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1、 SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org AMS 3414E AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION Issued 1948-05 Revised 2007-10 Superseding AMS 3414D Flux, Aluminum Welding RATIONALE AMS 3414E is a Five Year Review and update of this specification. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This
5、 specification covers an aluminum welding flux in the form of powder. 1.2 Application This flux has been used typically for gas welding aluminum and aluminum alloys at 1150 F (621 C) and over, but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.3 Safety - Hazardous Materials While the materials, method
6、s, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of
7、any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein.
8、The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE I
9、nternational, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS 4001 Aluminum Sheet and Plate, 0.12Cu (1100-0), Annealed AMS 4006 Aluminum Alloy Sheet and Plate, 1.25Mn - 0.12Cu (3003-0), Annealed AMS 4190 Wel
10、ding Wire, Aluminum Alloy, 5.2Si (4043) Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:30:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AMS 3414E - 2 - 2.2 ASTM Publications Ava
11、ilable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM C 371 Wire-Cloth Sieve Analysis of Nonplastic Ceramic Powders ASTM D 1193 Reagent Water 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition 3.1.1 Solids Flux shall be a
12、 finely ground and uniformly blended mixture consisting primarily of chloride and fluoride salts of sodium and potassium, with other metallic salts of alkaline metals such as lithium, barium, strontium, or calcium as required to meet the required properties. Total impurities, including compounds of
13、carbon, oxygen, sulfur, iron, or silicon shall not exceed 0.15 percent. 3.1.2 Water Content Flux shall not contain more than 5% by weight of water. 3.2 Form The flux shall be supplied in the form of a powder. A slight amount of agglomeration is acceptable provided the lumps can be readily broken int
14、o a powder not coarser than the remainder of the flux. The powder shall be finer than 100 mesh, determined in accordance with ASTM C 371 except wet sieving is not applicable. 3.3 Properties Flux shall conform to the following requirements: 3.3.1 Paste Forming Ability The product, when mixed with wat
15、er or commercial grade methyl alcohol in the proportions of three parts flux powder to one liquid by weight, shall form a smooth paste free from coarse particles, which can be readily applied to metal surfaces. 3.3.2 Fusion Temperature On heating, the flux shall melt at 1050 F (566 C) or lower. On c
16、ooling from 1100 F (593 C) or higher, the flux shall remain in the liquid state until the temperature drops below 1050 F (566 C). 3.3.3 Fusion Characteristics The flux shall not intumesce or bubble excessively when heated to the fusion point and shall not produce a flame or smoke of sufficient inten
17、sity to obscure the work. The flux shall not produce toxic or suffocating fumes under normal conditions of use. 3.3.4 Flux Removability Flux should be readily removable by water at 190 F (88 C) or hotter after being subjected to welding operations. Scrubbing with a nonmetallic brush to aid in flux r
18、emoval is permitted. However, if the flux is not completely removed by the hot water, it will be acceptable if the remaining flux can be removed by immersion in any of the following solutions: a. 10% by volume solution of commercial grade 42 Be nitric acid to which not more than 0.25% by volume conc
19、entrated hydrofluoric acid has been added, for not more than 15 minutes at not higher than 100 F (38 C) Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:30:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without lice
20、nse from IHS -,-,- SAE AMS 3414E - 3 - b. 10% by volume solution of concentrated sulfuric acid in water at not higher than 150 F (66 C) for not more than 10 minutes c. up to a 50% by volume solution of 42 Be nitric acid in water at room temperature for not more than 20 minutes 3.3.5 Fluxing Ability
21、Flux shall produce joints equal to or better than the quality of the joints produced with a control flux of the composition shown in Table 1. TABLE 1 - CONTROL FLUX COMPOSITION Ingredients Percent by Weight of Solids Potassium Chloride 44 1 Sodium Chloride 30 1 Lithium Chloride 14 1 Sodium Fluoride
22、12 1 3.4 Quality Flux, as received by purchaser, shall be uniformly blended and free from foreign materials detrimental to usage of the flux. 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The supplier of flux shall supply all samples for suppliers tests and shall be responsible f
23、or the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the flux conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Solids content (3.1.1), water content (3.1.2), and
24、form (3.2) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each lot. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Paste forming ability (3.3.1), fusion temperature (3.3.2), fusion characteristics (3.3.3), flux removability (3.3.4), and fluxing ability (3.3.5) are periodic tests and shall be performed on the first lot (See 4
25、.4) and thereafter at a frequency selected by the manufacturer unless frequency of testing is specified by the cognizant engineering organization. 4.3 Sampling and Testing At least one randomly selected sample of flux from each lot. A lot shall be all flux produced in a single production run from th
26、e same batches of raw materials and presented for suppliers inspection at the same time. 4.3.1 Chemical Composition of Solids Each lot shall be tested for composition using wet chemical analysis or spectrochemical methods. In case of dispute, chemical analysis by wet chemical methods shall be the ba
27、sis for acceptance. 4.3.2 Water content shall be based on the difference in weight of a sample before and after heating to any temperature above 600 F (316 C) and 100 F (38 C) below the measured fusion temperature. 4.3.3 Form shall be tested on a sample of not less than 100 grams, taken from a rando
28、mly selected container in each lot. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:30:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AMS 3414E - 4 - 4.3.4 Fusion Temperature 4.3.
