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1、 STD*NEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 b4702.47 fl52.7427 934 E STANDARDS PUBLICATION NO. XR 9 NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFA4 Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reprodu
2、ction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STDmNEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 9 6470247 0527428 870 NEMA XR 9 POWER SUPPLY GUIDELINES FOR X-RAY MACHINES Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/997254500
3、1 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STDmNEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 b470247 0527429 707 NEMA Standards Publication No. XR 9-1984 (R1994, R2000) Po wer Supply Guidelines for X-Ray Machines Published by: National Electrical Manufactur
4、ers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, VA 22209 O Copyright 2000 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary an
5、d Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted
6、 without license from IHS -,-,- STD.NEMA XR 7-ENGL 1984 6470247 0527430 429 Section 1 Section 2 Section 3 Section 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS PPge FOREWORD ii SCOPE ii REFERENCEDSTANDARDS 1 EQUIPMENT TYPES . 3 Seif-Rectified . 3 Single-phase Full-Wave . 3 Three-phase Primary-Conducting . 3 Three-phase Secon
7、dary-Conducting . 3 GENERAL . 5 DEFINITIONS . 9 CleanLine 9 Voltage SaglSurge 9 CT Generator 9 MobilePower 9 Motor Generators 9 Shore Power Calibration 9 L i n e Impedance Versus Regulation 9 TABLES Table 3-1 Power Supply Guidelines for X-Ray Equipment . 6 FIGURES Figure 3-1 Line Impedance for X-ray
8、 Installations (Power from Hospital Wye Connected Source) 7 1 Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license f
9、rom IHS -,-,- STD-NEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 b470247 0527431 3b5 XR9-1984 ( F I 1 9 8 9 Page 1 Section 1 REFERENCED STANDARDS In this publication reference is made to the standards listed below. Copies are available from the indicated sources. American National Standards Institute 11 W. 42nd Street New Yor
10、k, NY 10036 ANSI C84.1-1989 NEMA/IEC 401-1987 NFPA 70-1990* Power Systems Voltage Rating for Electric Equipment (60 Hz) Medical Elecbical Equipment-Ptrt 1, Genemi Requkments for Safety National Fire Protection Association Publications Sales Department Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA 02269 National Elec
11、trical Code Also available f r o m American National Standards inrtitute Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted withou
12、t license from IHS -,-,- STD-NEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 = 6470247 0527432 2 T l XR 9-1984 (R1989 Page i POWER SUPPLY GUIDELINES FOR X-RAY EQUIPMENT (Authorbed Erigriieeririg hfomietkn 1-11-1983) Section 2 EQUIPMENT TYPES 2.1 SELF-RECTIFIED 2.3 THREE-PHASE PRIMARY-CONDUCTING Self-rectified X-ray equipment i
13、nclude most dental equipment and lower powered medical equipment used for radiography and fluoroscopy. This equipment may be portable, mobile, or stationary. Three-phase primary-contacting X-ray equipment is used in both general and special procedure radio- graphic, fluoroscopic, and computed tomogr
14、aphy (CT) system installations in howitah. Authorized Engineering Information 8-28-1991. 2.4 THREE-PHASE SECONDARY-CONTACTING 2.2 SINGLE-PHASE FULL-WAVE Single-phase fuii-wave X-ray equipment maybe used for radiography and fluoroscopy and is usually perma- nently installed in small departments or pr
15、ivate offices. Some equipment of this class is also used in portable and mobile applications. Three-phase secondary-contacting X-ray equipment is Used in some special Procedure departments for ritdi- OWPhY, fluoroscoPY, and CT Vskms. Since the high- voltage switching tubes also regulate kV output, t
16、he input power requirements are higher than for primary- contacting machines because of the power dissipated in the tubes, Authorized Engineering Information 8-28-1991. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/
17、9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-NEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 = 6470247 0527433 L38 M xR91984 (RI989 Page 2 Section 3 GENERAL 3.1 Select the classification under the rated output columns in Table 3-1. If only the mA i
