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1、AMSC N/AAREA QCIC DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TEST METHOD STANDARD DOD PREFERRED METHODS FOR ACCEPTANCE OF PRODUCT NOT MEASUREMENT SENSITIVE MIL-STD-1916 1 April 1996 MIL-STD-1916 ii F O R E W O R D 1.This Military Standard
2、is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense (DoD). 2.Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Commander, U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and
3、Engineering Center, ATTN: AMSTA-AR-EDE-S, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000, by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter. 3.DoD procurement practices encourage industry innovation and provide flexibility t
4、o achieve the benefits of continuous improvement. 4.There is an evolving industrial product quality philosophy that recognizes the need for quality policy changes that will provide defense contractors with opportunities and incentives toward improvement of product quality and cooperative relationshi
5、ps between the contractor and the Government. 5.Process controls and statistical control methods are the preferable means of preventing nonconformances, controlling quality, and generating information for improvement. An effective process control system may also be used to provide information to ass
6、ess the quality of deliverables submitted for acceptance. Suppliers are encouraged to use process control and statistical control procedures for their internal control and to submit effective process control procedures in lieu of prescribed sampling requirements to the Government for approval. 6.Sam
7、pling inspection by itself is an inefficient industrial practice for demonstrating conformance to the requirements of a contract and its technical data package. The application of sampling plans for acceptance involves both consumer and producer risks; and increased sampling is one way of reducing t
8、hese risks, but it also increases costs. Suppliers can reduce risks by employing efficient processes with appropriate process controls. To the extent that such practices are employed and are effective, risk is controlled and, consequently, inspection and testing can be reduced. 7.The following point
9、s provide the basis for this standard: a.Contractors are required to submit deliverables that conform to requirements and to generate and maintain sufficient evidence of conformance. b.Contractors are responsible for establishing their own manufacturing and process controls to produce results in acc
10、ordance with requirements. c.Contractors are expected to use recognized prevention practices such as process controls and statistical techniques. 8.This standard also provides a set of sampling plans and procedures for planning and conducting inspections to assess quality and conformance to contract
11、 requirements. This standard complies with the DoD policy of eliminating acceptable quality levels (AQLs) and associated practices within specifications. MIL-STD-1916 C O N T E N T S PARAGRAPHPAGE iii 1.SCOPE .1 1.1Scope1 1.2Applicability .1 1.3Applications1 1.4Product requirements1 1.5Limitations2
12、2.APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 3 2.1General.3 2.2Non-Government publications .3 2.3 Order of precedence 4 3.DEFINITIONS5 3.1Acronyms used in this standard .5 3.2Acceptance.5 3.3Contract quality requirements 5 3.4Critical characteristic .5 3.5Critical nonconforming unit .5 3.6Government contract quality assu
13、rance 6 3.7Inspection.6 3.8Major characteristic .6 3.9Major nonconforming unit .6 3.10Minor characteristic6 3.11Minor nonconforming unit .6 3.12Nonconformance .6 3.13Nonconforming unit 6 3.14Production inter val6 3.15Quality6 3.16Quality assurance6 3.17Quality audit.6 3.18Quality program6 3.19Screen
14、ing inspection 7 3.20Traceability.7 3.21Verification level (VL) 7 4.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.8 4.1Acceptance by contractor-proposed provisions 8 4.1.1General.8 4.1.2Requirements and procedures 8 MIL-STD-1916 C O N T E N T S PARAGRAPHPAGE iv 4.1.3Submission and incorporation 9 4.1.3.1Submission 9 4.1.3.2
15、Incorporation9 4.1.4Withdrawal of approval of alternates .9 4.2Acceptance by table s.9 4.2.1Preferred sampling plans 9 4.2.2Formation and identification of lots or batches .9 4.2.3Determination of sampling plan .10 4.2.4Sampling of lots or batches 10 4.2.4.1Selection of units .10 4.2.4.2Representati
16、ve (stratified) sampling .10 4.2.4.3Process of sampling .10 4.2.4.4Non-conforming product .10 4.3Disposition of nonconforming product11 4.4Critical characteristics .11 4.5Special reservations for critical nonconformance11 5.DETAILED REQUIREMENTS12 5.1Acceptance by contractor proposed-provisions .12
