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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、 Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org ARP1631 REV. A AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Issued 1984-10 Revised 2007-11 Superseding ARP1631 Manufacturing Sequence for Fabrication of High-Strength Steel Parts 300M or 4340 Modified Low-Alloy Steels 270,000 psi
5、(1860 MPa) Tensile Strength and Higher RATIONALE ARP1631A results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification. 1. SCOPE This document establishes the requirements for the sequencing of processes relating to parts fabricated from 300M or 4340 modified steel heat treated to, or to be heat
6、 treated to, 270,000 psi (1860 MPa) minimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and higher. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall b
7、e the issue in effect on the date of the purchase orders. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has
8、been obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS 2300 Steel Cleanliness, Premium Aircraft-Quality, Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure
9、AMS 2401 Plating, Cadmium, Low Hydrogen Content Deposit AMS 2403 Plating, Nickel, General Purpose AMS 2406 Plating, Chromium, Hard Deposit AMS 2419 Plating, Cadmium-Titanium AMS 2423 Plating, Nickel Hard Deposit AMS 2424 Plating, Nickel Low-Stressed Deposit AMS 2426 Coating, Cadmium Vacuum Depositio
10、n Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=MHI - NAGOYA related to 3944000/3944000013 Not for Resale, 01/23/2008 21:47:15 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP1631 Revision A - 2 - AMS 2427 Aluminum Coating Ion Vapor Depos
11、ition AMS 2430 Shot Peening, Automatic AMS 2630 Inspection, Ultrasonic Product Over 0.5 inch (12.5 mm) Thick AMS 2649 Etch Inspection of High Strength Steel Parts AMS 2759/2 Heat Treatment of Low-Alloy Steel Parts Minimum Tensile Strength 220 ksi (1517 MPa) and Higher AMS 2759/9 Hydrogen Embrittleme
12、nt Relief (Baking) of Steel Parts AMS 2800 Identification, Finished Parts AMS 6257 Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing 1.6Si 0.82Cr 1.8Ni 0.40Mo 0.08V (0.40-0.44C) Consumable Electrode Vacuum Remelted Normalized and Tempered AMS 6417 Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing, 1.6Si 0.82Cr 1.8Ni 0.40Mo 0.08V Con
13、sumable Electrode Vacuum Remelted AMS 6419 Steel Bars, Forgings, and Tubing, 1.6Si 0.82Cr 1.8Ni 0.40Mo 0.08V (0.40 - 0.45C), Consumable Electrode Vacuum Remelted AMS-C-8837 Coating, Cadmium (Vacuum Deposited) AMS-QQ-C-320 Chromium Plating (Electrodeposited) AMS-S-13165 Shot Peening of Metal Parts AM
14、S-STD-2154 Inspection, Ultrasonic, Wrought Metals, Process for AS1182 Standard Machining Allowance, Aircraft-Quality and Premium Aircraft-Quality Steel Bars and Mechanical Tubing ARP4462 Barkhausen Noise Inspection for Detecting Grinding Burns in High Strength Steel Parts 2.2 ASTM Publications Avail
15、able from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19482-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E 18 Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials ASTM E 1444 Magnetic Particle Testing ASTM E 1742 Radiographic Examination 2.3 U.
