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1、AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS 2759/4B IssuedOCT 1984 RevisedDEC 1996 Reaffirmed JAN 2007 Superseding AMS 2759/4A Heat Treatment Austenitic Corrosion-Resistant Steel Parts 1.SCOPE: This specification, in conjunction with the general requirements for steel heat treatment covered in AMS 2759, es
2、tablishes the requirements for annealing, stress relieving, and stabilizing heat treatment of austenitic corrosion-resistant steel parts. Parts are defined in AMS 2759. 1.1Application: This specification is applicable to parts made from the following corrosion-resistant steels: 201, 202, 301, 302, 3
3、03, 304, 304L, 305, 308, 309, 309C, 310, 314, 316, 316L, 318, 321, 347, and 348 (See Table 1, Note 1). 2.APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS: The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other
4、publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. 2.1SAE Publications: Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001. AMS 2759Heat Treatment of Steel Parts, General Requirements ARP1820Chord Method of Evaluating Surface Microstructural Characteristi
5、cs AS4913Calculation of Soaking Time SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including an
6、y patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights rese
7、rved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Cana
8、da) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org RATIONALE This document has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE 5-year Review policy. AMS 2759/4BSAEAMS 2759/4B - 2 - 2.2ASTM Publications: Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor D
9、rive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM A 262Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels ASTM A 380Cleaning and Descaling Stainless Steel Parts, Equipment, and Systems ASTM E 3Preparation of Metallographic Specimens 3.TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS: 3.1Heat Treatment
10、: Shall conform to AMS 2759 and requirements specified herein. 3.2Equipment: Shall conform to AMS 2759. Furnace temperature uniformity requirements for annealing, stress relieving, and stabilizing shall be 25 F (14 C). 3.3Atmospheres: Shall be controlled to not contaminate the parts being heat treat
11、ed. Furnaces used to heat treat other classes of steel using atmospheres, which could contaminate austenitic corrosion-resistant steel parts, such as endothermic, exothermic, carbon-containing nitrogen base, etc, shall have purge cycles (See 8.2) run and then shall be tested to ensure that the surfa
12、ces of parts are not contaminated beyond the limits specified in 3.5.1. Materials which could attack or contaminate metal shall not contact parts. Composition and maintenance of salt baths shall be such as to prevent contamination of the parts. Salt baths shall be tested in accordance with AMS2759.
13、Heat treating performed in air shall be in the natural atmosphere of a muffle furnace. 3.3.1Heating Environment: Parts shall be heat treated in either air or protective atmosphere. Acceptable protective atmospheres include argon, helium, hydrogen, neutral salt, vacuum, and exothermic. Nitrogen and n
14、itrogen-hydrogen blends are permitted below 1425 F (774C). Nitrogen and nitrogen-hydrogen blends are permitted at 1425 F (774 C) or over only if 0.020inch (0.51 mm) is removed from all surfaces after heat treatment. Nitrogen and nitrogen-hydrogen blends are permitted up to 1925 F (1052 C) as a backf
15、ill quench for vacuum furnaces. Use of nitrogen from dissociated ammonia is prohibited. For scale-free or discoloration-free parts, an air atmosphere and air cooling should be avoided. 3.3.2Protective Coatings: A supplemental coating is permitted, to minimize oxidation on finished machined surfaces,
16、 when approved by the cognizant engineering organization. AMS 2759/4BSAEAMS 2759/4B - 3 - 3.4Procedure: 3.4.1Acid Cleaning: Parts shall be acid cleaned in accordance with ASTM A 380 before thermal treatment following forming with dies made from lead, kirksite, or other low-melting-temperature materi
17、als. 3.4.2Soaking: Heating shall be controlled, as described in AMS 2759, such that either the heating medium or the part temperature, as applicable, is maintained at the set temperature shown in Table 1 for the soak time shown in Table 2. Soaking shall commence when all control, indicating, and rec
18、ording thermocouples reach the specified set temperature or, if load thermocouples as defined in AMS 2759 are used, when the part temperature reaches the minimum of the furnace uniformity at the set temperature. 3.4.3Annealing, Stress Relief, and Dimensional Stabilization: Shall be accomplished by h
