《MFC 程序设计与 C++相关技术 计算机毕业论文外文翻译.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《MFC 程序设计与 C++相关技术 计算机毕业论文外文翻译.doc（6页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、MFC Programming and C + + related technologiesMFC, Microsoft Foundation Classes (Microsoft Foundation Classes), is actually provided by Microsoft for the C + + environment for writing applications in a framework and engine, VC + + is to Windows, developers use professional C + + SDK (SDK, Standard S
2、oftWare Develop Kit, professional software development platform), MFC is hung on it a supporting software development kit, MFC, as with the VC + + flesh and blood portion (Note C + + and VC + + differences: C + + is a programming language, is a we acknowledge the preparation of the general specifica
3、tion of software, and VC + + is a compiler, or a compiler + source code editor IDE, WS, PlatForm, which Pascal and Delphis relationship with a truth, Pascal was the language of Delphi basic, Delphi Pascal specification for use under Win application development and compilation, but VB is different fr
4、om the relationship between language and Basic, Basic language is developed in VB applications language has become the new norm Basic, VB newly added Basic language elements, such as the elements of object-oriented programming is a qualitative leap forward, so that both a VB IDE, and grow into a new
5、 programming language), MFC integration with BC + + VCL is a non-plug type as package, class library, but Microsoft MFC class is designed for the distribution of VC + + . Win API and MFC is a combination of C + +, API, that Microsofts Windows, the application programming language interface, is a sof
6、tware programming specifications, but is not a programming language itself, can allow users to use a variety of third parties (such as the I side, Microsoft is a party, Borland is the third party to) programming language for applications on Windows, the development of these applications were develop
7、ed to run in Windows, such as VB, VC + +, Java , Delhpi essentially all of the programming language function from the API, so using them to develop applications that can work out the message in the Windows system and graphics, the compliance with Windows as an operating systems internal implementati
8、on, it is also a necessity, Microsoft If you do not provide API, this world of Windows programming job would not exist, Microsofts product will quickly become a garbage from the fashion, the above mentioned API function, MFC is a Microsoft proprietary C + + package, which allows users to combine the
9、 one hand, Microsofts Professional C + + SDK for Windows, application development easier, because MFC is the API package, Microsoft has done a lot of work, hiding a lot of application developers in Windows, using C + + & MFC preparation software for a large number of the section, such as the impleme
10、ntation of the message processing applications, equipment, environmental graphics, this combination is convenient for the purpose, we must pay the price (which is Microsofts style has always been), and therefore created a MFC class in the package of a certain degree of redundancy and circuitous, but
11、 this is acceptable .Finally, understand that MFC is not just a function of simple interface development system, which provides most of the classes used to interface development, associated with a window of the action, but it provides a lot of class in the class is not associated with a window that
12、the categories The role is not an interface class does not implement the control of a window object (such as the creation, destruction), but some in Windows (using MFC vast majority of programs written to run in Windows) to implement the internal processing of the class, such as database management