18、s known, or for kVps less than 100 kVp (as with dental and low-pow- ered units), use the mA value under the 100 kVp head- ing. For values between the listed values, use the next highest vaiue. 3 . 2 The listed specifications in Table 3-1 are for typical minimum requirements for a single generator of
19、 the specified ratings and are intended only for prelimi- nary cost estimating. Final power supply requirements should be based on the recommendations of the manu- facturer of the X-ray equipment. 3.3 Three-phase X-ray equipment frequently re- quires Wye”-connected balanced-to-ground outputs from th
20、e distribution transformer. This is particularly true of European designed or manufactured X-ray equipment. 3.4 The distribution transformer and feederbranch circuit wire sizes are designed for not more than 3 percent voltage regulation at the design capacity of the distribution transformer and not
21、more than 5 percent under the X-ray equipment load. The X-ray equipment kVA load is frequently 50 to 75 percent higher than the listed nominal kW output. Final power supply require- ments should be based on the recommendations of the manufacturer of X-ray equipment. Iuthorized Engineering Informatio
22、n 8-28-1991. 3.5 If more than one X-ray machine is to be con- nected, the capacity of the distribution transformer is usually determined fiom the requirements of the two largest units plus u) percent of that for each additional unit. Example: an X-ray department plans to include six X-ray units (com
23、monlycaiied X-ray generators), one of which requires a 1SkVA distribution transformer and each of the others 112.5-kVA distribution transformers. The two largest X-ray units require 15+ 112.5 = 262.5 kVA. The remaining four X-ray units require 4 x 112.5 x 204b = 90kVA.The totalsupplycapacityrequired
24、 for the six machines would be 262.5 + 90 = 352.5 kVA. 3.6 The wire sizes listed in Table 3-1 are for single installations. Sizes listed under the %foot run are the minimum (within the limits of standard available sizes) permitted by Article 517-73(a)( 1) of the National Elec- mcal Code. For wire ru
25、ns not iisted in the table, increase the wire size to yield the same overall resistance as that of the sizes in the table. If the supply line voltage is less than the l i s t e d nominal voltage, use the next larger wire size. All listed wire sizes assume copper wire. Discon- nect means rated at 100
26、 amperes or less require WC conductors; all others require 7SC conductors. 3.7 For feeders and overcurrent protective devices supplying two or more X-ray machines, the approximate momentary demand (current) rating may be calculated fiom the kVA rating of the distribution transformer listed in the ta
27、ble for each X-ray machine and the actual line supply wltage. The minimum feeder wire size and overcurrent device rating (see Article 517-73(a)(2) of the National Elecnical Code) is based on 50 percent of this rating for the two largest X-ray units plus u percent of the rating of each additional uni
28、t. This minimum permitted wire size is satisfactory for feeders not ex- ceeding 50 feet in length. For longer lengths, increase the wire size to yield the same overall resistance. CAUTION: For final design, use the manufacturers stated momentary current for these calculations. The actual momentary k
29、VA rating for a particular generator may be higher or lower than that of the recommended distribution transformer. 3.8 Special caution should be used when sizing pa- rameters for bi-plane installations. If the two X-ray units are designed to make simultaneous (as opposed to al- ternating) multiple e
30、xposures with rapid f i l m changers, both units must be considered as one unit. The load for the capacity of the distribution transformer and sizing feeders must be 100 percent of the value for each X-ray unit. Authorized Engineering Information 8-28-1991. 3.9 The maximum allowable momentary line v
31、oltage variation due to causes other than the X-ray equipment load should not exceed + /- 2-1/2 percent. Caution should be taken when powering X-ray equipment from the same distribution source as elevators, heating, vent- ing and air-conditioning (HVAC) and other phase con- trolled loads because of
