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1、NF EN 10228-2 juillet 1998 Ce document est usage exclusif et non collectif des clients Saga Web. Toute mise en rseau, reproduction et rediffusion, sous quelque forme que ce soit, mme partielle, sont strictement interdites. This document is intended for the exclusive and non collective use of Saga We
2、b customers. All network exploitation, reproduction and re-dissemination,even partial, whatever the form (hardcopy or other media), is strictly prohibited. Saga Web Pour THALES CORPORATE SERVICES SAS - EPM Client 04988312 le 16/7/2009 10:05 AFNOR 1998AFNOR 19981st issue 1998-07-P AFNOR 1998 All righ
3、ts reserved FE037803ISSN 0335-3931 NF EN 10228-2 July 1998 Classification index: A 04-315-2 European standard French standard Published and distributed by Association Franaise de Normalisation (AFNOR French standard institute) 11, avenue Francis de Pressens 93571 Saint-Denis La Plaine Cedex Tel.: +
4、33 (0)1 41 62 80 00 Fax: + 33 (0)1 49 17 90 00 www.afnor.fr ICS: 77.040.20 Non-destructive testing of steel forgings Part 2 : Penetrant testing F : Essais non destructifs des pices forges en acier Partie 2 : Contrle par ressuage D : Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schmiedestken aus Stahl Teil 2 : Eindrin
5、gprfung French standard approved by decision of the Director General of AFNOR on June 5, 1998 taking effect on July 5, 1998. CorrespondenceThe European standard EN 10228-2:1998 has the status of French standard. AnalysisThis document defines the penetrant testing procedures of steel forgings. It set
6、s up the quality classes and the acceptance limits. DescriptorsTechnical International Thesaurus: forgings, steels, nondestructive tests, liquid penetrant tests, surface condition, defects, inspection, setting-up conditions, acceptability, quality classes. Modifications Corrections NF EN 10228-2:199
7、8 2 National foreword References to French standards The correspondence between the standards figuring in the clause “Normative references“ and the identical French standards is as follows: EN 473 : NF EN 473 (classification index: A 09-010) EN 571-1 : NF EN 571-1 (classification index: A 09-120-1)
8、Throughout this document, there is a reference to the series of standards CEN/TC188/WG4 which are currently being prepared. French standards having the same scope, but which will prove to be non identical, are as follows: A 09-500Non-destructive testing Penetrant testing Vocabulary. NF A 09-520Non d
9、estructive testing Penetrant testing Check of penetrant properties. NF A 09-521Non destructive testing Penetrant testing Sensitivity and application of products. NF A 09-599Non destructive testing Surface control methods (penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing.) Characterization of ultraviolet
10、 light sources. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 10228-2 May 1998 ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.85 CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 BRUSSELS 1998 CENAll rights of explo
11、itation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref. No. EN 10228-2:1998 E Descriptors:forgings, steels, non-destructive tests, liquid penetrant tests, surface condition, defects, inspection, setting-up conditions, acceptability, quality classes English version Non-d
12、estructive testing of steel forgings Part 2: Penetrant testing Essais non destructifs des pices forges en acier Partie 2: Contr?le par ressuage Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schmiedest?cken aus Stahl Teil 2: Eindringpr?fung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 December 1997. CEN members are
13、 bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to t
14、he Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same sta
15、tus as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Page 2 EN 10228-2:1998 Conten
16、ts Page Foreword . 2 1Scope 3 2Normative references . 3 3Definitions . 3 4Items for agreement . 3 5Written procedure . 3 6Personnel qualification . 4 7Testing system 4 8Stage of manufacture . 5 9Surface condition 5 10Coverage 5 11Penetrant testing process . 5 12Viewing 5 13Classification of indicati
17、ons . 6 14Recording and acceptance criteria 8 15Removal of defects 9 16Cleaning . 9 17Reporting . 9 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 28, ”Steel forgings?, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a n
18、ational standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1998. The title of the other Parts of this European Standard are: Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection Part
19、3: Ultrasonic testing of ferritic or martensitic steel forgings Part 4: Ultrasonic testing of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eur
20、opean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Page 3 EN 10228-2:1998 1Scope This Part of EN 10228 describes the method and acceptance