13、etc., the study should be most time consuming is the message and the device environment, C + + and MFC to learn the most difficult part is the pointer, C + + object-oriented programming in other parts, such as data types, flow control both is not difficult, it is recommended to learn C + + version o
14、f the data structure. MFC encapsulates Microsofts API. What does that mean? As a provider of powerful windows application programming interface to the operating system, programmers do a lot of convenience, the traditional win32 development (direct interface functions with windows API) for programmer
15、s is very difficult because, API functions too more, and the name of the mess, from zero to a window frame is easily hundreds of lines of code. MFC is the object-oriented programming and the perfect combination of Application framework, he would have been classified in the traditional API package, a
16、nd created a program for you general framework MFC is Windows API package, which greatly simplifies our work; learn VC is mainly to learn MFC, there are about 100 classes, but also commonly used in twenty or thirty. Back four words should be the same as those commonly used in class get to know; of c
17、ourse, do not memorize, to help by looking to see examples, hands-on exercises to learn them; Moreover, not every class have to learn all the functions within, to accumulate. If you really want to be a master, to be a laptop think it is important to their classes, functions, down, ready to learn, bu
18、t also a good spot method. Programming Advantages With the innovation of programming languages, MFC shortcomings become increasingly prominent. The most important entry barrier is higher relative to other languages, but also to complete a task relatively large amount of code. The original advantages
19、, such as running speed, etc., but also because of other programming languages and personal computers continue to improve computing speed increases appear less prominent. MFC seems bad to worse. MFC is really no advantage, but it? No, the face of the underlying process, it is very easy with the comb
20、ination of Windows API or driver is in your own code to use API functions directly, while the API and driver information are based on C language-based, which makes VC programmersto more easily use Windows API. This has a very interesting phenomenon, that is, when the VC started to pay more to the pr
21、ogrammer to learn, but once mastered, the development of other areas of the program or using third-party software, such as industrial control procedures, the underlying The programs are written in C language, but rather VC programmers can quickly grasp the field of programming. And many other progra
22、mming languages can not even find relevant information. This shows that VC (MFC) is actually an entry difficult, but very easy to learn the language extension framework. If only limited to one area, then VC is no advantage at all, but if you develop a new field of application or the program involves
23、 a number of application areas, it can reduce the frequency of repetition and difficulty, VC (MFC) of the benefits will immediately apparent. Language development C + + language development can be divided into three stages: The first stage, from 80 to 1995. This phase is basically C + + language is
24、the traditional type of object-oriented language, and by virtue of the efficiency of close to C language, developed for use in the industrial sector accounts for a significant language share; The second phase from 1995 to 2000, this stage as the Standard Template Library (STL) and later the Boost li
25、braries such as the emergence of generic programming in C + +, the proportion of occupied more and more sexual. Of course, the same as Java, C # and other languages and the emergence of large-scale hardware prices drop, C + + has been some impact; The third stage, from 2000 to date, due to Loki, MPL