17、5.1.1Quality system plan .12 5.1.2Prevention-based quality system 12 5.1.3Process focus of quality system .12 5.1.4Objective evidence of quality system implementation and effectiveness13 5.1.4.1Examples of evidence regarding process improvement.13 5.1.4.2Examples of evidence regarding process contro
18、l 13 5.1.4.3Examples of evidence regarding product conformance.14 5.2Acceptance by tables .14 5.2.1Sampling inspection14 5.2.1.1Verification level specification .14 5.2.1.2Sampling procedures .15 5.2.1.3Switching procedures 15 5.2.1.3.1Normal to tightened15 5.2.1.3.2Tightened to normal 16 5.2.1.3.3N
19、ormal to reduced16 5.2.1.3.4Reduced to normal16 5.2.1.4Discontinuation of acceptance .16 5.2.2Preferred sampling inspection tables 17 5.2.2.1Attributes sampling plans for lot or batch inspection17 5.2.2.1.1Acceptability criterion .17 -,-,- MIL-STD-1916 C O N T E N T S PARAGRAPHPAGE v 5.2.2.2Variable
20、s sam pling plans for lot or batch inspection .17 5.2.2.2.1Limitations on use .17 5.2.2.2.2Nonconforming unit 18 5.2.2.2.3Acceptability criteria .18 5.2.2.3Continuous attributes sampling inspection plans 20 5.2.2.3.1Conditions for continuous sampling procedures .20 5.2.2.3.2Continuous sampling inspe
21、ction procedure 21 5.2.2.3.3Acceptability criterion .21 5.2.2.3.3.1Special reservation for critical nonconforming unit 21 6.NOTES22 6.1Intended use22 6.2Issue of DoDISS.22 6.3Supersession data22 6.4Subject term (keyword listing) .22 TABLE ICode letters (CL) for entry into the sampling tables .15 IIA
22、ttributes sampling plans 17 IIIVariables sampling plans .19 IVContinuous sampling plans 20 APPENDIXExamples of sampling plan use 23 FIGURE 1Attributes sampling inspection log .24 2Computations for single specification limit case.25 3Computations for double specification limit case26 4Continuous samp
23、ling inspection log .27 5Procedure to determine a valid f 28 CONCLUDING MATERIAL 29 -,-,- MIL-STD-1916 1 1 1. SCOPE 1.1 Scope. The purpose of this standard is to encourage defense contractors and other commercial organizations supplying goods and services to the U.S. Government to submit efficient a
24、nd effective process control (prevention) procedures in place of prescribed sampling requirements. The goal is to support the movement away from an AQL-based inspection (detection) strategy to implementation of an effective prevention-based strategy including a comprehensive quality system, continuo
25、us improvement and a partnership with the Government. The underlying theme is a partnership between DoD and the defense supplier, with the requisite competence of both parties, and a clear mutual benefit from processes capable of consistently high quality products and services. The objective is to c
26、reate an atmosphere where every noncompliance is an opportunity for corrective action and improvement rather than one where acceptable quality levels are the contractually sufficient goals. 1.2 Applicability. This standard, when referenced in the contract, specification, or purchase order, is applic
27、able to the prime contractor, and should be extended to subcontractors or vendor facilities. The quality plans are to be applied as specified in the contract documents, and deliverables may be submitted for acceptance if the requirements of this standard have been met. 1.3 Applications. Quality plan
28、s and procedures in this standard may be used when appropriate to assess conformance to requirements of the following: a.End items b.Components or basic materials c.Operations or services d.Materials in process e.Supplies in storage f.Maintenance operations g.Data or records h.Administrative procedu
29、res Note, use of the word “product“ throughout this standard also refers to services and other deliverables. 1.4 Product requirements. The contractor is required to submit product that meets all contract and specification requirements. The application of the quality plans or procedures of this stand
30、ard does not relieve the contractor of responsibility for meeting all contract product requirements. The contractors quality system, including manufacturing processes and quality control measures, will be established and operated to consistently produce products that meet all requirements. Absence o
31、f any inspection or process control requirement in the contract does not -,-,- MIL-STD-1916 2 2 relieve the contractor of responsibility for assuring that all products or supplies submitted to the Government for acceptance conform to all requirements of the contract. 1.5 Limitations. The sampling pl
32、ans and procedures of this standard are not intended for use with destructive tests or where product screening is not feasible or desirable. In such cases, the sampling plans to be used will be specified in the contract or product specifications. MIL-STD-1916 3 3 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 General.
