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1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefr
2、om, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243 TO PLACE A DOCU
3、MENT ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790 SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.org Copyright 1994 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.Printed in U.S.A. SURFACE VEHICLE 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 STANDARD Submitted for recognition as an American National Sta
4、ndard J3046-1 ISSUED Issued1994-11 RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINESPERFORMANCE PART 1: STANDARD REFERENCE CONDITIONS, DECLARATIONS OF POWER, FUEL AND LUBRICATING OIL CONSUMPTIONS, AND TEST METHODS ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
5、national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Inte
6、rnational organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical com
7、mittees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 3046-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 70, Internal combustion engines, Subcommittee SC 2, Per
8、formance and tests. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 3046-1:1986), ISO 3046-2:1987, and ISO 3046- 1:1986/Amd. 1:1987. A method of power correction (see clause 14) has been added. ISO 3046 consists of the following parts, under the general title Reciprocating internal c
9、ombustion engines Performance: Part 1: Standard reference conditions, declarations of power, fuel and lubricating oil consumptions, and test methods Part 3: Test measurements Part 4: Speed governing Part 5: Torsional vibrations Part 6: Overspeed protection Part 7: Codes for engine power Appendices A
10、, B, C, D, E, and F of this part of ISO 3046 are for information only. The standard reference conditions defined in this edition of ISO 3046-1 were first introduced in the third edition (ISO 3046-1:1986). The 5-year transition period, which permitted the use of ISO 3046-1:1981 conditions, expired at
11、 the end of 1991. Users of this part of ISO 3046 are therefore now required to adopt the values quoted in clause 6. SAE J3046-1 Issued -2- TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.Scope4 2.References4 2.1Applicable Publications.4 2.1.1ISO Publications .4 3.Definitions.5 3.1Auxiliary 5 3.1.1Dependent Auxiliary5 3.1.2Inde
12、pendent Auxiliary .5 3.1.3Essential Auxiliary.5 3.1.4Nonessential Auxiliary 5 3.2Engine.5 3.2.1Engine Adjustment5 3.2.2Nonadjusted Engine .5 3.2.3Engine Speed .5 3.2.4Declared Engine Speed5 3.3Power and Load5 3.3.1Declared Power.5 3.3.2Indicated Power 5 3.3.3Brake Power5 3.3.4Continuous Power.5 3.3.
13、5Overload Power 5 3.3.6Fuel Stop Power6 3.3.7ISO Power.6 3.3.8ISO Standard Power.6 3.3.9Service Power.6 3.3.10Service Standard Power .6 3.3.11Power Adjustment.6 3.3.12Power Correction 6 3.3.13Load6 3.4Consumption and Delivery7 3.4.1Fuel Consumption.7 3.4.2Specific Fuel Consumption.7 3.4.3ISO Specifi
14、c Fuel Consumption7 3.4.4Fuel Delivery.7 3.4.5Specific Fuel Delivery .7 3.4.6Lubricating Oil Consumption.7 3.5Tests7 3.5.1Acceptance Test7 3.5.2Type Test.7 3.5.3Special Test.7 4.Symbols7 5.Other Regulations and Additional Requirements7 6.Standard Reference Conditions9 7.Auxiliaries9 SAE J3046-1 Issu
15、ed -3- 8.Declarations of Power.10 8.1General.10 8.1.1Purpose of Statement of Power10 8.1.2Power and Torque.11 8.1.3Engine With Integral Gearing11 8.2Types of Power11 8.3Types of Power Application.11 8.4Types of Statement of Power12 9.Declarations of Fuel Consumption12 9.1Fuel Consumption.12 9.2Calor
16、ific Value of Fuels.12 9.2.1Liquid-Fuel Engines12 9.2.2Gas Engines .12 9.3Specific Fuel Consumption Declarations12 10.Declarations of Lubricating Oil Consumption13 11.Information to be Supplied by the Customer.13 12.Information to be Supplied by the Engine Manufacturer.13 13.Methods of Power Adjustm
17、ent and Specific Fuel Consumption Recalculation.15 13.1General.15 13.2Application 15 13.3Adjustment of Power for Ambient Conditions15 13.4Recalculation of Fuel Consumption for Test or Site Ambient Conditions for Adjusted Engines17 14.Method of Power Correction .18 14.1Correction Factor a for Natural
18、ly Aspirated and Pressure-Charged Spark-Ignition Engines 18 14.2Correction Factor c for Compression-Ignition Engines .19 14.2.1Atmospheric Factor, fa19 14.2.2Engine Factor, fa.19 14.3Other Types of Engine 20 15.Test Methods.20 15.1Designation of Tests20 15.2Extent of Tests 20 15.3Measurement Techniq
19、ues.21 15.4Test Condition.21 15.5Test Procedures24 15.5.1Acceptance Tests24 15.5.2Type Tests.25 15.5.3Special Tests.25 15.6Power Adjustment, Specific Fuel Consumption Recalculation, and Power Correction.26 15.6.1Adjusted Engines26 15.6.2Nonadjusted Engines (Preset Engines)27 16.Test Report .27 SAE J
