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1、r STD-JIS Z 8316-ENGL 1779 E 4733608 0562481 78T 111 JIS JAPANESE I NDUSTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association JIS Z 8316 : 1999 Technical drawings- General principles of presentation ICs 01.100.01 Descriptors : technical drawing, engineering drawings, graphic repr
2、esentation Reference number : JIS Z 8316 : 1999 (E) 12 s Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Z
3、 8316 : 1999 Foreword T h i s translation has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard revised by the Minister of International Trade and Industry through deliberations at Japanese Industrial Standards Committee in accordance with the Industrial Standardization Law. Consequently
4、JIS Z 8316 : 1984 is replaced with JIS Z 8316 : 1999. This revision has been equivalent to IS0 128 : 1982 Technical drawings- General principles of presentation except for that extra thick line was added to the types of lines, thin section can be represented with extra thick line, imaginary intersec
5、tion is represented with continuous thick line and some portions were given with dotted underlines. Date of Establishment: 1984-03-01 Date of Revision: 1999-03-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 1999-03-23 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Divisional Council on Basi
6、c Items JIS Z 8316 : 1999, First English edition published in 2000-04 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA2000 All righ
7、ts reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. Printed in Japan 1 O 1 Copyright Japanese Standards Associ
8、ation Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-JIS Z 6316-ENGL 1999 Y933608 05b2483 552 1 JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS Z 8316 : 1999
9、 Technical drawings- General principles of presentation Introduction This Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the first edition issued in 1982 of “IS0 128, Technical drawings-General principles of precenta- tiod without changing the technical contents, except for that extra thick
10、 line was added to the types of lines, thin section can be represented with extra thick line and imaginary intersection is represented with continuous thick line. The description underlined with a dotted line in this Standard is not included in the original International Standard. 1 to technical dra
11、wings following the orthographic projection methods. Scope This Standard specifies the general principles of presentation to be applied Additional standards are under preparation for other methods of representation. This Standard is intended for all kinds of technical drawings (mechanical, electrica
12、l, architectural, civil engineering, etc.). However, it is recognized that in some specific technical areas the general rules and conventions cannot adequately cover all the needs of specialized practices, and that additional rules are required which may be specified in separate standards. For these
13、 areas the general principles should however, be re- spected in order to facilitate international exchange of drawings and to ensure the co- herence of drawings in a comprehensive system relating to several technical functions. Attention has been given in this Standard to the requirements of reprodu
14、ction, in- cluding microcopying. 2 Views 2.1 Designation of views j + g View in direction a = View from the front View in direction b = View from above View in direction c = View from the left View in direction d = View from the right View in direction e = View from below View in direction f = View
15、from the rear The front view (principal view) having been chosen (see 2.4), the other customary views make with it and between themselves angles of 90“ or multiples of 90“ (see Fig. 1 ) . C - a 1 e Fig. 1 2 . 2 Relative position of views Two alternative orthographic projection methods, of Copyright
16、Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-JIS Z 8316-ENGL 1779 4733608 05b2484 Li79 m 2 2 8316 1999 equal
17、standing, can be used : - the first angle projection method (formerly referred to as method E), - the third angle projection method (formerly referred to as method A ) . Remarks 1 Each of the first angle and third angle projection methods can be used equally, for uniformity among the figures given t
18、hrough this Standard, however, those have been provided by the-thjrd_-angk- projection method. -_-_-. Informative reference : In IS0 128, the figures are provided by the first angle pro- . jection method. _ 2 The figures shown are not intended as design examples and are de- picted in the simplest fo
19、rm to illustrate the text. 2.2.1 views are arranged as follows (see Fig.2): First angle projection method With reference to the front view (a), the other The view from above (b), is placed underneath The view from below (e), is placed above The view from the left (c), is placed on the right The view
20、 from the right (d), is placed on the left The view from the rear (f) may be placed on the left, or on the right, as conven- ient. The distinguishing symbol of this method is shown in Fig. 3. BI Fig. 3 Fig. 2 2.2.2 Third angle projection method With reference to the front view (a), the other views a
21、re arranged as follows (see Fig. 4): The view from above (b), is placed above The view from below (e), is placed underneath The view from the left (c), is placed on the left Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, B
22、ernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STDBJIS Z 83Lb-ENGL L999 I 4933b 05b2485 325 6 3 Z 8316 1999 The view from the right (d), is placed on the right The view from the rear (f) may be placed on the left, or on the right,
23、as conven- ient. The distinguishing symbol of this method is shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 2.2.3 Layout of views using reference arrows In those cases where it is an advantage to position the views not according to the strict pattern of the first or the third angle projection methods, the use of reference
24、 arrows permits the various views to be freely positioned. With the exception of the principal view, each view shall be identified by a capital letter which is repeated near the arrow needed to indicate the direction of viewing for the relevant view. The designated views may be located irrespective
25、of the principal view. The capi- tal letters identifying the referenced views shall be placed either immediately below or above the relevant views. In any one drawing the references shall be placed in the same way. No other indication is necessary (see Fig. 6). A B C Fig. 6 Copyright Japanese Standa
26、rds Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 Z 8316 : 1999 2 . 3 Indication of method Where one of the methods specified in 2.