26、 and other libraries as the representative of generative programming and template meta programming there, C + + appeared in the history and development of a new peak, and the emergence of these new technologies and the original technology integration, so that C + + has become the main programming la
27、nguage of the most complex one C + + Getting Started C + + is a language, merely its syntax, features, standard library already is a very advanced courses, so the time to start learning, we must first lay a solid foundation. There are a lot of the Visual C + + book, although it may take 1-2 chapters
28、 to introduce the basic characteristics of C + +, but that will not let you get started. Therefore, beginners should choose to learn C + + for C + + language itself, books, and can not be for the Visual C + +, MFC or Windows APIs. Learning C + + should be easy to difficult, step by step. Often said
29、that before learning C + + should learn C language before. In fact it is not necessary, C + + and C language, while a relationship, it is still two different languages. Of course, before learning C + + programming language to learn than others is very good. C + + that make learning faster, after all
30、, a lot of computer language concepts are interlinked. As for the zero-based beginners, you should stop and do not become impatient. To become a master of C + + is not so easy to take great efforts. From the introductory textbook of choice, mainly to see the learners own situation. If you have had h
31、igh-level language learning experience, it is recommended that use of Transplantation and Hemopurification the C + + programming. Note that 2004 edition, 2006 edition of the book is a castrated version, up to the object-oriented. Although C and C + + are similar, but has been said before, C and C +
32、+ should be used to learn two languages, so that the contents of 06 to a little bit lacking. Transplantation and Hemopurification 04 edition of this book is more structured, and organized is also very clear. If the basis of other high-level language, then the estimated half a year of C + + will be a
33、ble to have a understanding of the profile. Transplantation and Hemopurification teachers book has become the major institutions of higher education textbooks, are more subject to recognized. If you start from the zero-based learning C + +, it is recommended to use Pan Jiajie of learn C + +. This bo
34、ok is a book in 2008, I heard a student was studying the time to write. Book online, download a free electronic version. This book is mainly for beginners, put it is also more interesting to compare those who can interest in learning. So there is no basis for the beginner This book is also a good ch
35、oice, just want to quickly become the master, may be reading this book is not enough. As for the book after reading the entry, you should see some high-level book. Such as The C + + Programming Language and C + + Primer, but also able to STL, MFC, API and other direction. If you are interested in ot
36、her languages, but also to look at C # and Java, C + + they are a lot of concepts from grammar and are similar.The design principles of C + + C + + designed as a static type, and C as efficient and portable multi-purpose programming language. C + + designed to support direct and wide variety of prog
37、ramming styles (procedural programming, data abstraction, object-oriented programming, generic programming). C + + is designed to give programmers more choice, even if the wrong choice could lead to program designers. C + + designed to be compatible as possible with C, whereby a C to C + + from the