20、3046-1 Issued -4- APPENDIX AEXAMPLES OF AUXILIARIES WHICH MAY BE FITTED 29 APPENDIX BTABLES FOR DETERMINATION OF WATER VAPOR PRESSURE, RATIOS, AND FACTORS30 APPENDIX CEXAMPLES OF POWER ADJUSTMENT AND SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTION RECALCULATION FROM STANDARD REFERENCE CONDITIONS OR SUBSTITUTE REFERENCE C
21、ONDITIONS TO SITE AMBIENT CONDITIONS.37 APPENDIX DEXAMPLES OF POWER CORRECTION FOR NONADJUSTED ENGINES (PRESET ENGINES)40 APPENDIX EEXAMPLE OF POWER ADJUSTMENT FROM SITE AMBIENT CONDITIONS TO TEST AMBIENT CONDITIONS AND SIMULATION OF SITE AMBIENT CONDITIONS FOR ADJUSTED ENGINES44 1.ScopeThis part of
22、 ISO 3046 specifies standard reference conditions and methods of declaring the power, fuel consumption, lubricating oil consumption, and test methods for reciprocating internal combustion (RIC) engines in commercial production using liquid or gaseous fuels. Where necessary, individual requirements a
23、re given for particular engine applications. This part of ISO 3046 covers RIC engines for land, rail-traction, and marine use, excluding engines used to propel agricultural tractors, road vehicles, and aircraft. This part of ISO 3046 may be applied to engines used to propel road construction and ear
24、thmoving machines, industrial trucks, and for other applications where no suitable International Standard for these engines exists. This part of ISO 3046 may be applied to tests on a test bed at the manufacturers works and to tests on site (see 15.4.4). 2.References 2.1Applicable PublicationsThe fol
25、lowing publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of the publications shall apply. 2.1.1ISO PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002. ISO 1204Reciprocating internal combustion enginesDesignation of the directio
26、n of rotation and of cylinders and valves in cylinder heads, and definition of right-hand and left-hand in-line engines and locations on an engine ISO 1585Road vehiclesEngine test codeNet power ISO 2710:1978Reciprocating internal combustion enginesVocabulary ISO 2710/Add. 1Addendum 1: Symbols ISO 30
27、46-3Reciprocating internal combustion enginesPerformancePart 3: Test measurements ISO 3046-4Reciprocating internal combustion enginesPerformancePart 4: Speed governing ISO 3046-5Reciprocating internal combustion enginesPerformancePart 5: Torsional vibrations ISO 3046-6Reciprocating internal combusti
28、on enginesPerformancePart 6: Overspeed protection ISO 3046-7Reciprocating internal combustion enginesPerformancePart 7: Codes for engine power ISO 7876-1:1990Fuel injection equipmentVocabularyPart 1: Fuel injection pumps ISO 8528-1Reciprocating internal combustion engine driven alternating current g
29、enerating setsPart 1: Application, ratings and performance SAE J3046-1 Issued -5- 3.DefinitionsFor the purposes of this part of ISO 3046, the following definitions apply. For the convenience of users of this part of ISO 3046, some definitions are quoted from ISO 2710 and ISO 7876-1. 3.1Auxiliary 3.1
30、.1DEPENDENT AUXILIARYItem of equipment, the presence or absence of which affects the final shaft output of the engine. 3.1.2INDEPENDENT AUXILIARYItem of equipment which uses power supplied from a source other than the engine. 3.1.3ESSENTIAL AUXILIARYItem of equipment which is essential for the conti
31、nued or repeated operation of the engine. 3.1.4NONESSENTIAL AUXILIARYItem of equipment which is not essential for the continued or repeated operation of the engine. 3.2Engine 3.2.1ENGINE ADJUSTMENTPhysical procedure of modifying an engine for the purpose of adapting it to a different set of ambient
32、conditions, such as by moving limiting fuel stop, rematching the turbocharger, changing the fuel injection timing or other mechanical changes. In that case the engine is an adjusted engine (see 3.3.11). 3.2.2NONADJUSTED ENGINEEngine which is preset so that no physical procedure of modifying the engi
33、ne for the purpose of adapting it to a different set of ambient conditions is carried out. 3.2.3ENGINE SPEEDThe number of revolutions of the crankshaft in a given period of time. ISO 2710:1978, 10.2.1 3.2.4DECLARED ENGINE SPEEDThe engine speed corresponding to the declared power. NOTE 1In some appli
34、cations, the declared engine speed is named “rated speed.“ 3.3Power and Load 3.3.1DECLARED POWERThe value of the power, declared by the manufacturer, which an engine will deliver under a given set of circumstances. NOTE 2In some applications, the declared power is named “rated power.“ 3.3.2INDICATED
