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1、 TIA STANDARD Land Mobile FM or PM - Communications Equipment - Measurement and Performance Standards TIA-603-C (Revision of TIA-603-B) DECEMBER 2004 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Representing the telecommunications industry in association with the Electronic Industries Alliance ANSI/TIA-6
2、03-C-2004 Approved: August 17, 2004 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in sele
3、cting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular need. The existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither sh
4、all the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use by Non-TIA members, either domestically or internationally. Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not
5、assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatever to parties adopting the Standard or Publication. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user
6、of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Standards Proposal No. 3-4231-RV3, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-8.1 Subcommittee on Equipment Measurement Procedures.) Published b
7、y TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION 2004 Standards and Technology Department 2500 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, VA 22201 U.S.A. PRICE: Please refer to current Catalog of TIA TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION STANDARDS AND ENGINEERING PUBLICATIONS or call Global Engineering Documents, USA a
8、nd Canada (1-800-854-7179) International (303-397-7956) or search online at http:/www.tiaonline.org/standards/search_n_order.cfm All rights reserved Printed in U.S.A. NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT This document is copyrighted by the TIA. Reproduction of these documents either in hard copy or soft copy (includ
9、ing posting on the web) is prohibited without copyright permission. For copyright permission to reproduce portions of this document, please contact TIA Standards Department or go to the TIA website (www.tiaonline.org) for details on how to request permission. Details are located at: http:/www.tiaonl
10、ine.org/about/faqDetail.cfm?id=18 OR Telecommunications Industry Association Standards (b) there is no assurance that the Document will be approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards develo
11、pment or any editing process. The use or practice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual property rights (“IPR”), including pending or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes no search or investigation for IPR. When IPR consisting of patents a
12、nd published pending patent applications are claimed and called to TIAs attention, a statement from the holder thereof is requested, all in accordance with the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to, and disclaims any obligation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any c
13、laims of IPR. TIA will neither be a party to discussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead left to the parties involved, nor will TIA opine or judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant or represent that proce
14、dures or practices suggested or provided in the Manual have been complied with as respects the Document or its contents. TIA does not enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test or otherwise investigate products, designs or services or any cla
15、ims of compliance with the contents of the Document. ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS OR APPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND ITS NON- INFR
16、INGEMENT OF ANY THIRD PARTYS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENTS COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HEALTH EFFEC
17、TS OF THE CONTENTS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODUCED OR RENDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS. TIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY AN
18、D ALL INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY
19、OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. -,-,- TIA-603-C i TR-8.0 wishes to dedicate TIA/EIA-603 to the memory of Charles Willyard, who provided the requis
20、ite leadership during the formative stages of this effort. Charlies standards contributions extended well beyond this document, encompassing its predecessors and other worldwide activities throughout most of his working and retirement years. Charlies standards statesmanship merits emulation and his