19、eating, soaking, and cooling as shown in Tables 1 and 2. 3.4.4Heating, stress relieving, or slow coaling of unstabilized grades, except 304L and 316L, between 875 and 1500 F (468 and 816 C) is prohibited. 3.4.5Straightening: When approved by the cognizant engineering organization, straightening shal
20、l be accomplished at ambient temperature with a post-straightening stress relief as shown in Table 1 or at the stress relieving temperature shown in Table 1 without a subsequent stress relief. For parts subject to excessive warpage, dimensional stabilization may be substituted for stress relief, whe
21、n approved by the cognizant engineering organization. 3.5Properties: 3.5.1Surface Contamination: When any surface of a part is not machined after heat treatment, the protective atmosphere or backfill medium in furnaces, for heating parts above 1350F (732C), shall be controlled not to produce carburi
22、zation or nitriding (See 3.5.1.1), and intergranular oxidation shall not exceed 0.0007inch (0.018 mm). Parts heat treated in salt baths shall be free of residual salts. 3.5.1.1Unless specifically informed that the parts will be machined all over, the heat treating processor shall process the parts a
23、s though some surfaces will not have subsequent metal removal and, therefore, shall heat treat parts using controlled atmosphere which will conform to the surface contamination requirements. Unless specified, controlled atmosphere is not required for parts with only raw material surfaces, except tho
24、se made from sheet or strip. 3.5.1.2Furnaces used exclusively to heat treat parts which will have all contamination removed shall not require testing. 3.5.2Carbide Precipitation: When using other means of cooling in accordance with Table 1, Note 2, no carbide precipitation is permitted. AMS 2759/4BS
25、AEAMS 2759/4B - 4 - 3.6Test Methods: Shall be in accordance with AMS 2759 and as follows: 3.6.1Surface Contamination: Testing shall be by metallurgical examination at 500X magnification of etched specimens prepared in accordance with ASTME 3. The chord method in ARP1820 may be used to enhance this e
26、xamination. 3.6.2Carbide Precipitation: Shall be determined in accordance with ASTM A 262. 4.QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS: The responsibility for inspection, classification of tests, sampling, approval, entries, records, and reports shall be in accordance with AMS 2759 and as specified in 4.1and 4.2
27、. 4.1Classification of Tests: The classification of acceptance, periodic, and preproduction tests shall be as specified in AMS 2759 and as specified in 4.1.1 and 4.1.2. 4.1.1Periodic Tests: Surface contamination (3.5.1) is a periodic test and shall be performed for each piece of equipment after the
28、purging of atmospheres whenever the equipment has been used previously to heat treat using atmospheres, such as endothermic, exothermic, carbon-containing nitrogen base, etc, which could contaminate austenitic corrosion-resistant steel parts. 4.1.2Preproduction Tests: Surface contamination (3.5.1) i
29、s a preproduction test and shall be performed prior to any production heat treating for each piece of equipment and type of atmosphere to be used in each furnace. Additionally, tests to determine conformance to the requirements for carbide precipitation shall be performed prior to any production hea
30、t treatment for each piece of equipment and each alternate means of cooling. 4.2Sampling: Shall be in accordance with AMS 2759 and as follows: 4.2.1Surface Contamination Testing: One or more samples shall be processed. 5.PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY: See AMS 2759. 6.ACKNOWLEDGMENT: See AMS 2759. AMS 275
31、9/4BSAEAMS 2759/4B - 5 - 7.REJECTIONS: See AMS 2759. 8.NOTES: Shall be in accordance with 8.1, 8.2, and AMS 2759. 8.1This is an editorial revision to correct publication errors in the “A” (September 1996) issue. A change bar ( l ) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in loca
32、ting areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the original (October 1984) issue of this specification. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the specification, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used
33、in original publications, nor in specifications that contain editorial changes only. 8.2Purge Cycles: Effective purge cycles can be run to remove contamination from refractory furnace linings using inert gases with small amounts of reducing agents. PREPARED UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF AMS COMMITTEE “F
34、“ AND AMEC -,-,- AMS 2759/4BSAEAMS 2759/4B - 6 - TABLE 1 - Annealing, Stress Relieving, and Dimensional Stabilizing Treatments for Austenitic Corrosion-Resistant Steel Parts TreatmentAlloy (1) Set Temperature F Set Temperature C Soaking Time Minutes Quench or Cooling Method (2) Annealing (3) (4)201,