35、 POWERThe total power developed in the working cylinders as a result of the pressure of the working medium acting on the pistons. ISO 2710:1978, 10.3.1 3.3.3BRAKE POWERThe power or the sum of the powers measured at the driving shaft or shafts. ISO 2710:1978, 10.3.2 3.3.4CONTINUOUS POWERThe power whi
36、ch an engine is capable of delivering continuously, between the normal maintenance intervals stated by the manufacturer, at the stated speed and under stated ambient conditions, the maintenance prescribed by the manufacturer being carried out. 3.3.5OVERLOAD POWERThe power which an engine may be perm
37、itted to deliver, with a duration and frequency of use depending on the service application, at stated ambient conditions, immediately after operating at the continuous power. SAE J3046-1 Issued -6- 3.3.6FUEL STOP POWERThe power which an engine is capable of delivering during a stated period corresp
38、onding to its application, and stated speed and under stated ambient conditions, with the fuel limited so that this power cannot be exceeded. 3.3.7ISO POWERThe power determined under the operating conditions of the manufacturers test bed and adjusted or corrected as determined by the manufacturer to
39、 the standard reference conditions specified in Section 6. 3.3.8ISO STANDARD POWERThe continuous brake power which the engine manufacturer declares that an engine is capable of delivering using only the essential dependent auxiliaries, between the normal maintenance intervals stated by the manufactu
40、rer, and under the following conditions. a.At a stated speed at the operating conditions of the engine manufacturers test bed b.With the declared power adjusted or corrected as determined by the manufacturer to the standard reference conditions specified in Section 6 c.With the maintenance prescribe
41、d by the engine manufacturer being carried out 3.3.9SERVICE POWERThe power delivered under the ambient and operating conditions of an engine application. 3.3.10SERVICE STANDARD POWERThe name given to the continuous brake power which the engine manufacturer declares that an engine is capable of deliv
42、ering, using only the essential dependent auxiliaries, between the normal maintenance intervals stated by the manufacturer and under the following conditions: a.At a stated speed at the ambient and operating conditions of the engine application b.With the declared power adjusted or corrected as dete
43、rmined by the manufacturer to the stated ambient and operating conditions of the engine application c.With the maintenance prescribed by the engine manufacturer being carried out 3.3.11POWER ADJUSTMENTCalculation procedure by which a power value under one set of ambient conditions is modified to rep
44、resent the power value expected under another set of ambient conditions, to maintain approximately constant thermal and/or mechanical load in critical engine components (see Section 13). 3.3.12POWER CORRECTIONCalculation procedure by which a power value determined under engine test conditions is mod
45、ified so that it represents the power value expected under other operating or reference conditions without any engine adjustment. In that case, the power and performance parameters may vary as a function of ambient conditions (see Section 14). 3.3.13LOADA general term describing the magnitude of the
46、 “power“ or “torque“ demanded from the engine by its driven machinery and usually expressed relative to a declared power or torque. NOTE 3For quantitative purposes, the terms “power“ or “torque“ should be used, instead of “load,“ together with a statement of speed. ISO 2710:1978, 10.3.4 SAE J3046-1
47、Issued -7- 3.4Consumption and Delivery 3.4.1FUEL CONSUMPTIONThe quantity of fuel consumed by an engine per unit of time at a stated power and under stated ambient conditions. 3.4.2SPECIFIC FUEL CONSUMPTIONThe quantity of fuel consumed by an engine per unit of power and time. 3.4.3ISO SPECIFIC FUEL C
48、ONSUMPTIONThe name given to the specific fuel consumption at the ISO standard power. 3.4.4FUEL DELIVERYMetered volume (mass) of fuel delivered by a fuel injection system during one working cycle. ISO 7876-1:1990, 10.24 3.4.5SPECIFIC FUEL DELIVERYMetered volume (mass) of fuel delivered by a fuel-inje
49、ction system during one working cycle per liter of engine swept volume. 3.4.6LUBRICATING OIL CONSUMPTIONThe quantity of lubricating oil consumed by an engine per unit of time. ISO 2710:1978, 10.4.3 3.5Tests 3.5.1ACCEPTANCE TESTTest carried out as an overall check on the manufacturing quality, and to establish that the contractual commitments have been fulfilled. 3.5.2TYPE TESTTest carried out on a representative engine of a certain engine type to establish the main performance data of the engine and, as far a