21、experience, expertise, and perspective will be missed. -,-,- TIA-603-C ii Foreword This foreword is not part of this document. TIA/EIA-603-C is a Recommended Standard developed and maintained by the TR-8 Committee on Private Radio Systems and its subcommittees under the sponsorship of the Telecommun
22、ications Industry Association. This Standard represents the consensus of the formulating subcommittees at the time of publication. This Standard replaces TIA/EIA-603-B, which was originally published in November 2002. Primarily, methods of measurement and standards have been developed to meet the re
23、quirements of the FCC for receiver power line conducted spurious output voltage. -,-,- TIA-603-C iii Contents 1 INTRODUCTION1 1.1 Scope.1 1.2 Object1 1.2.1 Required Performance Standards .2 1.2.2 Performance Standards2 1.3 Standard Definitions.2 1.3.1 Definitions of Physical Values2 1.3.2 Common Def
24、initions.2 1.3.2.1 Standard Continuous Duty Cycle for Mobile and Base Equipment2 1.3.2.2 Standard Intermittent Duty Cycle for Mobile and Base Equipment.3 1.3.2.3 Standard Duty Cycle for Portable Equipment3 1.3.3 Definitions for Receivers3 1.3.3.1 Input Signal Level for Testing Receivers With Suitabl
25、e Antenna Terminals.3 1.3.3.2 Standard Input Signal4 1.3.3.3 Standard Input Signal Level4 1.3.3.4 Standard Input Signal Frequency4 1.3.3.5 Standard Modulation of an Input Signal.4 1.3.3.6 De-emphasis4 1.3.3.7 Squelch Condition.4 1.3.3.8 User Accessible Squelch.5 1.3.3.9 Rated Audio Frequency Output
26、Power.5 1.3.3.10 Audio Frequency Output Load.5 1.3.3.11 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINAD)5 1.3.3.12 Standard Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SINAD)6 1.3.4 Definitions for Transmitters6 1.3.4.1 Standard Transmitter Load6 1.3.4.2 Standard Test Modulation.6 1.3.4.3 Pre-emphasis6 1.3.4.4 Rated System Deviations, Aut
27、horized Bandwidths and Test Bandwidths7 1.3.5 Definitions for Subaudible Signaling.8 1.3.5.1 Subaudible Signaling Systems8 1.3.5.2 CTCSS Code Frequencies.9 1.3.5.3 Standard CTCSS Modulation.9 1.3.5.4 CTCSS Reverse Burst.10 1.3.5.5 CDCSS Data Rate .10 1.3.5.6 CDCSS Audio Turn Off Code10 1.3.5.7 CDCSS
28、 Code Words.10 1.3.5.8 Standard CDCSS Modulation.12 1.3.5.9 CDCSS Modulation Sense13 1.3.6 Definitions for Environmental Testing.13 1.3.6.1 Degradation From Standard (DFS).13 1.4 Standard Test Conditions.13 1.4.1 Basic Equipment Under Test13 1.4.2 Associated Equipment.14 -,-,- TIA-603-C iv 1.4.3 Spe
29、cial Function Subsystems14 1.4.4 Standard Conditions for the Power Supply14 1.4.4.1 General.14 1.4.4.2 Default Standard Test Voltages for Battery Chemistry Types14 1.4.4.3 Standard Test Voltage for Equipment Powered by Integral Batteries.15 1.4.4.4 Standard Test Voltage for Equipment Powered by Exte
30、rnal Batteries.16 1.4.4.5 Other Power Sources.16 1.4.4.6 Standard AC Voltage and Frequency.17 1.4.5 Standard Atmospheric Conditions17 1.5 Characteristics of Test Equipment.17 1.5.1 Distortion, SINAD, and Audio Frequency Level Meter18 1.5.2 RF Signal Generators18 1.5.3 Digital Multimeter.19 1.5.4 RF
31、Power Meter19 1.5.5 Spectrum Analyzer20 1.5.6 Audio Spectrum Analyzer.20 1.5.7 Test Receiver.21 1.5.8 Adjacent Channel Power Measuring Receiver22 1.5.9 Audio Frequency Load25 1.5.10 RF Counter 25 1.5.11 Oscilloscope.25 1.5.12 RF Attenuator26 1.5.13 Audio Frequency Signal Generator26 1.5.14 Sound Lev
32、el Meter26 1.5.15 RF Detector26 1.5.16 Directional Coupler.27 1.5.17 50 Ohm Termination.27 1.5.18 TX Key Control.27 1.5.19 RF Switch27 1.5.20 Dummy Microphone.28 1.5.21 RF Combining Network28 1.5.22 Impulse Generator.28 1.5.23 CTCSS/CDCSS Signal Generator29 1.5.24 Notch Filter29 1.5.25 Lumped Consta
33、nt Line Stretcher (LCLS)30 1.5.26 Constant Impedance Line Stretcher (CILS).30 1.5.27 Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN).31 1.5.28 Variable dc Power Supply 31 1.5.29 Variable ac Power Supply.31 1.5.30 Standard Radiation Test Site (3 meter).32 1.5.31 Standard Radiation Test Site (30 meter) 32
34、 1.5.32 Acoustic Chamber.33 1.5.33 Adjacent Channel Power Analyzer.33 1.5.34 Modulation Domain Analyzer34 1.5.35 Signal Preamplifier34 1.5.36 Gigahertz Transverse Electromagnetic Cell (GTEM).35 1.5.37 RF Anechoic Chamber36 -,-,- TIA-603-C v 2 METHODS OF MEASUREMENT37 2.1 Methods of Measurement for R