35、 202, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310 (6) 1950 1066Table 2 Water (5) Annealing (3) (4)314, 316 (6) 2000 1093Table 2 Water (5) Annealing (3) (4)309C, 318 (6) 2000 1093Table 2 Air, Oil, Polymer, or Water (7) Annealing (3)321 1800 982Table 2 Air, Oil, Polymer, or Water (7) Annealing (3) (4)347,
36、348 1900 1038Table 2 Air, Oil, Polymer, or Water (7) Stress Relieving (3) (9) 201, 202, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310, 314, 316 (6) 1650 (8) 899 (8)Table 2 Water (5) Stress Relieving (3) (9)309C, 318, 321, 347, 348 (6) 1650 (8) 899 (8)Table 2 (9)Air, Polymer, or Water (7) Dimensional Stabil
37、izing (3) All (6) 800 (10) 427 (6)60 (11) (12) Air NOTES: 1. Includes letter designations of the same alloy, unless otherwise indicated. Examples: 302B, 303S, 303Se, 304L, 309S, 310S, 316L, etc. 2. Other means of cooling are permitted provided tests substantiate that the rate is rapid enough to prev
38、ent carbide precipitation. 3. Parts fabricated from material in a strain-hardened condition 1/4 hard, 1/2 hard, etc shall not be annealed, stress stress relieved, or dimensionally stabilized without approval of the cognizant engineering organization. 4. When specified, lower temperatures down to 180
39、0 F (982 C) may be used to maintain a fine grain size. 5. Sections under 0.10 inch (2.5 mm) thick may be air cooled or polymer quenched to minimize distortion. 6. Heat treating or slow cooling of unstabilized grades, except 304L and 316L, between 875 and 1500 F (468 and 816 C) is prohibited. 7. Sect
40、ions over 0.25 inch (6.4 mm) thick should be water quenched to minimize carbide precipitation. 8. Annealing treatment temperatures for these alloys are also permitted. 9. When stress relieving after welding is specified, hold for 30 minutes minimum at the annealing temperature followed by water quen
41、ching or 2hours minimum at the stress relieving temperature. 10. Set temperatures between 750 and 850F (399 and 454 C) are permitted. 11. Per inch (25 mm) of section thickness or diameter or fraction thereof. 12. Minimum. AMS 2759/4BSAEAMS 2759/4B - 7 - TABLE 2 - Soaking Time for Austenitic Corrosio
42、n-Resistant Steel Parts Alloy (1) Diameter or Thickness of Maximum Section (2) Inches Diameter or Thickness of Maximum Section (2) Millimeters Minimum Soaking Time(3)(4) Atmosphere Furnace Minimum Soaking Time(3)(4) Salt Bath 201, 202, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310, 314, 316 309C, 318, 321,
43、 347, 348 Up to 0.100, incl Over 0.100 to 0.250, incl Over 0.250 to 0.500, incl Over 0.500 to 1.00, incl Over 1.00 to 1.50, incl Over 1.50 to 2.00, incl Over 2.00 to 2.50, incl Over 2.50to 3.00, incl Over 3.00 Up to 0.100, incl Over 0.100 to 0.250, incl Over 0.250 to 0.500, incl Over 0.500 to 1.00,
44、incl Over 1.00 to 1.50, incl Over 1.50 to 2.00, incl Over 2.00 to 2.50, incl Over 2.50 to 3.00, incl Over 3.00 Up to 2.54, incl Over 2.54 to 6.35, incl Over 6.35 to 12.70, incl Over 12.70 to 25.4, incl Over 25.4 to 38.1, incl Over 38.1 to 50.8, incl Over 50.8 to 63.5, incl Over 63.5 to 76.2, incl Ov
45、er 76.2 Up to 2.54, incl Over 2.54 to 6.35, incl Over 6.35 to 12.70, incl Over 12.70 to 25.4, incl Over 25.4 to 38.1, incl Over 38.1 to 50.8, incl Over 50.8 to 63.5, incl Over 63.5 to 76.2, incl Over 76.2 20 minutes 25 minutes 45 minutes 1 hour, 1 hour, 15 minutes 1 hour, 30 minutes 1 hour, 45 minut
46、es 2 hours, (5) 40 minutes 45 minutes 1 hour, 5 minutes 1 hour, 20 minutes 1 hour, 35 minutes 1 hour, 50 minutes 2 hours, 5 minutes 2 hours, 20 minutes (7) 17 minutes 18 minutes 35 minutes 40 minutes 45 minutes 50 minutes 55 minutes 1 hour, (6) 37 minutes 38 minutes 55 minutes 1 hour, 1 hour, 5 minu
47、tes 1 hour, 10 minutes 1 hour, 15 minutes 1 hour, 20 minutes (8) NOTES: 1. See Table 1, Note 1. 2. Thickness is the minimum dimension of the heaviest section of a part or nested load of parts. 3. Soaking shall commence as specified in 3.4.2. 4. In all cases, the parts shall be held for sufficient ti
48、me to ensure that the center of the most massive section has reached temperature and the necessary transformation and diffusion have taken place. 5. 2-1/4 hours plus 15 minutes for every 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) or increment of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) over 3 inches (76mm). 6. 1 hour, 5 minutes, plus 5 minutes
49、for every 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) or increment of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) over 3 inches 76 mm). 7. 2 hours, 35 minutes, plus 15 minutes for every 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) or increment of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) over 3 inches (76 mm). 8. 1 hour, 25 minutes, plus 5 minutes for every 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) or increment of 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) over 3 inches (76 mm). -,