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1、初三英语上册知识点：句式句型重点句子及句型Unit 11. They go as fast as they can.asas sb. (one) can as as possible 尽可能地asas中间加原级的形容词或副词。例：I will work as hard as I can. 我将尽可能努力工作。He ran as fast as he could. 他拼命地跑。Please come here as soon as you can. 请尽快来这里。2. We call the first Olympic Games the ancient Olympics.我们把早期的运动会叫做
2、古代奥运会。call sb. / sth. n. 称呼某人/某物，后面的名词作宾语补足语。例：We call the boy DaMao. 我们称呼那个男孩大毛。类似于这种可以用名词或名词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：name/call/make/choose/find/think等。例：We chose him our monitor at yesterdays class meeting.昨天班会我们选他当我们的班长。I find him a clever boy. 我觉得他是个聪明的孩子。3. It seemed that Zhuang Yong and Jenny Thompson, an
3、 American swimmer, had finished at the same time.看上去好像庄泳和美国游泳选手詹尼汤姆森同时游完全程。以下几种方式可以表示看起来，似乎It seems that 从句seem to be adj.seem adj.例：Danny seemed excited. (Danny seemed to be excited.)丹尼似乎很激动。seem to do sth.例：When his wifes pet cat died, Alan didnt seem to care at all.艾伦妻子的宠猫死了，他好象一点也不在乎。4. Diving i
4、s one of the most popular events at the Olympics.潜水是奥运会最受欢迎的项目之一。one of 其中之一，后常加最高级及名词复数。例：Changjiang is one of the longest rivers in the world.长江是世界最长的河流之一。5. Make your country proud. 使你的国家因你而自豪。proud作宾语补足语，修饰宾语your country；make的用法：make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶make dumplings 包饺子 make a car 制造汽车be mad
5、e of 由制成make sb. /sth. n. 使某人/某物成为made sb. /sth. adj. 使某人/某物如何make sb. /sth. do 使某人/某物做某事名词/形容词/do （不定式，省to），作宾语补足语。6. his team came in twentieth. 他的队第二十名。twentieth 第二十整十数的序数词，变y为ie加th。例：ninetyninetieth fiftyfiftieth7. We had such an interesting day at school today.我们今天在学校度过了这么有趣的一天。这句话也可以说成：We had
6、so interesting a day at school today.such和so意思都是如此/这样，但用法不同。It is so interesting a film that we all want to see it once more.它是如此有趣的电影，我们都想再看一遍。Thanks a lot for sending me such beautiful pictures by e-mail!多谢你用e-mail给我发来这么漂亮的图片。He is so weak that he cant work on.他如此虚弱以致不能再继续工作。8. If I dont. I wont b
7、e able to sleep tonight.如果我不写下来的话，我今晚睡不着觉。此句是if构成的条件状语从句，要用一般现在时代替将来时。Ill go to the park with my friends if it doesnt rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨，我要和朋友去公园。9. If he practises walking on pizzas, hell do better next time.如果他保持练习在比萨饼上走的话，下次他会表现好一些。finish, enjoy, practise, keep, mind后常加动名词作宾语。例：Youd better pra
8、ctise speaking English both in and after class.你最好在课上课下练习说英语。Unit 21. Our class could play soccer for a week without stopping.我们班同学可以踢一周足球不休息。without 介词，with的反义词，后加名词、代词或doing形式的动词，有时可以用if从句改写。例：Without having breakfast, he hurried to school.他没有吃早饭，匆忙上学去了。Fish cant live without water. 没有水鱼不能活。If the
9、re is no water, fish cant live.2. Thats very kind of you. 你真是太好了。还可以说：Thats very nice of you.3. Wouldnt we get tired? 我们不会累吗？此句是否定形式的一般疑问句，常用来表惊讶、责备、赞叹等语气。例：Isnt it beautiful? 它不漂亮吗？ （It is beautiful！）注意答语：Yes, it is. 不，漂亮No, it isnt. 是的，不漂亮。Cant you come earlier? 你不能早来吗？（责备）4. The Great Wall of Chi