29、4.1 On Heating A sample of flux, heated in an air oven to 1050 F (566 C) in a suitable container, shall completely fuse with no evidence of unmelted flux. 4.3.4.2 On Cooling A sample of flux, heated in a suitable container to a temperature exceeding 1200 F (649 C) and cooled to 1050 F (566 C) or low
30、er, shall remain a pourable liquid. 4.3.5 Fluxing Ability 4.3.5.1 Test Materials Two sets of test panels, each set consisting of two pieces of aluminum sheet conforming to AMS 4001, AMS 4006, or equivalent, not thicker than 0.150 inch (3.81 mm), shall be used to form two square groove butt joints, e
31、ach not less than 6 inches (152 mm) long. Surfaces shall be cleaned in preparation for welding by any convenient method. The filler metal used shall conform to AMS 4190. 4.3.5.2 Flux Application For each test, both sets of test panels shall be welded. One test panel shall use the flux formulation to
32、 be tested, and the other shall use the formulation given in Table 1. Flux shall be thoroughly mixed with water or methyl alcohol to form a smooth paste, and shall be applied to both the filler metal and the face and root sides of the panels to be welded, using a swab, brush, or by dipping as applic
33、able. 4.3.5.3 Welding Each test joint shall be welded using a neutral oxyacetylene flame. The suppliers formulation shall show no more smoke and shall not obscure the work more than the flux formulation of Table 1. 4.3.5.4 Flux Removal Excess welding flux shall be promptly removed after welding by s
34、crubbing with a stiff bristle brush in water at 190 F (88 C) or warmer and/or by immersion in one of the flux removers shown in 3.3.4. 4.3.5.5 Examination The weld shall be smooth and shall fair smoothly into the base metal on both the face and root sides, and shall not show pits or undue roughness
35、on either the base metal or the weld. There shall be no slag, spatter, cracking, or visual porosity. At least three transverse metallographic cross-sections taken from the weld made with the suppliers flux shall be evaluated, and shall not show evidence of incomplete penetration or incomplete fusion
36、. There shall be no slag or gas porosity of a size greater than 20% of the base metal thickness. 4.3.6 Completeness of Flux Removal Prior to metallographic examination, the suppliers formulation test weld, after flux removal in accordance with 4.3.5.4, shall be immersed in a glass container of reage
37、nt water (See ASTM D 1193 Type IV) to which a few drops of nitric acid have been added. After soaking for not less than 30 minutes, remove the test weld and add a few drops of 5% silver nitrate to the liquid. If a white precipitate forms or if the solution becomes cloudy, the flux does not meet the
38、flux removal requirements of 3.3.4. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:30:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AMS 3414E - 5 - 4.4 Identification Supplier s
39、hall assign to the product an identification name or series of letters and/or numbers, traceable to a specific set of ingredients, methods of manufacture and manufacturing controls. If it is necessary to make any changes to the ingredients or proportions of ingredients, methods of manufacture, or to
40、 manufacturing controls, that unique name, number or series of letters and/or numbers shall be changed (See 5.1). 4.5 Reports The supplier of flux shall furnish with each shipment a report stating that the flux conforms to the specified technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase
41、order number, lot number, AMS 3414E, manufacturers identification, date of manufacture, and quantity. 4.6 Resampling and Retesting If any sample used in the above tests fails to meet the specified requirements, disposition of the flux may be based on the results of testing three additional samples f
42、or each original nonconforming sample. Failure of any retest sample to meet the specified requirements shall be cause for rejection of the flux represented. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1 Identification Each package of flux shall be permanently and legibly marked with not less than the following in
43、formation: FLUX, ALUMINUM WELDING AMS 3414E MANUFACTURERS IDENTIFICATION LOT NUMBER DATE OF MANUFACTURE DIRECTIONS FOR MIXING AND APPLICATION WEIGHT OF CONTENTS 5.2 Packaging 5.2.1 Flux shall be supplied in 4 ounce (113 g), 8 ounce (227 g), 16 ounce (453 g), or 5 pound (2.27 kg) glass or plastic con
44、tainers, as ordered. 5.2.2 A lot of flux may be packaged in small quantities and delivered under the basic lot approval provided lot identification is maintained. 5.2.3 Containers of flux shall be suitably wrapped, sealed, and boxed or otherwise packaged for protection against injury and contaminati
45、on during shipment and under normal dry storage conditions. 5.2.4 Packages of flux shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the flux to ensure carrier acc
46、eptance and safe delivery. 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A supplier shall mention this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders. 7. REJECTIONS Flux not conforming to this specification, or to modifications authorized by the cognizant engineering organ
47、ization, will be subject to rejection. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 19:30:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE AMS 3414E - 6 - 8. NOTES 8.1 A change bar
48、(|) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this specification. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the specification, includ
49、ing technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in specifications that contain editorial changes only. 8.2 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917. 8.3 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties