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1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2007 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、 Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org ARP5483/4 AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Issued 2007-10 Rolling Element Test Method for Axial Limit and Fracture Load Testing RATIONALE ARP5483/4 is a conversion of the MIL-STD-2159 (which had only been issued previo
5、usly in draft form). 1. SCOPE This test method outlines the recommended procedure for performing static axial limit and ultimate load tests on rolling element bearings used in airframe applications. Bearings covered by this document shall be antifriction ball bearings and spherical roller bearings i
6、n either annular or rod end configurations. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the
7、date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 ASTM Publ
8、ications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E 4 Standard Methods of Verification of Testing Machines ASTM E 83 Method of Verification and Classification of Extensometers 2.1.2 ANSI/NCSL Publ
9、ications Available from NCSL, 1800 30th Street Suite 305B, Boulder, CO 80301-1026. ANSI/NCSL Z540-1 Calibration Laboratories and Measuring and Test Equipment- General Requirements Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale,
10、 12/04/2007 21:23:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5483/4 - 2 - 2.1.3 ISO Publications Available from International Organization for Standardization, 1, rue de Varembe, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41-22-749-01-11, www.iso.
11、org. ISO 10012 Quality Assurance Requirements for Measuring Equipment 2.2 Definitions AXIAL LIMIT LOAD: The maximum axial load which, when applied and released, does not affect the smoothness of operation of the test bearing. The load for each bearing size is specified in the applicable document. Th
12、is load is the maximum load that should be applied to the bearing in application. AXIAL STATIC FRACTURE LOAD: The axial load equal to 1.5 times the Axial Limit Load, unless otherwise specified in the applicable document. Bearings subjected to this load shall be capable of being turned by hand and sh
13、all have no fractured components. BRINELL: Permanent deformation of a bearing raceway caused by a rolling element. Brinelling occurs when a bearing is subjected to a static load which causes the stress in the ball contact area to exceed the yield stress of the material. 3. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 T
14、est Apparatus 3.1.1 Test Machine The fixture shall be mounted onto a test machine capable of applying the required load at a controlled rate. The calibration system for the machine shall conform to ANSI/NCSL Z540-1 and ISO 10012. Its accuracy shall be verified every 12 months by a method complying w
15、ith ASTM E 4. The limit and ultimate loads of the test bearing shall be within the loading range of the testing machine as defined in ASTM E 4. 3.1.2 Test Fixtures Dimensions of the test fixtures shall provide sufficient section thickness to assure rigid support of the test specimen when subjected t
16、o the fracture load. 3.1.3 Material The mounting apparatus and test plug shall be fabricated from steel and heat treated to a hardness of HRc 40 minimum. 3.1.4 Mounting Fit A clearance fit shall be employed between the test plug and the inner ring. Clearance between the fixture and the outer ring sh
17、all be 0.0000 to 0.0010 in or as specified in the applicable document. NOTE: The above approach for mounting the test bearing produces generally repeatable results by promoting stiff structural performance. The use of thin section fixtures or looser fits may result in significantly different results
18、. 3.1.5 Measuring Equipment Inspection equipment shall be capable of measuring an indentation in the inner or outer ring raceway that is 0.0005 times the rolling element diameter. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale,
19、 12/04/2007 21:23:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5483/4 - 3 - 3.2 Specimen 3.2.1 Bearings for Axial Load Tests Bearings shall be tested as received. Only new bearings shall be used. 3.2.2 Quantity The number of test specimens shall be as specified
20、 in the referencing document. 3.2.3 Disposition of Test Bearings Bearings tested per this method shall not be put into service. 4. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Axial Limit Load Test 4.1.1 Pre-Test Checks Before application of limit load, the test bearing shall be evaluated as specified in the applicabl
21、e document regarding parameters such as internal clearance, and rotational torque. These measurements are required to establish data whereby failure may be determined. This may be done with the test specimen in the fixtures. It is permissible to make evaluations in separate fixtures providing the in