10、na is more than 7,240 kilometres long.中国的长城长7,240多公里。It is 数字单形容词是一个固定句式，用来表达某物（人）多高/长/宽/深等。例：The river is 10 metres deep.这条河深10米。The old man is seventy years old. 这个老人70岁。Our room is 5 metres wide. 我们教室宽5米。通常这样的句子可以用how形容词一般问句构成特殊疑问句。例：How wide is your room?How deep is the river?5. On average, it w
11、eighs more than 26 tons.平均，它（鲸）重26吨多。weigh 动词，重多少。weight n. 重量。例：The desk weighs 10 kilos. 这书桌重10公斤。The weight of the desk is 10 kilos.The desk is 10 kilos heavy.6. The average blue whale is about four times as big as the biggest elephant.平均蓝鲸是最大的大象的四倍。four times as原级as 是的几倍 例：This room is three tim
12、es as big as that one.This is twice bigger than that one.times是倍数，有时也可以当次数讲。例：I have been to the Great Wall twice.7. Does anyone have any other ideas?有人有别的主意吗？any other 用在肯定句中后常加单数名词。any other 在疑问句和否定句中加复数名词。例：The boy is taller than any other boy in his class.这个男孩比他班里任何别的男孩都高。I dont want any other o
13、ranges. 我不要任何别的桔子。8. I have some more. 我有更多一些。some more 更多一些，后加可数或不可数名词。much more 后加不可数名词many more 后加可数名词复数I want many more books. 我想要更多的书。9. Its a man who can ride his bicycle backwards while playing the violin.那是一个能边拉小提琴边倒骑车的人。while (when) 当时，时间状语从句。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致或是it时，在时间、条件、让步从句中且从句中的谓语动词含有be时，则
14、可以省略从句的主语和be。例：I will go to visit Beijing if (it is) possible.Although (I am) ugly, I am gentle.尽管我丑，我很温柔。Unit 31. Why dont we think of things that our classmates want to buy?怎么不考虑我们同学想买的东西呢？Why dont we（you）+do ？= Why not + do？为什么不做？常用来提出建议。例：Why not go and see her?为什么不去看看她呢？类似提出建议的表示还有：How about（Wh
15、at about）Shall we do？ Lets do Wed better do等 例：Why not go shopping this Sunday?这个礼拜日为什么不去购物？Lets go shopping this Sunday.Shall we go shopping this Sunday?How （What）about going shopping this Sunday?2. Suddenly, Danny hears somebody say something.突然，丹尼听到有人跟他说了些什么。在感官听觉动词see, watch, notice, look at, he
16、ar, listen to等词后，用省略的to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。当变成被动语态时，要恢复to。例：We often heard them argue next door.我们常听见他们在隔壁争吵。I saw him walk into the headmasters office.我看到他走进校长的办公室。He was noticed to come in the room.有人注意到他进了房间。3. Sometimes, business English is hard to understand.有时，商业英语很难懂。此句还可以表示为：To understand business
17、English is hard. 或It is hard to understand business English.再例如：The instructions are easy to follow.这些说明很容易明白。Its easy to follow the instructions.To follow the instructions is easy.4. How much does it cost?它花去多少钱？此句是用来寻问价钱的，还可以用whats the price of来表示。How much does your coat cost?你的大衣多少钱？Whats the pri
18、ce of your coat?5. I dont think it would be safe to do my homework on a bicycle.我认为骑在自行车上写作业不是安全的。It was fun to sell the cookies.卖甜饼很有趣。这两个句子都有不定式做主语。其句式为：It is + n. /adj + to do. 意为做某事如何例：It is fun to learn English.学英语很有趣。Its not good to speak when you have meals.吃饭时说话不好。6. To hold up posters, maps
19、 and other papers.动词不定式做目的状语。动词不定式作目的状语时，可以将其放于句首，也可以放于句末。例：To learn English well, he went to England.为学好英语，他去了英国。（He went to England to learn English well.）7. He made his first push-pins by himself.他自己做了他的第一批图钉。make sth. by oneself 独自做，可以表示为：make sth. aloneHe made his bed by himself（alone）他自己做的床。8.