16、S. Government Publications Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=MHI - N
17、AGOYA related to 3944000/3944000013 Not for Resale, 01/23/2008 21:47:15 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP1631 Revision A - 3 - 2.3.1 Federal Specifications A-A-113 Tape, Pressure Sensitive Adhesive 2.3.2 Military Specifications MIL-W-6873 Welding, Flas
18、h, Carbon and Alloy Steel 2.3.3 Military Standards MIL-STD-866 Grinding of Chrome Plated Steel and Steel Parts Heat Treated to 180,000 psi or over MIL-STD-1500 Cadium-Titanium Plating, Low Embrittlement, Electrodeposition MIL-STD-1501 Chromium Plating, Low Embrittlement, Electro-Deposition MIL-STD-2
19、219 Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications 2.4 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642- 4900, www.ansi.org. ANSI B74.13 Marking for Identifying Grinding Wheels and Other Bonded Abrasives 2.5 American Weldin
20、g Society Publications Available from American Welding Society, 2671 W. 81st Street, Hialeah, FL 33016, Tel: 305-826-6193, www.aws.org. AWS D17.1 Specification for Fusion Welding for Aerospace Applications 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Material Shall be normalized or normalized and tempered 300M or
21、4340 modified low-alloy steel conforming to AMS 6257, AMS 6417 or AMS 6419, produced by the vacuum arc remelting process and meeting the nonmetallic inclusion requirements of AMS 2300 except that the cleanliness rating shall have maximum frequency/severity rating of 0.10/0.20. 3.2 Processing Prior t
22、o Heat Treatment (Hardening and Tempering) 3.2.1 Metal Removal Surface magnetic particle indications and mill decarburization shall be removed from all surfaces. All products, other than those certified to be decarburization free, shall have minimum stock removed from all surfaces in accordance with
23、 AS1182, unless the part drawing specifically permits as-forged surfaces or “stock size“ to be used. 3.2.1.1 Tapped Holes Holes that are tapped prior to final heat treatment shall be protected during heating above 1200 F (649 C) by copper plated steel plugs. Copyright SAE International Provided by I
24、HS under license with SAELicensee=MHI - NAGOYA related to 3944000/3944000013 Not for Resale, 01/23/2008 21:47:15 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP1631 Revision A - 4 - 3.2.1.2 Deep Holes Holes, both closed and open ended, of a depth-to-diameter ratio 4
25、:1 or greater shall be protected during heating above 1200 F (649 C). This protection shall be provided just prior to putting the parts into the furnace by filling the hole with an inert atmosphere and closing the hole with tape conforming to A-A-113, Type I, Class A 3.2.2 Cleaning All organic conta
26、mination, such as grease and oil, shall be removed prior to welding and any thermal processing. 3.2.3 Welding Welding, when permitted by the part drawing, shall be performed prior to heat treatment, unless otherwise specified. Welded parts shall be stress relieved within the range 1000 to 1200 F (59
27、3 to 649 C). Unless otherwise specified, welding shall be in accordance with AWS D17.1 and/or MIL-STD-2219. 3.2.3.1 Weld Bead or Flash Removal Unless otherwise specified, the weld bead, external flash, or upset shall be removed to within 0.030 in (0.75 mm) of the part surface. The weld bead, externa
28、l flash, or upset shall not be machined or ground below the surface of the parent metal. This metal removal shall be performed before hardening heat treatment and machining marks shall be made transverse to the weld line. 3.2.3.2 Post Weld Heat Treatment Prior to hardening and tempering, all welded
29、parts shall be normalized or normalized and tempered. All heat treatments, including normalizing, hardening, and tempering, shall be performed in accordance with AMS 2759/2 and the requirements of the part drawing. 3.2.4 Copper Plating To protect from furnace atmosphere, parts may be copper plated.
30、Copper plating shall be used only in reducing atmospheres or neutral salt baths. 3.3 Heat Treatment Heat treatment, including hardening (austenitizing and oil quenching) and double tempering, shall be in accordance witih AMS 2759/2 or other heat treat procedure approved by the Coginzant Engineering
31、Organization. The temperature of subsequent tempers shall be not lower than the temperature of previous tempers. 3.3.1 Copper Plate Stripping When used, copper plating may either be stripped after the first temper or snap temper and before the final temper or, optionally, the stripping may occur aft
32、er the final temper in that case the part shall be baked in accordance with AMS 2759/9 for not less than 3 h at 375 F 10 F (191 C 6 C). Stripping shall be accomplished by immersion in hot alkaline cyanide solution or by processes approved by the cognizant engineering organization. 3.3.2 Hardness Tes