22、ternal bearing clearance is not changed by mounting. 4.1.2 Testing Mount the test bearing as shown in Figure 1. The test bearing and fixtures shall be installed in a loading device such as a tensile test machine and the load gradually increased to the axial limit load specified in the applicable doc
23、ument at an even rate to reach the axial limit load in not less than 100 s. The load shall be held for not less than one minute and during this time the applied load shall not drop below the specified load. After 1 min has passed, gradually release the load at a rate 1% of the specified load per sec
24、ond. 4.1.3 Evaluation The test specimens shall be evaluated after the limit load test has been performed. The pass/fail criteria are specified in the applicable document. Typically the pass criteria is that the no-load torque shall not increase by more than 100%. Another method of evaluation is to d
25、isassemble the test bearing and measure the depth of the brinells on the inner and outer raceways. The typical passing criterion for this inspection is that the maximum depth of any brinell shall not exceed 0.0005 times the diameter of the rolling elements. 4.2 Axial Static Fracture Load 4.2.1 Pre-T
26、est Checks Before application of ulitmate load, the test bearing shall have successfully passed the limit load test. 4.2.2 Testing Using the same apparatus from 4.1.2, an axial load of 1.5 times the limit load shall be applied at a rate of 1% per second and held steady for a minimum of 1 min at full
27、 load before being released at a rate of 1% per second. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 21:23:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5483/4 - 4 - FIGURE 1
28、- SCHEMATIC FOR AXIAL LIMIT/FRACTURE LOAD TEST 4.2.3 Evaluation The tested specimen shall be removed from the fixturing and inspected for failure. The pass/fail criteria will be described in the applicable specification. The typical passing criteria are that the bearing shall be capable of being tur
29、ned by hand and that there can be no evidence of fractured bearing components when disassembled and inspected. Additionally, the bearing rings can be magnetic particle inspected to insure that there are no cracks as a result of testing. 5. NOTES 5.1 Intended Use This test method is intended to provi
30、de a means for evaluating the performance criteria of a bearing when subjected to the axial limit load and axial fracture load specified in the applicable document. 5.2 Method of Reference This test method is intended to be referenced in general and in detailed specifications, standards, and drawing
31、s for antifriction airframe bearings. Specific test and data requirements are given in the applicable document. The following note shall be used to reference this test method: NOTE: The bearings shall be tested in accordance with ARP5483/4. The slash number refers to the specific test method. Copyri
32、ght SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 21:23:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5483/4 - 5 - 5.3 Test Data 5.3.1 Test Parameters Specific test requirements are give
33、n in the applicable document. Test parameters to be recorded shall include the following as applicable: a. Blueprint dimensions for the test bearing b. Shaft and test fixture dimensions and configuration c. Axial Limit Load d. Axial Static Fracture Load 5.3.2 Data Requirements Specific requirements
34、may be called out in the applicable specification. The following data shall be recorded as a minimum: a. Initial smoothness of the test bearings b. Smoothness after Limit Load Testing c. Depth of brinells if applicable d. Freedom of rotation of test bearing after Fracture Load Testing e. Results of
35、checking for fractured components after Fracture Load Testing f. Magnetic Particle Inspection results after Fracture Load Testing if applicable 5.3.3 Test Report The recorded data shall be summarized in report form and shall contain the following: 5.3.3.1 Bearing Description a. Bearing part number b
36、. Lot identification number c. Manufacturers identification d. Dated drawing completely describing the test bearing including the dimensions and materials 5.3.3.2 Test Equipment Description a. Model number of loading machine b. Serial number of loading machine c. Calibration date d. Description of f
37、ixtures or drawing/photograph Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 21:23:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- SAE ARP5483/4 - 6 - 5.3.3.3 Measuring Equipment Descrip
38、tion a. Model number b. Serial number c. Calibration date 5.3.3.4 Test Procedures and Results a. Procedure followed b. Data sheets c. All inspection results d. Any test malfunctions or interruptions and explanations. e. Certification of the data presented and that no data has been omitted. 5.4 Keywo
39、rd Listings Bearing tests; loads, axial limit; loads, axial fracture; airframe bearings PREPARED BY THE SAE AIRFRAME CONTROL BEARINGS GROUP Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAELicensee=Defense Supply Ctr/5913977001 Not for Resale, 12/04/2007 21:23:59 MSTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-