33、 The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this standard or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has been made to ensure the completeness of this
34、 list, document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements documents cited in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard, whether or not they are listed. 2.2 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless ot
35、herwise specified, the issues of the documents which are DoD adopted are those listed in the issue of the DoDISS cited in the solicitation. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of documents not listed in the DoDISS are the issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 6.2). AMERICAN NATIO
36、NAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE/AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY CONTROL (ANSI/ASQC) ANSI Z1.1/ASQC B1- Guide for Quality Control Charts. ANSI Z1.2/ASQC B2- Control Chart Methods of Analyzing Data. ANSI Z1.3/ASQC B3- Control Chart Method of Controlling Quality During Production. ANSI/ASQC Q9000- Quality Managem
37、ent and Quality Assurance Standards Guidelines for Selection and Use. ANSI/ASQC Q9004- Quality Management and Quality System Elements Guidelines. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF STANDARDS (ISO) ISO 8402- Quality - Vocabulary. ISO 9000- Quality Management and Quality Assurance Standards - Guidelines fo
38、r Selection and Use. ISO 9004- Quality Management and Quality System Elements - Guidelines. (Copies of DoD adopted non-Government Standards are available to Military activities through the DoD Single Stock Point, Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19
39、111-5094. Military activities may obtain copies of non- DoD adopted documents from the sponsoring Industry Association. Non-military activities may obtain copies of non-Government standards and publications from the American Society for Quality Control, PO Box 3066, Milwaukee, WI 53201-3066 and the
40、American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, as appropriate.) MIL-STD-1916 4 4 2.3 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, how
41、ever, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. -,-,- MIL-STD-1916 5 5 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 Acronyms used in this standard. The acronyms used in this standard are defined as follows a.ACO- Administrative Contracting Officer. b.ANSI- American National Sta
42、ndards Institute. c.AQL- Acceptable Quality Level. d.ASQC- American Society for Quality Control. e.CL- Code Letter. f.DFARS- DoD Federal Acquisitions Regulation Supplement. g.DoD- Department of Defense. h.DoDISS- DoD Index of Specifications and Standards. i.DoDSSP- DoD Single Stock Point. j.FAR- Fed
43、eral Acquisitions Regulation. k.FMEA- Failure Modes and Effects Analysis. l.ISO- International Organization for Standardization. m.PCO- Procurement Contracting Officer. n.PDCA- Plan-Do-Check-Act. o.QAR- Quality Assurance Representative. p.SPC- Statistical Process Control. q.VL- Verification Level. 3
44、.2 Acceptance. The act of an authorized representative of the Government by which the Government, for itself or as agent of another, assumes ownership of existing identified supplies tendered or approves specific services rendered as partial or complete performance of the contract. (FAR 46.101) 3.3
45、Contract quality requirements. The technical requirements in the contract relating to the quality of the product or service and those contract clauses prescribing inspection, and other quality controls incumbent on the contractor, to assure that the product or service conforms to the contractual req
46、uirements. (FAR 46.101) 3.4 Critical characteristic. A characteristic that judgment and experience indicate must be met to avoid hazardous or unsafe conditions for individuals using, maintaining, or depending upon the product; or that judgment and experience indicate must be met to assure performanc
47、e of the tactical function of a major item such as a ship, aircraft, tank, missile, or space vehicle. 3.5 Critical nonconforming unit. A unit of product that fails to conform to specified requirements for one or more critical characteristics. -,-,- MIL-STD-1916 6 6 3.6 Government contract quality as
48、surance. The various functions, including inspection, performed by the Government to determine whether a contractor has fulfilled the contract obligations pertaining to quality and quantity. (FAR 46.101) 3.7 Inspection. Examining and testing supplies or services (including, when appropriate, raw mat
49、erials, components, and intermediate assemblies) to determine whether they conform to contract requirements. (FAR 46.101) 3.8 Major characteristic. A characteristic, other than critical, that must be met to avoid failure or material reduction of usability of the unit of product for intended purpose. 3.9 Major nonconforming unit. A unit of product that fails to conform to specified re