33、ting All heat treated parts shall be hardness tested in accordance with AMS 2759/2 and ASTM E 18 after final tempering. The approximate relationship between ultimate tensile strength and hardness is as follows: Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=MHI - NAGOYA r
34、elated to 3944000/3944000013 Not for Resale, 01/23/2008 21:47:15 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP1631 Revision A - 5 - TABLE 1 Ultimate Tensile Strength Hardness psi MPa HRC 270,000 275,000 280,000 290,000 300,000 310,000 1860 1895 1930 2000 2070 2140
35、 52 52.5 53 54 55 56 3.4 Post Heat Treatment (Hardening and Tempering) Processing 3.4.1 Cleaning Grease and oil shall be removed by vapor degreasing or non-electrolytic alkaline cleaning. 3.4.1.1 Surface Blasting Dry sand blasting is required after final heat treatment. Parts which are thermally str
36、ess relieved after final heat treatment do not require recleaning by sand blasting. 3.4.2 Straightening Shall only be performed when specifically authorized by the cognizant engineering organization. Straightening shall be performed on hot parts. This straightening shall be performed during temperin
37、g, after a 400 F (204 C) snap temper, or, alternately, on heated parts in the tempered condition. The straightening temperature shall be within a range of temperatures from the tempering temperature to 50 F (28 C) below the tempering temperature. Straightened parts shall be immediately retempered. P
38、arts straightened and retempered shall be hardness tested as required by 3.3.2 after the final temper. 3.4.3 Weldment Proof Testing and Inspection 3.4.3.1 Weldment Proof Testing Proof testing of weldments, when required, shall be performed on 100% of the weldments after removal of weld bead or flash
39、 and after heat treatment. 3.4.3.2 Weldment Inspection Shall be in accordance with the part drawing and the applicable welding specification after any proof testing. Magnetic particle inspection shall be in accordance with ASTM E 1444, radiographic inspection shall be in accordance with ASTM E 1742,
40、 and ultrasonic inspection shall be in accordance with AMS 2630 or AMS-STD-2154. 3.4.4 Metal Removal 3.4.4.1 Grinding Grinding after heat treatment shall be in accordance with MIL-STD-866 and Table 1 herein and is permitted only where specifically authorized by the cognizant engineering organization
41、. A grinding procedure is required for each part number. This grinding procedure shall be established and documented prior to or concurrent with grinding the first production part. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=MHI - NAGOYA related to 3944000/3944000013 N
42、ot for Resale, 01/23/2008 21:47:15 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP1631 Revision A - 6 - 3.4.4.2 Hole Drilling Before producing holes in heat treated parts, three samples of the finished hole shall be made to demonstrate a technique for producing the
43、hole that will, without overheating the part, meet hole surface finish requirements. This technique may include honing the hole after drilling. The samples shall be sectioned, nital etch inspected in accordance with AMS 2649, and examined at 500X magnification to ensure freedom from overheating as e
44、videnced by lack of untempered martensite or overtempered martensite on the hole surfaces. The tool material, configuration, feeds, speeds, coolant, and equipment used to prepare the acceptable samples shall be recorded and that procedure shall be used for fabrication of holes in production parts. 3
45、.4.4.3 Machining or Grinding Areas machined or ground in the heat treated condition shall be processed in the following sequence: 3.4.4.3.1 Remove metal (grind or machine). 3.4.4.3.2 Nital etch inspect in accordance with AMS 2649. 3.4.4.3.3 Stress relieve in accordance with AMS 2759/2 at 50 F 10 F (
46、28 C 6 C) below the part tempering temperature. This stress relief shall be accomplished before any peening, flexing, stressing, or plating of the parts. Baking for hydrogen embrittlement relief is accomplished during the stress relieving operation. 3.4.4.4 Honed Surfaces Surfaces to be honed shall
47、be magnetic particle inspected in accordance with ASTM E 1444 after machining, drilling, or grinding and prior to honing. 3.4.5 Magnetic Particle Inspection All parts shall be magnetic particle inspected in accordance with ASTM E 1444 after heat treatment, final machining, grinding, nital etch, and
48、stress relieve before honing, shot peening, or plating, whichever is performed first. 3.4.5.1 Removal of magnetic particle indications in accordance with ASTM E 1444 is permissible, providing part drawing tolerances are met and the area is reinspected in accordance with 3.4.4.3.2 and 3.4.5 and stress relieved. 3.4.6 Shot Peening All surfaces, except threads, holes less than 0.75 in (19.0 mm) in diameter, and areas exempted by the part drawing, shall be shot peened in accordance with AMS 2430 or AMS