21、criteria to be used for the penetrant testing of steel forgings. The method described is used for the detec- tion of surface discontinuities. 2Normative references This Part of EN 10228 incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are ci
22、ted at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this Part of EN 10228 only when incorporated in by amendment or revision. For un- dated references the latest edition
23、 of the publication referred to applies. EN 473Qualification and certification of NDT personnel General prin- ciples EN 571Non-destructive testing Penetrant testing Part 1: General prin- ciples for the examination prEN 1330Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 6: Terms used in penetrant systems p
24、rEN ISO 3452 Non-destructive testing Penetrant testing Part 2: Testing of penetrant materials prEN ISO 3452 Non-destructive testing Penetrant testing Part 4: Equipment 3Definitions For the purposes of this part of EN 10228 the definitions given in prEN 1330-6 shall apply. 4Items for agreement The fo
25、llowing aspects concerning penetrant testing shall be agreed between the purchaser and the supplier at the time of enquiry and order: a)the manufacturing stage(s) at which penetrant testing is to be performed. (see clause 8); b)the surface areas to be examined. (see clause 9); c)whether testing is t
26、o be performed with colour contrast or fluorescent pene- trants (see 7.1); d)the quality class required, or the quality classes and surfaces areas to which they apply. (see clause 14); e)the applicable recording and acceptance criteria if different from those de- tailed in table 1; f)whether the tes
27、t is to be conducted in the presence of the purchaser or his representative; g)whether the written procedure must be submitted for approval by the pur- chaser. (see clause 5); 5Written procedure 5.1General Penetrant testing shall be performed in accordance with a written procedure. Where specified i
28、n the enquiry or order, the written procedure shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval prior to the examination. Page 4 EN 10228-2:1998 5.2Form The written procedure shall be one of the following: a)a product specification; b)a procedure written specifically for the application; c)this Part
29、of EN 10228 may be used if it is accompanied by examination details specific to the application. 5.3Content The written procedure shall contain the following details as a minimum require- ment: a)description of the forgings to be examined; b)reference documents; c)qualification and certification of
30、testing personnel; d)stage of manufacture at which the testing is carried out; e)surface area(s) specified in terms of the applicable quality classes; f)type of penetrant testing products used : penetrant, remover, emulsifier, devel- oper; g)surface conditions required; h)viewing conditions; i)descr
31、iption of pre-testing cleaning and drying, including cleaning materials used and minimum time allowed for drying; j)description of penetrant application, including application temperature and penetration time; k)description of excess penetrant removal and of drying before developer appli- cation; l)
32、description of developer application, including development time; m) method of marking or recording indications; n)acceptance criteria; o)whether post-cleaning is required; if so, a description of the process; p)examination report. 6Personnel qualification Personnel shall be qualified and certificat
33、ed in accordance with EN 473. 7Testing system 7.1Testing products Penetrant testing products (penetrant, emulsifier, remover and developer) shall conform to EN 571:Part 1. The combination of penetrant testing products to be used shall meet the following requirements: a)they shall conform to EN 571:P
34、art 1; b)they shall be compatible with the material to be inspected (see EN 571:Part 1 for guidance); c)they shall enable the applicable recording level (see table 1) to be achieved (see EN 571:Part 1) for the determination of sensitivity levels. Page 5 EN 10228-2:1998 7.2Equipment The equipment use
35、d shall conform to prEN ISO 3452:Part 4. NOTE: The following equipment may be used: a)Spray gun or aerosol spray. b)Immersion tank. c)Electrostatic spray gun. 7.3Function test The sensitivity of the penetrant shall be determined in accordance with prEN ISO 3452:Part 2. NOTE: The temperature of the f
36、orging should be checked to ensure that it is within the detection media manufacturers specified temperature limits. 8Stage of manufacture Where practicable, final acceptance testing shall be performed on the forging in its delivery conditions. (see clause 4.) 9Surface condition Surfaces to be teste
37、d shall be clean and free from scale, oil, grease, machining marks, paint and any other foreign matter which could adversely affect test sensi- tivity or the ability to interpret indications. The surface finish of the surfaces to be examined shall be ? 6,3 ?m Ra for quality classes 2, 3 and 4 and ?