27、2.1 and 2 . 2 . 2 is being used, the said method must be indicated on the drawing by means of its distin- guishing symbol as shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 5. The symbol shall be placed in a space provided for the purpose in the title block of the drawing. For the layout of views using reference arrows spe
28、cified in 2.2.3, no distinguishing symbol is required. 2.4 Choice of views The most informative view of an object shall be used as the front or principal view. Generally, this view shows the part in the functioning position. Parts which can be used in any position should preferably be drawn in the m
29、ain position of manufacturing or mounting. When other views (including sections) are needed, these shall be selected according to the following principles : - to limit the number of views and sections to the minimum necessary and suffi- cient to fully delineate the object without ambiguity ; - to av
30、oid the need for hidden outlines and edges ; - to avoid the unnecessary repetition of detail. 2 . 5 Special views If a direction of viewing different from those shown in 2 . 1 is neces- sary, or if a view cannot be placed in its correct position using the methods shown in 2 . 2 . 1 and 2 . 2 . 2 , r
31、eference arrows as indicated in 2 . 2 . 3 shall be used for the relevant view (see Fig. 7 and Fig. 8). Whatever the direction of viewing, the capital letters referencing the views shall always be positioned normal to the direction of reading. Fig. 7 Fig. 8 2 . 6 Partial views Partial views may be wh
32、ere complete views would not improve the information to be given. The partial view shall be cut off by a continuous thin freehand line (type C) or straight lines with zigzags (type D) (see Fig. 7, Fig. 9, Fig. 10 and oth- ers). Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license w
33、ith JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD*JIS Z 3Lb-ENGL 1999 0 4933608 05b2487 LT8 5 Z 8316 : 1999 2.7 Local views Provided that the presentation is unambiguous, it gi
34、ve a local view instead of a complete view for symmetrical items. is permitted to The local view should be drawn in third angle projection, regardless of the arrangement used for the general execution of the drawing. Local views shall be drawn with continuous thick lines (type A), and shall be con-
35、Examples of local views are nected to the principal view by a center line (type Gi). shown in the Fig. 41, Fig. 42, Fig. 43 and Fig. 44. 3 Lines 3.1 used. Types of lines Only the types and thicknesses of line shown in Table 1 shall be However the extra thick line can be used as necessary. In cases w
36、here other types or thicknesses of line are used for special fields (for ex- ample electrical or pipe-work diagrams), or if the lines specified in Table 1 are used for applications other than those detailed in the right column of Table 1 the conventions adopted must be indicated in other standards o
37、r explained by notes on the drawing con- cerned. Typical applications of different types of lines are shown in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10. Informative reference : In IS0 128, only the thin and thick lines are specified. Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=
38、IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-JIS Z 83Lb-ENGL 1999 4933608 05b2488 034 M 6 Z 8316 1999 Table 1 Description Continuous thick Continuous thin (straight or curved) Continuous
39、thin freehand () Continuous thin (straight) with zigzags Dashed thick c) Dashed thin Chain thin Chain thin, thick at ends and changes of direction Chain thick Chain thin double-dashed General applications See Figs. 9 and 10, and other relevant figures Al Visible outlines A2 Visible edges A3 Imaginar
40、y lines of intersection B2 Dimension lines B3 Projection lines B4 Leader lines B5 Hatching B6 B7 Short center lines C1 Outlines of revolved sections in place Limits of partial or interrupted views and sections, if the limit is not a chain thin D1 line (see Figs. 53 and 54) El Hidden outlines E2 Hidd
41、en edges Fi Hidden outlines F2 Hidden edges GI Center lines G2 Lines of symmetry G3 Trajectories H 1 Cutting planes J1 Indication of lines or surfaces to which a special requirement applies K1 Outlines of adjacent parts K2 Alternative and extreme positions of mov- able parts K3 Centroidai lines K4 I
42、nitial outlines prior to forming (see Fig. 58) K5 Parts situated in front of the cutting plane (see Fig. 48) Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or n
43、etworking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 7 Z 8316 : 1999 I - n n Fig. 9 i Fig. 10 3.2 Thicknesses of lines Two thicknesses of line are used. The ratio of the thick to the thin line shall not be less than 2 : 1. required, however, the thickness shall be twice the thickness of thick line. In
44、 the case where extra thick line is used as Informative reference : In IS0 128, only the thin and thick lines are specified. The thickness of lines should be chosen according to the size and the type of the _-. drawing from the following range : 0.18, 0.25, 0.35, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 1.4, and 2 mm () For al
45、l views of one piece to the same scale, the thickness of the lines should be the same. Note () Owing to difficulties in certain methods of reproduction, the line thickness of 0.18 mm should be avoided. Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employ
46、ees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/15/2007 22:05:54 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STDmJIS Z 3Lb-ENGL L777 4733608 0562470 792 m 8 Z 8316 : 1999 3 . 3 Spacing of lines The minimum space between parallel lines, including hatching, should ne
47、ver be less than twice the thickness of the heaviest line. It is recommended that these spaces should never be less than 0.7 mm. 3.4 incide, the following order of priority should be observed (see Fig. i i). a) b) c) Order of priority of coinciding lines When two or more lines of different type co-
48、visible outlines and edges (continuous thick line, type A); hidden outlines and edges (dashed line, type E or F); cutting planes (chain thin line, thick at ends and changes of cutting planes, type H) ; d) e) f) center lines and lines of symmetry (chain thin line, type G); centroidal lines (chain thin double-dashed line, type K); pro