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1、 STD-JIS Z 4OL-ENGL L999 m 4933bO 0563242 Ob5 I J IS JAPANESE I N DUSTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Guide to the rounding of numbers ICs 01.060 Descriptors : mathematical calculations, numbers, numerical designations, number Reference number : JIS Z 8401 :
2、1999 (E) representation, extraction (minerals), units of measurement Z 8401 : 1999 Foreword This translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard revised by the Minister of International Trade and Industry through deliberations at Japanese Industrial Standards Committee i
3、n accordance with the Industrial Standardization Law. Consequently JIS Z 8401 : 1961 is replaced with JIS Z 8401 : 1999. This revision has been made based on IS0 31-0 : 1992, Quantities and units-Part O : General principles, Annex B (Informative) (Guide to the rounding of numbers) for the purpose of
4、 comparing and conforming with the said International Standard. Date of Establishment: 1954-05-22 Date of Revision: 1999-05-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 1999-05-20 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Divisional Council on Basic Items JIS Z 8401 : 1999, First Eng
5、lish edition published i n 2000-05 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA2000 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise speci
6、fied, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in Japan -,-,- I Given number 1222.3 1225.1 1227.5 STD-JIS Z 8401-ENGL 1999 W 4933608
7、 0563244 938 E Rounded number 1220 1230 1230 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS Z 8401 : 1999 Guide to the rounding of numbers Introduction This Japanese Industrial Standard has been based on IS0 31-0, Quan- tities and units-Part O : General principles, Annex B (Informative) (Guide to the round- ing o
8、f numbers) without changing the technical contents. The portions underlined with dots in this Standard are the matters not included in the corresponding International Standard. 1 Scope This Standard specifies the rounding of numbers by decimal system used in manufacturing and mineral industries. Rem
9、arks : The following standard is the corresponding International Standard to this Standard: IS0 31-0 : 1992 Quantities and units-Part O : General principles, Annex B (Informative) (Guide to the rounding of num- bers) 2 Rounding of numbers a) Rounding means replacing the magnitude of a given number b
10、y another num- ber called the rounded number, selected from the sequence of integral multiples of a chosen rounding interval. Example 1 rounding interval: 0.1 integral multiples: 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, - Example 2 rounding interval: 10 integral multiples: 1210, 1220, 1230, 1240, -s. b) If there is
11、only one integral multiple nearest the given number, then that is accepted as the rounded number. Example 1 rounding interval: 0.1 I Given number I Rounded number -1 12.223 12.251 12.275 12.223 12.251 12.275 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.3 12.3 Example 2 rounding interval: 10 2 Z 8401 : 1999 c) If there ar
12、e two successive integral multiples equally near the given number, the following rule A is in use. Rule A: Example 1 rounding interval: 0.1 The even integral multiple is selected as the rounded number. Given number Rounded number 12.25 12.35 12.4 Example 2 rounding interval: 10 I G i v e n number I
13、Rounded number I 1225.0 1235.0 1220 1 240 Remarks : Rule A is generally preferable and of special advantage when treating, for example, series of measurements in such a way that the round- ing errors are minimized. Informative references 1 2 3 In the case of c), the following rule B is used some- ti
14、mes. Rule B: The higher integral multiple is selected as Example 1 rounding interval: 0.1 the rounded number. Given number Rounded number 12.25 12.35 12.4 Example 2 rounding interval: 10 Given number Rounded number 1225.0 1235.0 STD-JIS Z 8401-ENGL 1999 I 4933b08 0563246 700 = 3. Z 8401 : 1999 4 If
15、rounding interval is 10k (k is integer), the rule B is the so-called counting fractions of 5 and over as a unit and cutting away the rest. Moreover, counting fractions of 3 and over as a unit and . cutting away the rest ? and counting fractions of 8 and over as a unit and cutting away the rest that
16、is the cases of rounding interval of 5 x 10k (k is inte- gerj-are also used in some special fields. 5 In this Standard, only the positive numbers are taken as the numbers under consideration. When the nega- tive numbers are under consideration the rule shall apply only to their absolute values. . .
17、? . . . . ? . . d) Rounding in more than one stage by applying the rule A and rule B may lead to errors. It is therefore recommended always to round in one step. Example : 12.251 should be rounded to 12.3 and not first to 12.25 and then to 12.2. e) The rule A and rule B should be used only if no spe
18、cial criteria for the selection of the rounded number have to be taken into account. For instance, in cases where safety requirements or given limits have to be respected, it may be ad- visable always to round in one direction. f) The rounding interval should be indicated. -,-,- m 4933b08 0563247 b4
19、7 E r r a t a for JIS (English edition) are printed in Standardization Journal, published monthly by the Japanese Standards Association, and also provided to subscribers of JiS (English edition) in Monthly Information. Errata will be provided upon request, please contact: Standardization Promotion Department, Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN TEL. 03-3583-8002 FAX. 03-3583-0462 -,-,-