38、12,5 ?m Ra for quality class 1. 10Coverage Where practicable, the test shall be performed in such a way that 100 % coverage of the surface to be examined is achieved. 11Penetrant testing process The penetrant testing process shall conform to EN 571:Part 1. 12Viewing 12.1General Viewing shall commenc
39、e immediately the developer is applied and shall continue periodically up to the completion of the development time, when final assessment of indications shall be made. Page 6 EN 10228-2:1998 12.2Viewing conditions Viewing conditions shall be as follows: a)Colour contrast penetrants The surface unde
40、r examination shall be viewed under white light of at least 500 lx intensity on the surface. Glare and reflections shall be avoided. NOTE: Lower levels of intensity may be agreed between purchaser and supplier. b)Fluorescent penetrants The surface under examination shall be viewed under UV-A (black
41、light) of at least 10 W/m 2 intensity on the surface. The background white light intensity shall not exceed 20 lx. Prior to the examination at least 5 min shall be allowed for the Inspectors eyes to become adapted to the reduced background lighting and the UV-A lamp shall be allowed to warm up for a
42、t least 5 minutes. 13Classification of indications The following rules shall apply (see figure 1): a)A linear indication shall be considered “isolated” when it is not aligned with any other linear indication, or when it is aligned with another linear indica- tion, but separated from it by more than
43、five times the length of the longer of the two indications considered. b)Interacting linear indications are two (or more) linear indications which are aligned, and shall be considered as one continuous length for the purpose of assessment if their separation is less than, or equal to, five times the
44、 length of the longer of the two indications considered. The length of interacting indica- tions is the length measured between the opposite ends of the two outer indi- cations. c)The cumulative length of linear indications is the sum of the lengths of all linear indications detected in the referenc
45、e surface (i.e. 148 mm ? 105 mm, or = A6 format). NOTE: A linear indication is an indication the length of which is greater than three times the width. d)A rounded indication is an indication the length of which is less than or equal to three times the width. e)False indications due to the geometry
46、of the part (change of section or slot etc.) or surface finish (scar or machining mark etc.) shall not be taken into account. Page 7 EN 10228-2:1998 Figure 1: Classification of linear indications Explanations: a)Reference surface = 148 mm ? 105 mm (i.e. A6 format). b)d1 ? 5L1; d2 ? 5L3; d3 ? 5L3. c)
47、L1, L2 and L3 = Individual lengths of interacting indications. d)Total interacting length Lg = (L1 + d1) + (L2 + d2) + L3. e)L4, L5 and L6 = lengths of isolated indications. f)Lg + L4 + L5 + L6 = cumulative length of linear indications in reference surface. g)4 = number of indications in reference s
48、urface (as identified by Lg, L4, L5 and L6), see table 1. Reference surface Isolated indications Interacting indications Page 8 EN 10228-2:1998 14Recording and acceptance criteria Four quality classes shall be applied to a forging or to parts of a forging. Quality class 4 is the most stringent, dict
49、ating the smallest recording level and the small- est acceptance standard. For forgings for general application supplied in the as- forged surface condition only, quality classes 1 and 2 are applicable. For closed die forgings, quality class 3 shall be the minimum requirement. The applicable quality class(es) shall be agreed between the purchaser and the supplier. Table 1 details recording levels and acceptance criteria to be applied for four quality classes. NOTE: Where agreed, recording levels