifies the method for Rockwell and Rockwell superfi- cial hardness tests (scales and fields of application are in accordance with table i) for metallic materials. For specific materials and/or products such as hardmetals, other specific Inter- Remarks 1 For certain materials, th
16、e fields of application may be narrower than those indicated. 2 The International Standard corresponding to this Standard is as fol- lows. In addition, symbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the contents between the relevant International Standard and JIS are IDT (identical), MOD (modi
17、fied), and NEQ (not equivalent) ac- cording to ISO/IEC Guide 21. IS0 6508-1 : 1999 Metallic materials-Rockwell hardness test- Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) (MOD) national Standards apply (for instance, IS0 3738-1 and IS0 4498-1). 2 Normative references The following st
18、andards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. The most recent edi- tions of the standards (including amendments) indicated below shall be applied. JIS B 7726 Rockwell hurdness test-Verificution of testing muchines Remarks : IS0 6508-2 : 199
19、9 Metallic materials-Rockwell hardness test-Part 2: Verification und calibration of testing machines (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N, T) is equivalent to the said standard. IS0 3738-1 Hardmetals-Rockwell hardness test (scale A L P a r t 1: Test method IS0 4498-1 Sintered metal materials, exclud
20、ing hardmetals-Determinution of apparent hardness-Part 1: Materials of essentially uniform section hardness . 3 Principle Forcing an indenter (diamond cone, steel or hardmetal ball) into the surface of a test piece in two steps under specified conditions (see clause 7). Mea- suring the permanent dep
21、th h of indentation under preliminary test force after re- moval of additional test force. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT -,-,- 2 Z 2245 : 2005 Hardness symbol (l) From the value of h and the two constant numbers N and S (see table 2, the Rockwell hardness is calculated following the formula. h Rockwell har
22、dness = N - - S Type of indenter Prelimi- Addi- Total Field of application nary test tional test force force test force Po Fi F N N N 4 Symbols (see figure i). Symbols and designations are in accordance with table 1 and table 2 HRB HRC Table 1 Ball 1.587 5 mm 98.07 882.6 980.7 20 HRB to 100 HRB Diam
23、ond cone 98.07 1373 1471 . 10 HRC to 70 HRC Scales of Rockwell hardness and Rockwell superficial hardness and related matters HRE HRF Scale Ball 3.175 mm 98.07 882.6 980.7 70 HRE to 100 HRE Ball 1.587 5 mm 98.07 490.3 588.4 60 HRF to 100 HRF A HRH HRK B C - Ball 3.175 mm 98.07 490.3 588.4 80 HRH to
24、100 HRH Ball 3.175 mm 98.07 1373 1 471 40 HRK to 100 HRK D HR30N HR45N E F Diamond cone 29.42 264.8 294.2 42 HR30N to 86 HR30N Diamond cone 29.42 411.9 441.3 20 HR45N to 77 HR45N G HR30T(2) HR45T H K Ball 1.587 5 mm 29.42 264.8 294.2 29 HR30T to 82 HR30T Ball 1.587 5 mm 29.42 411.9 441.3 10 HR45T to
25、 72 HR45T 15N 3 ON 45N - 15T 30T 45T HRA I Diamondcone I 98.07 I 490.3 I 588.4 I 20HRAto95.HRA HRD I Diamondcone I 98.07 I 882.6 I 980.7 I 40HRDto77HRD HRG I Ball 1.5875mm I 98.07 I 1373 I 1471 I 30HRGto94HRG HR15N I Diamondcone I 29.42 I 117.7 I 147.1 I 70HRlSNto94HRlSN HR15T I Ball 1.587 5 m m I 2
26、9.42 I 117.7 I 147.1 I 67HR15Tto93 HR15T Notes (l) For the scales using the ball indenters, the hardness symbol is to be completed with “S”, if the steel ball indenter is used and with “W”, if the hardmetal ball is used. The results of measurement are different between a steel ball indenter and a ha
27、rdmetal ball indenter. It is necessary, therefore, that care be given to selection of the type of indenter and the hardness symbol in hardness designation. of indentations on the back of a test piece and is in accordance with Annex A. () Applied to thin products less than 0.6 mm thickness. The HR30T
28、m test allows appearance PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT -,-,- 3 Z 2245 : 2005 N h Table 2 Symbols and designations Constant number, specific to the scale Permanent depth of indentation under preliminary test force after removal of additional test force mm I Symbol I Designation I Unit I HRA, HRC, HRD I Fo I
29、 Preliminary test force INI h Rockwell hardness = 100 - 0.002 I F i I Additional test force INI HRB, HRE, HRF, HRG, HRH, HRK I I Total test force, . F = FO +FI INI F k Rockwell hardness = 130 - - 0.002 I S I Displacement corresponds to 1 HR specific to the scale I mm I HRN, HRT h Rockwell superficia
30、l hardness = 100 - 0.001 Il 5 1 Indentation depth by preliminary force FO 2 Indentation depth by additional test force Fi 3 Elastic recovery just after removal of additional test force Fi 4 Permanent indentation depth h 5 Surface of specimen 6 Reference plane for measurement 7 Position of indenter F
31、igure 1 Rockwell hardness principle diagram The Rockwell hardness for the scales A, C and D is denoted by the symbol HR preceded by the hardness value and completed by a letter indicating the scale. Example : 59 HRC = Rockwell hardness of 59, measured on the C scale PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT -,-,- 4 Z
32、2245 : 2005 The Rockwell hardness for the scales B, E, F, G, H and K is denoted by the symbol HR preceded by the hardness value and completed by a letter indicat- ing the scale and a letter for the applied type of ball indenter (S for steel and W for hardmetal). Example : 60 HRBW = Rockwell hardness
