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1、 TIA TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS BULLETIN Wireless Communications Systems - Performance in Noise and Interference - Limited Situations - Recommended Methods for Technology - Independent Modeling, Simulation, and Verifications TSB-88-B SEPTEMBER 2004 TELECOMMUNICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION The Telecom
2、munications Industry Association represents the communications sector of Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/28/2007 08:31:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without
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31、 Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/28/2007 08:31:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- TIA TSB-88-B i TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD xiii INTRODUCTION xv 1. SCOPE1 2. REFERENCES3 3. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS.5 3.1. Definitions .5 3.2. A
32、bbreviations 14 4. TEST METHODS18 5. WIRELESS SYSTEM TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE DEFINITION AND CRITERIA.19 5.1. Service Area19 5.2. Channel Performance Criterion (CPC)19 5.2.1. CPC Reliability.20 5.3. CPC Reliability Design Targets.20 5.3.1. Contour Reliability .20 5.3.2. CPC Service Area Reliability.21
33、5.3.3. Tile Reliability Margin 23 5.3.4. Tile Reliability 23 5.3.5. Tile-based Area Reliability.24 5.3.6. Bounded Area Percent Coverage24 5.4. Margins for CPC25 5.4.1. CPC Subjective Criterion.25 5.5. Parametric Values.30 5.5.1. BER vs. Eb/No.31 5.5.2. Co-Channel Rejection and CPC33 5.5.2.1. Channel
34、 Performance Criterion .34 5.6. Propagation Modeling and Simulation Reliability 34 5.6.1. Service Area Frequency Selection 34 5.6.2. Proposed System Is PSA 35 5.6.3. Proposed System Is Not PSA35 5.6.4. A Suggested Methodology for TSB-88 Pre-Analysis .37 5.6.5. Modeling Receiver Characteristics38 6.
35、NOISE.43 6.1. Environmental RF Noise .43 6.2. Environmental RF Noise Data.43 6.2.1. Measurements Referenced to LULC Categories.43 Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/28/2007 08
36、:31:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- TIA TSB-88-B ii 6.2.2. Historical RF Noise Data. 45 6.3. RF Noise Measurement Methodology. 46 6.3.1. Receiver Selection 46 6.3.2. Antenna Selection. 46 6.3.3. RF Noise Measurement in a Mobile Environment. 47 6.3.4. Fixe
37、d RF Noise Measurement. 48 6.3.5. Site Isolation 48 6.4. Symbolic RF Noise Modeling and Simulation Methodology 49 6.4.1. Receiver/Multicoupler Interference 49 6.4.2. Intermodulation . 51 6.4.3. The Symbolic Method 53 6.4.4. Multicoupler Parametric Values. 57 6.4.5. Non-Coherent Power Addition Discus
38、sion 58 6.4.6. Determining Unknown Power from Sum Plus One Known Value 60 6.5. Noise-Adjusted Faded Performance Threshold 61 7. ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION PREDICTION STANDARD MODEL 63 7.1. The Okumura/Hata/Davidson Model. 63 7.1.1. Sample OKUMURA/HATA/DAVIDSON Program - Metric. 65 7.1.2. Sampl
39、e OKUMURA/HATA/DAVIDSON Program - English. 66 7.2. Anderson 2D Model 67 7.2.1. Propagation Model Outline 67 7.2.2. Line-of-Sight (LOS) Mode . 68 7.2.2.1. Two-Ray Field Strength at the Receiver Using a Single Ground Reflection 69 7.2.2.2. Attenuation Due to Partial Obstruction of the Fresnel Zone 73
40、7.2.2.3. Summary of the Calculation of the Field Strength at the Receiver Under LOS Conditions . 74 7.2.3. Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) Mode. 74 7.2.3.1. Diffraction Loss 75 7.2.3.2. Handling Anomalous Terrain Profiles 76 7.2.3.3. Summary Calculation, Field Strength at the Receiver Under NLOS Conditions
41、 77 7.3. FCC Model R-6602. 77 7.3.1. Adjustments to R-6602 calculations 78 7.3.1.1. Terrain roughness . 78 7.3.1.2. Short Paths 80 7.3.1.3. Low HAATs 80 7.3.1.4. High HAATs. 81 7.3.1.5. Number of Radials. 82 7.3.1.6. Database Resolution . 82 7.3.1.7. Contour Representation 83 7.4. Contour Calculatio
42、ns. 83 7.4.1. Background. 83 7.4.2. Basis . 83 7.4.3. Frequency Assignment Criteria. 83 Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/28/2007 08:31:51 MDTNo reproduction or networking pe
43、rmitted without license from IHS -,-,- TIA TSB-88-B iii 7.4.3.1. Adjacent Channel Requirements .86 7.5. HAAT Calculation86 7.5.1. Terrain Database.87 7.5.1.1. Terrain Database resolution.87 7.5.1.2. Basis and methodology for extracting values.87 7.5.1.3. Data extents.87 7.5.1.4. Data format87 7.5.1.
44、5. Reissue87 7.5.1.6. Availability87 7.5.2. HAAT DEFINITION88 7.5.2.1. Station HAAT Definition.88 7.5.2.2. Radial HAAT Definition88 7.5.2.3. Station-to-Service Area HAAT Definition .88 7.5.2.4. Radial Point extraction method88 7.6. Terrain Elevation Dataset88 7.6.1. Establishing Terrain Elevation Po
45、ints Along a Profile Using the Terrain Dataset90 7.6.1.1. Bilinear Interpolation90 7.6.1.2. “Snap to Nearest Point” Method 90 7.7. Local Clutter Loss Attenuation Standard Values.90 7.7.1. Classification Values .91 7.7.2. NLCD92 Resampling.96 7.8. Propagation Modeling and Simulation Benchmarks97 7.9.
46、 Recommendations Concerning Tiled vs. Radial Metaphors98 7.9.1. Radial Method .98 7.9.2. Stepped Radial Method.98 7.9.3. Grid Mapped from Radial Data Method.98 7.9.4. Tiled Method99 7.9.5. Discussion of Methods 99 7.9.6. Summary and Recommendations .100 7.10. Reliability Prediction101 7.11. Interfer
47、ence Calculations.102 7.11.1. Equivalent Interferer Method .102 7.11.2. Monte Carlo Simulation Method 105 7.11.2.1. Calculate Deterministic Signal Strengths.105 7.11.2.2. Draw from a Pseudorandom Number File105 7.11.2.3. Multiply by Known Standard Deviation.106 7.11.2.4. Offset the Calculated Signal
48、 Strengths106 7.11.2.5. Calculations for Each of the Samples106 7.11.2.6. Determine the Probability of a “Pass” 106 7.11.3. Frequency Stability Adjustment.106 7.11.3.1. Determine Standard Deviation of Frequency Drift .106 7.11.3.2. Determine Confidence Factor107 7.11.3.3. Frequency Stability Adjustment Calculation.108 7.11.4. Adjacent Channel Requirements.108 7.11.4.1. Reduce Frequency Separation 108 Copyright Telecommunications Industry Association Provided by IHS under license with EIALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/28/2007 08:31:51 MDTNo reprod