35、eceivers37 2.1.1 Radiated Spurious Output Power37 2.1.2 Conducted Spurious Output Power40 2.1.3 Power Line Conducted Spurious Output Voltage41 2.1.4 Reference Sensitivity.42 2.1.5 Signal Displacement Bandwidth.43 2.1.6 Adjacent Channel Rejection.44 2.1.7 Offset Channel Selectivity45 2.1.8 Spurious R
36、esponse Rejection46 2.1.9 Intermodulation Rejection.48 2.1.10 Audio Frequency Response49 2.1.11 Hum and Noise Ratio50 2.1.12 Audio Distortion51 2.1.13 Audio Squelch Sensitivity.52 2.1.14 Squelch Blocking54 2.1.15 Receiver Attack Time .54 2.1.16 Receiver Closing Time55 2.1.17 Audio Sensitivity.56 2.1
37、.18 Impulse Blanking Effectiveness.57 2.1.19 Average Radiation Sensitivity58 2.1.20 Acoustic Audio Output.60 2.1.21 Blocking Rejection60 2.1.22 Receiver Opening Time After PTT62 2.2 Methods of Measurement for Transmitters.64 2.2.1 Conducted Carrier Output Power Rating.64 2.2.2 Carrier Frequency Stab
38、ility.65 2.2.3 Modulation Limiting.66 2.2.4 Carrier Attack Time 67 2.2.5 Audio Sensitivity.67 2.2.6 Audio Frequency Response68 2.2.7 Audio Distortion71 2.2.8 FM Hum and Noise Ratio.71 2.2.9 AM Hum and Noise Ratio72 2.2.10 Acoustic Microphone Sensitivity.73 2.2.11 Sideband Spectrum75 2.2.12 Unwanted
39、Emissions: Radiated Spurious 77 2.2.13 Unwanted Emissions: Conducted Spurious.83 2.2.14 Unwanted Emissions: Adjacent Channel Power Ratio85 2.2.15 Audio Low Pass Filter Response89 2.2.16 Intermodulation Attenuation.90 2.2.17 Radiated Power Output.91 2.2.18 Transmitter Stability into VSWR.95 2.2.19 Tr
40、ansient Frequency Behavior97 2.3 Methods of Measurement for Unit Characteristics.102 2.3.1 Power Supply Voltage Range.102 2.3.2 Temperature Range.102 2.3.3 High Humidity.103 2.3.4 Vibration Stability.104 TIA-603-C vi 2.3.5 Shock Stability.104 2.3.6 DC Supply Noise Susceptibility.105 2.3.7 Battery Li
41、fe105 2.3.8 Dimensions106 2.3.9 Weight106 2.4 Methods of Measurement for Subaudible Signaling.108 2.4.1 Squelch Opening SINAD108 2.4.2 Receiver Audio Attack Time109 2.4.3 Receiver Audio Closing Time110 2.4.4 Receiver Audio Attack Time with RF Carrier Frequency Offset .111 2.4.5 Receiver Hum and Nois
42、e Ratio112 2.4.6 CTCSS Decoder Response Bandwidth113 2.4.7 False Response Rate114 2.4.8 Receiver Audio Response.115 2.4.9 Squelch Tail Elimination 116 2.4.10 Transmitter Modulation Limiting.117 2.4.11 Encoder Response Time118 2.4.12 CTCSS Encoder Frequency119 2.4.13 CTCSS Tone Distortion120 2.4.14 T
43、ransmitter SINAD.121 2.4.15 CDCSS Waveform Distortion122 2.4.16 Transmitter FM Hum and Noise Ratio.123 2.4.17 Transmitter Subaudible Deviation124 2.4.18 Transmitter Squelch Tail Elimination Burst125 3 Standards for All Equipment127 3.1 Standards for Receivers128 3.1.1 Radiated Spurious Output Power
44、(Per 47 CFR 15.109)128 3.1.2 Conducted Spurious Output Power (Per 47 CFR 15.111).129 3.1.3 Power Line Conducted Spurious Output Voltage (Per 47 CFR 15.107)129 3.1.4 Reference Sensitivity.129 3.1.5 Signal Displacement Bandwidth.130 3.1.6 Adjacent Channel Rejection.130 3.1.7 Offset Channel Selectivity
45、130 3.1.8 Spurious Response Rejection131 3.1.9 Intermodulation Rejection.131 3.1.10 Audio Frequency Response131 3.1.11 Hum and Noise Ratio132 3.1.12 Audio Distortion133 3.1.13 Audio Squelch Sensitivity.133 3.1.14 Squelch Blocking134 3.1.15 Receiver Attack Time .134 3.1.16 Receiver Closing Time134 3.
46、1.17 Audio Sensitivity.134 3.1.18 Impulse Blanking Effectiveness.134 3.1.19 Average Radiation Sensitivity135 3.1.20 Acoustic Audio Output.135 3.1.21 Blocking Rejection135 -,-,- TIA-603-C vii 3.1.22 Receiver Opening Time after PTT.136 3.2 Standards for Transmitters.137 3.2.1 Conducted Carrier Output
47、Power Rating (FCC Part 90 and 27).137 3.2.2 Carrier Frequency Stability (Per 47 CFR 90.213 and 90.539)137 3.2.3 Modulation Limiting.138 3.2.4 Carrier Attack Time 139 3.2.5 Audio Sensitivity.139 3.2.6 Audio Frequency Response139 3.2.7 Audio Distortion140 3.2.8 FM Hum and Noise Ratio.141 3.2.9 AM Hum
48、and Noise Ratio141 3.2.10 Acoustic Microphone Sensitivity.141 3.2.11 Sideband Spectrum (Per 47CFR 90.210, 90.211 and 90.691).141 3.2.12 Undesired Emissions: Radiated Spurious.147 3.2.13 Undesired Emissions: Conducted Spurious (Per 47 CFR 90.210)148 3.2.14 Undesired Emissions: Adjacent Channel Power
49、Ratio148 3.2.15 Audio Low Pass Filter Response151 3.2.16 Intermodulation Attenuation.153 3.2.17 Average Radiated Power Output153 3.2.18 Transmitter Stability into VSWR.154 3.2.19 Transient Frequency Behavior of Transmitter (Per 47 CFR 90.214)154 3.3 Standards for Unit Characteristics.157 3.3.1 Power Supply Voltage