33、 of 60, measured on the B scale with a hardmetal ball indenter The Rockwell superficial hardness for the N scale is denoted by the symbol HR preceded by the hardness value and followed by a number (representing 0.1023 corresponds to the total test force) and the letter N indicating the scale. Exampl
34、e : 70 HR3ON = Rockwell superficial hardness of 70 measured on the 30 N scale with a total test force of 294.2 N The Rockwell superficial hardness for the T scale is denoted by the symbol HR preceded by the hardness value and followed by a number (representing 0.102F corresponds to the total test fo
35、rce) and the letter T indicating the scale and followed by a letter for the applied type of the ball indenter (S for steel and W for hardme tal). Example : 40 HR30TS = Rockwell superficial hardness of 40 measured on the 30 T scale with a total test force of 294.2 N and with a steel ball indenter 5 T
36、esting machine Testing machines are as follows: a) A testing machine is capable of applying predetermined forces as shown in table 1 and in accordance with JIS B 7726. b) A conical diamond indenter is in accordance with JIS B 7726 with an angle of 120“ and radius of curvature at the tip of 0.2 mm. c
37、) A steel or hardmetal ball indenter is in accordance with JIS B 7726, with a diameter of 1.587 5 mm or 3.175 mm. d) A measuring device is in accordance with JIS B 7726. 6 Test piece Test pieces are as follows: The test shall be carried out on a surface which is smooth and even, free from oxide scal
38、e, foreign matter and, in particular, completely free from lubricants, unless specified otherwise in product or materials standards. Information : When the test is made on a special-quality test piece using a dia- mond cone indenter, a lubricant may be used to prevent the damage of the indenter. Pre
39、paration shall be carried out in such a way that any alteration of the sur- face hardness due to heat or cold-working for example, is minimized. This shall be taken into account particularly in the case of low-depth indentations. After the test, no deformation shall be visible on the surface of the
40、test piece opposite the indentation, except in case of HR30Tm (see Annex A). The minimum PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT 5 Z 2245 : 2005 thickness of the test piece or of the layer under test (see Annex B) shall be at least ten times the permanent indentation depth h for diamond indenters and fifteen times t
41、he permanent indentation depth h for ball indenters. d) For tests on convex cylindrical surfaces and spherical surfaces and corrections given in Annex C tables 1 to 4 and in Annex D table 1 shall be applied. Remarks 1 In the absence of corrections for tests on concave surfaces, tests on such surface
42、s should be the subject of special agreement. The hardness after correction shall be the hardness of a test piece. The hardness of a test Diece is given as the formula shown below. 2 . Hardness of test piece = reading + correction . 7 Test procedure Tests are carried out as follows: a) In general, t
43、he test shall be carried out at ambient temperature within the lim- its of 10 “C to 35 “C. Tests carried out under controlled conditions shall be made at a temperature of (23 k5) “C. The test piece shall be placed on a rigid support and supported in such a man- ner that the surface to be indented is
44、 in a plane normal to the axis of the in- denter and the line of the indenting force, as well as to avoid a displacement of the test piece. Products of cylindrical shape shall be suitably supported, for example, on centering V-blocks of steel with a Rockwell hardness of at least 60 HRC. Special atte
45、ntion shall be given to the correct seating bearing and alignment of the indenters, the test piece, the centering V-blocks and the speci- men holder of the testing machine since any perpendicular misalignment may result in incorrect results. b) c) Bring the indenter into contact with the test surfac
46、e and apply the preliminary test force FO without shock, vibration or oscillation. The duration of the pre- liminary test force FO shall not exceed 3 s. Information : The position of the axis of the indenter when the preliminary test force is amlied shall be that specified for each testing ma- . tio
47、n shall, as a rule, be within *5 HR of the datum position (the hardness indicator at its top position). d) Set the measuring device to its datum position and, without shock, vibration or oscillation, increase the force from Fo to F in 1 s or over to and including 8 s. Information : The following pra
48、ctical conditions are recommended. . a). In the case of Rockwell hardness test When the hard- ness test, scale C, is made on the test piece with a hardness test force shall be within 2 s to 3 s. In another case when the test piece is not used, the time of loading operation shall be within 4 s to 5 s
49、 with the total test force of 980.7 N. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT -,-,- 6 Z 2245 : 2005 b) In the case of Rockwell superficial hardness test When the hardness test. scale 30 N. is made on the test Diece of a hardness of approximately 75 HR30N, the time required for other case when the test piece is not used, the time of load- ing oDeration shall be within 5 s to 6 s w