32、potential adverse effects on the operation of the X-rayequipment. The waveform of the supply should be practically sinusoidal with less than 5 percent (3 percent for CT) total harmonic distortion and less than 1 percent frequency variation. Signais from devices that use the power line as a means of
33、distribution can be the source of problems and efforts should be undertaken to minimize such effects. Authorized Engineering Information 8-28-1991. 3.10 Dentaland mobile units requiring IS-kVA sup- ply may be used on any Class A (ANSI C84.1) line. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Associat
34、ion Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STD-NEMA XR 9-ENGL L984 b470247 0527434 074 I I XR9-1984 (R199) Page 6 3% wcecew W W b N O 0 g b m -
35、 Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- S T D O N E M A XR 9-ENGL 1984 b470247 0527435
36、TOO W xR31984 (1989 ;1 Page jl Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- STDINEMA XR 9-ENG
37、L I984 = 6470247 052743b 947 Suitable wall receptacles rated at least 15 amperes for a 15WA supply and 20 amperes for a S-kVA recom- mended supply may be used. Time lag fuses are often Utilized. 3.1 1 X-ray machine accessories vary too greatly to be separatelyiisted and in manycasesare operated from
38、 the same supply as the X-ray machine without owdoad- ing that supply. Examples are: (1) X-ray tube stator supply - single-phase l a ) volts, 0.5 kVA; to three-phase 480 volts, 5 kVA. (2) ble tiit drive-single-phase 12011ts, 15WA; to three-phase 480 volts, 15 kVA. (3) Other accessories - single-phas
39、e la) wlts to three-phase 480 volts, 15 kVA or less. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -
40、,-,- STD-NEMA XR 9-ENGL 1984 E b470247 0527437 which suggests a sound engineering approach LO future development, which standard has been approved by at least two-thirds of the members of the Subdivision eligible to vote thereon. 3. Adoptive Standard, which is adopted in whole or in part from the st
41、andards of another organization, either domestic, regional. or international, 2. Suggested Standard for Future Design, which may not have been regularly applied to a commercial product, but (Standardization Policies and Procedures, pp 7 & 16) Authorized Engineering Information Authorized Engineering
42、 Information consists of explanatory data and other engineering information of an informative character not falling within the classification of NEMA Standard or Suggested Standard for Future Design, which standard has been approved by at least two-thirds of the members of the Subdivision eligible t
43、o vote on the standard. (Standardization Policies and Procedures, pp. 7 & 16) officiai Standards Proposal An Official Standards Proposai is an official draft of a proposed standard which is formally recommended to an outside organization(s) for consideration. comment and/or approval, and which has b
44、een approved by at least 90 percent of the members of the Subdivision eligible t o vote thereon. (Standardization Poicks and Procedurtzr, pp 7 & 16) Identification of Status Standards in NEMA Standards Publications are identified in the foreword or following each standard as “NEMA Standard or “Sugge
45、sted Standard for Future Design.“ These indicate the status of the standard. These words are followed by a date which indicates when the standard was adopted in its present form by the Association. The material identified as “Authorized Engineering information“ and “Official Standards Proposal“ is d
46、esignated similarly. July 17. 1990 Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/19/2007 09:40:47 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- X-RAY IMAGING
47、 PRODUCTS SECTION OF THE NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION MEMBER COMPANIES ADAC Laboratories Advanced Instrument Development, Inc. Belmont Equipment Corpora tion Somerset,NJ 08873 Bennett X-ray Corporation Copiague, NY 11 726 Milpitas, CA 95035-7443 Meirose Park, I L 60160 Camtronics Lt
48、d. Medical Systems Hartland, WI 53029 Capintec, Inc. Pittsburgh, PA 15238 Boxadview, IL 60153 Domier Medical Systems Marietta,GA 30067 Eastman Kodak Company Continental X-ray Corporation RWhHtn, NY 14653-9105 Eigen Nevada City. CA EiMAC, Division of V. Salt Lake City, UT 84104 Elma-Schonander, Inc. Schaumburg, IL 60173-3887 Elscint, Ltd. Hackensack, NJ 07601 Eureka