38、smooth transition. C + + to avoid limited or no general-purpose platform features. C + + does not use the features will bring additional costs. C + + is designed without complex programming environment.MFC 程序设计与 C+相关技术MFC,微软基础类(Microsoft Found ndation Classes),实际上是微软提供的,用于 在 C+环境下编写应用程序的一个框架和引擎,VC+是
39、 Windows 下开发人员使用的专 业 C+ SDK(SDK,Standard SoftWare Develop Kit,专业软件开发平台),MFC 就是挂 在它之上的一个辅助软件开发包,MFC 作为与 VC+血肉相连的部分(注意 C+和 VC+ 的 区 别 :C+是 一 种 程 序 设 计 语 言 ,是 一 种 大 家 都 承 认 的 软 件 编 制 的 通 用 规 范 ,而 VC+只是一个编译器,或者说是一种编译器+源程序编辑器的 IDE,WS,PlatForm,这 跟 Pascal 和 Delphi 的关系一个道理,Pascal 是 Delphi 的语言基础,Delphi 使用 Pas
40、cal 规范来进行 Win 下应用程序的开发和编译,却不同于 Basic 语言和 VB 的关 系,Basic 语言在 VB 开发出来被应用的年代已经成了 Basic 语言的新规范,VB 新加 的 Basic 语言要素,如面向对象程序设计的要素,是一种性质上的飞跃,使 VB 既是一 个 IDE,又成长成一个新的程序设计语言),MFC 同 BC+集成的 VCL 一样是一个非外挂 式的软件包,类库,只不过 MFC 类是微软为 VC+专配的. MFC 是 Win API 与 C+的结合,API,即微软提供的 Windows 下应用程序的编程语 言接口,是一种软件编程的规范,但不是一种程序开发语言本身,
41、可以允许用户使用 各种各样的第三方(如我是一方,微软是一方,Borland 就是第三方)的编程语言来进 行对 Windows 下应用程序的开发,使这些被开发出来的应用程序能在 Windows 下运 行,比如 VB,VC+,Java,Delhpi 编程语言函数本质上全部源于 API,因此用它们开发 出来的应用程序都能工作在 Windows 的消息机制和绘图里,遵守 Windows 作为一个 操 作 系 统 的 内 部 实 现 , 这 其 实 也 是 一 种 必 要 , 微 软 如 果 不 提 供 API, 这 个 世 上 对 Windows 编程的工作就不会存在,微软的产品就会迅速从时尚变成垃圾
42、,上面说到 MFC 是微软对 API 函数的专用 C+封装,这种结合一方面让用户使用微软的专业 C+ SDK 来进行 Windows 下应用程序的开发变得容易,因为 MFC 是对 API 的封装,微软做 了大量的工作,隐藏了好多程序开发人员在 Windows 下用 C+ & MFC 编制软件时的 大量内节,如应用程序实现消息的处理,设备环境绘图,这种结合是以方便为目的的, 必定要付出一定代价(这是微软的一向作风),因此就造成了 MFC 对类封装中的一定 程度的的冗余和迂回,但这是可以接受的. 最后要明白 MFC 不只是一个功能单纯的界面开发系统,它提供的类绝大部分用来 进行界面开发,关联一个窗
43、口的动作,但它提供的类中有好多类不与一个窗口关联, 即类的作用不是一个界面类,不实现对一个窗口对象的控制(如创建,销毁),而是一 些在 Windows(用 MFC 编写的程序绝大部分都在 Windows 中运行)中实现内部处理的 类,如数据库的管理类等,学习中最应花费时间的是消息和设备环境,对 C+和 MFC 的 学习中最难的部分是指针,C+面向对象程序设计的其它部分,如数据类型,流程控 制都不难,建议学习数据结构 C+版。MFC 是微软封装了的 API。什么意思呢？windows 作为一个提供功能强大的应用 程序接口编程的操作系统，的确方便了许多程序员，传统的 win32 开发（直接使用 w
44、indows 的接口函数 API） 对于程序员来说非常的困难， 因为， API 函数实在太多了， 而且名称很乱，从零构架一个窗口动辄就是上百行的代码。MFC 是面向对象程序设 计与 Application framework 的完美结合，他将传统的 API 进行了分类封装，并且 为你创建了程序的一般框架， MFC 是对 WindowsAPI 的封装， 大大简化了我们的工作； VC 主要就是要学 MFC， 学 大约有 100 多个类，但常用的也就二三十个。应该象背 4 级单词一样将这些常用类 搞懂；当然不要死记，要通过看帮助、看例子、动手练习来学会它们；而且，并非 每个类的内部的所有函数都要学会
45、，要日积月累。如果真的想成为高手，做个笔记 本把自己认为重要的类、函数记下来，随时学习，也是很好的突击方法。 编程优势 随着编程语言的推陈出新，MFC 一些缺点日益突出。最重要的就是入门门槛相对 其他语言要高，而且同样完成一个任务代码量相对较多。而原有的优势如运行速度 快等，也因为其他编程语言的日臻完善和个人电脑的运算速度增加而显得不那么突 出。MFC 似乎江河日下。但是 MFC 真的没有任何优势了吗？不是，面对底层程序， 它能很轻松的与 Windows API 或驱动程序结合，就是在自己的代码中直接使用 API 函数，而 API 和驱动程序的资料都是以 C 语言为基础的，这使得 VC 程序员
46、能够更 轻松的使用 Windows API。这样造成了一个很有意思的现象，即入门时 VC 程序员要 付出更多的努力来学习，但是一旦掌握后，开发其他领域的程序或使用第三方软件 时，如工业控制类的程序，由于底层的程序都是用 C 语言编写，反倒是 VC 程序员 能够更快的掌握该领域的编程技术。而很多其他的编程语言甚至找不到相关的资 料。这就说明 VC（MFC）实际上是一种入门困难，但是扩展学习却很轻松的语言框 架。如果既限于某一领域的话 VC 毫无优势可言，但是如果开发一个新的领域的应 用程序或者该程序涉及多个应用领域的话， 可减少重复学习的频率和难度， （MFC） VC 的优势会立刻显现出来。语言
47、发展 C+语言发展大概可以分为三个阶段： 第一阶段第6/8页 从 80 年代到 1995 年。这一阶段 C+语言基本上是传统类型上的面向 对象语言，并且凭借着接近 C 语言的效率，在工业界使用的开发语言中占据了相 当大份额； 第二阶段从 1995 年到 2000 年， 这一阶段由于标准模板库(STL)和后来的 Boost 等程序库的出现，泛型程序设计在 C+中占据了越来越多的比重性。当然，同时由 于 Java、C#等语言的出现和硬件价格的大规模下降，C+受到了一定的冲击； 第三阶段从 2000 年至今，由于以 Loki、MPL 等程序库为代表的产生式编程和 模板元编程的出现，C+出现了发展历史
48、上又一个新的高峰，这些新技术的出现以 及和原有技术的融合，使 C+已经成为当今主流程序设计语言中最复杂的一员。 C+入门 C+ 入门 C+是一种语言，仅仅是它的语法、特性、标准类库就已经是一门非常高深的 课程，所以在开始学习的时候，必须先要打好基础。在市面上有很多 Visual C+ 的书， 虽然其中可能会花 1-2 章来介绍 C+的基本特性， 但是那绝对不会让你入门。 因此，初学者学习 C+应该选择针对 C+语言本身的书籍，而不能是针对 Visual C+、MFC 或者 Windows API 的。 学习 C+应该由易至难，循序渐进。以前经常有人说学习 C+之前应该学习 C 语言。事实上那不
49、是必须的，C+和 C 语言虽然有关系，但仍然是两种不同的语言。 当然，在学习 C+之前学习过其他编程语言是很有好处的。那会使学习 C+的速度 更快，毕竟很多计算机语言的概念都是相通的。而对于零基础的初学者来说，则 是应该静下心来，不要急躁。要成为 C+的高手，不是那么容易的，必须要花很大 的努力。 从入门教材的选择上，主要看学习者的自身情况。如果已经有过学习高级语言 的经历，那么推荐使用谭浩强的C+程序设计 。注意是 04 年版的，06 年版的那 本书是阉割版，上来就面向对象。虽然说 C 和 C+是相似的，但是前面已经说了， C 和 C+应该作为两种语言来学习，所以 06 年的那本内容就稍微欠缺一点了。谭 浩强 04 版的这本书内容比较规整的，条理也很清晰。如果有过其他高级语言的基 础，那么估计半年就能对 C+的概况有个了解了。谭浩强老师的书已经成为了全国 各大高等院校的教科书，是比较受到认可的。如果是从零基础开始学 C+， 那么推荐使用潘嘉杰的 易学 C+ 这本书是 2008 。 年出的新书，听说是个学生在读书的时候写的。这本书网上有下载免费的电子版。 这本书主要就是