20、 The Moore family still owns the company and 。Moore一家仍拥有这家公司own，动词拥有可以用has替换owner n. 拥有者，物主。例：The owner of the house is Li.这家房子的主人是李。Li owns the house.李拥有这个房子。own还可以作形容词，意为自己的，常和形容词性物主代词连用，例：This is our own room.这是我们自己的房间。Unit 41. Whats wrong with Danny?丹尼怎么了？Whats wrong with？用来寻问某人某物有什么病或出什么毛病了，也可以
21、表示为Whats the matter with？或Whats the trouble?例：Whats wrong / the matter with the boy?Whats the boys trouble?2. I dont feel well.我感觉不舒服。well是形容词，用来指身体好，feel是系词，和well构成系表结构，表示身体状况的还有：feel bad / feel terrible（感觉很差）等。另外well还常作副词，指做得好。例：He sings well.他唱歌好。He draws very well.他画画非常好。3. My head hurts 我头疼。说有什
22、么病可以用身体部位+ hurts或pain或have等词来表示。例：My stomach hurts.我肚子疼。I have a pain in my stomach.I have a stomachache.have（got）+病症，常表示得什么病，例：have（got）a cold / fever / cough / headache感冒 发烧 咳嗽 头痛4. Salad is made of fresh vegetables.沙拉由新鲜蔬菜做成。be made of由制成，常用于被动语态，主语为制成物，宾语为原材料。例：The chair is made of wood.这个椅子由木头制
23、成。如果制成物看不出原材料，常用词组be made from。例：The book is made from wood.这本书由木头制成。5. Eating foods from grain gives you vitamins, minerals and fibre.吃来自谷物的食物给你维生素、矿物质和纤维。eating不可以改为eat，因为动词不可以作主语，所以用eating形式，即动名词，动名词（或短语）作主语时动词用单数形式。例：Taking exercise helps you keep healthy.运动帮你保持健康。6. The more you move your feet,
24、 the more healthy you will be.你越爱运动，你就会越健康。越，就越，常用the +比较级，the +比较级结构。前者是状语从句，后者是主句，如果主句是将来时，从句要用一般现在时。例：The more, the better.越多越好。The more food he eats, the fatter he will be.他吃得越多，就越胖。7. He has been away for three days now!他已经三天没上学了。（离开三天了）。be away，离开，不在，是leave的延续词，类似的还有：catch a cold（结束性）have a co
25、ldfall ill（结束性）be ill 例：He has caught a cold.他感冒了。He has had a cold for a week.他感冒一周了。He fell ill last Friday.他上周五病了。He has been ill for five days.他病五天了。8. I rested and drank plenty of water.我休息而且喝很多水。plenty of许多，大量，相当于lots of或a lot of，后可加可数名词复数或不可数名词。He has plenty of time to watch TV.他有很多时间看电视。Ther
26、e are plenty of shops on either side of the street.街两面有许多商店。9. Could you open the door for me?请为我打开门好吗？Would （wiu/, Could）you + do？用来表示请求对方为自己做某事。would / could / will不表时态。Would / Could you go and get me some chalk?去给我拿些粉笔来好吗？10. She is unable to do many things.她不能做很多事情。unable不能的，un-表示前缀，表示否定。例：happy
27、 unhappy不开心的，fairunfair不公平的此句可以表示为：She cant do many things.She is not able to do many things.11. Im feeling much better.我感觉好多了。much相当于a lot，常用来修饰比较级，还有even, far, a little, a bit等也可以放于比较级前，而very, too, quite, so, much too等常用来修饰原级。例：On Monday I felt very bad, but now I feel much better.周一我感觉很差，但现在感觉好多了
28、。Unit 51. It is said that Professor Yuan is one of the richest people in China.It is said that . 据说，相当于People say that .例：It is said that the boy has joined the army.据说那个孩子已经参军了。2. The grain of this new type of rice would be as big as peanut so that farmers could rest in the cool shadows of big rice
29、 plants.这种新水稻的粒子将会和花生一样大，以便农民可以在这种水稻的阴凉下休息。as . as . 和一样，表示程度相同的比较。This box is as big as that one.这个箱子和那个一样大。so that 表示目的，译为以便，目的是。He stood on a chair so that he could reach the top of the tree.他站在椅子上以便能够够到树的顶部。Unit 61. Why dont you pretend to be Jennys friend?为什么你不假装Jenny的朋友呢？Why dont you do .? （Wh
30、y not do . ?）Why dont you go to see him tomorrow?为什么你不明天去看他呢？2. Dont be scared. 别害怕。此句是祈使句，由系词be开头，后常加形容词，构成系表结构。例：Be careful! 当心！Be quick! 快点！否定形式在句首加dont。例：Dont be late for school! 上学别迟到。Dont be nervous! 别紧张。3. Shall I call an ambulance?我可以叫救护车吗？ （我叫救护车好吗？）Shall I (we) do sth . ? 我（们）做好吗？用来表示请求，自己
31、所做的事情征得对方的意见，是否同意。例：Shall I get you some water?我给你打点水好吗？4. There is something wrong with my arm.我的手臂有毛病。There is something wrong with sb. or sth. 某人某物有毛病There is something wrong with my watch.我的手表坏了。否定式为： There is not anything wrong with . .There is nothing wrong with . .5. It took me three months to recover.我用了三个月时间恢复。It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费多长时间做某事it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to do sth.。take 随时态改变，sb. 用宾格。例：It took me two hours to clean my house yesterday.我昨天用了两个小时打扫房子。It will take me another two days to finish the work.完成这项工作我还要两天时间。 - 16 -