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1、The Skills and Techniques in English Newspaper ReadingContentsAbstracti摘要iiIntroduction11. Brief Introduction of English Newspaper Reports11.1 Constituents11.1.1 Headline11.1.2 Lead11.1.3 Body21.2 Features21.2.1The Features of Headline21.2.2The Features of Lead41.2.3The Features of Body62. The Main
2、Types of English Newspaper Reports62.1 Reports on Politics62.2 Reports on Economy72.3 Reports on Culture72.4 Reports on Science and Technology82.5 Reports on Medicine82.6 Reports on Education82.7 Reports on Environment93. The Skills and Techniques in English Newspaper Reading93.1 Developing Forecast
3、 Skills93.2 Skimming to Understand the Whole Passage103.3 Scanning to Know the Important Messages103.4 Catching the Key Points113.5 Dealing with Language123.6 Mastering Common Grammar Phenomenon123.6.1The Loose Sentence Structure133.6.2 The Tense of Verbs in News Report133.6.3The Ellipsis of the Con
4、junction That That Leads Object Subordinate Clause144. The Importance of Mastering the Skills and Techniques in English Newspaper Reading144.1Improving the Ability of Reading English Newspaper144.2Improving the Speed and Quality in Reading English Materials154.3Mastering English Better15Conclusion16
5、Bibliography17Appendix18AbstractThis paper aims to discuss the skills and techniques and the importance of mastering the skills and techniques in English newspaper reading. Nowadays，English has become an international language and reading English newspaper is an indispensable part of daily life. Its
6、 necessary to improve your reading skills if you want to master English well. The purpose of the thesis is to help readers read English well and improve reading speed. In this thesis, the author first introduces the components, features of newspaper reports and the main types of English newspaper re
7、ports. Then the author analyses the skills and techniques in English newspaper reading and the significance of mastering the skills and techniques in English newspaper reading. So at last, the author got some skills in reading English paper and the importance of mastering these skills, which help re
8、aders to read English newspaper. All in all, its not only very important to improve the reading skills, but also to master knowledge if you read according to scientific method. However, its not easy to get scientific method. There is a Chinese saying: A step by step, a thousand miles, no water flow,
9、 in one leap. So if we know it, we could improve our English newspaper reading ability.Key Words: skills and techniques importance English newspaper features摘要这篇论文主要讨论的是阅读英文报纸的技巧及掌握阅读英文报纸的技巧的重要性。当今社会，英语已经成为一门国际性的语言，而阅读英文报纸更是人们日常生活所必不可少的一部分，培养高超的阅读技巧，提高英文阅读能力，是掌握和驾驭英语语言的必由之路。所以作者写这篇论文的目的是为了让读者能够更好地阅读
10、英文报纸，提高阅读速度，抓住关键信息，更好地读懂新闻。在这篇论文里，作者通过介绍新闻报道的成分、特征和英文报道的主要特征，然后阐述了阅读英文报纸的技巧及掌握阅读英文报纸的技巧的重要性。最终作者得出了阅读英文报纸的一些技巧，并且分析了掌握阅读英文报纸的技巧的重要性，帮助读者阅读英文报纸。总之，大量地根据科学方法阅读，无论是提高阅读技巧还是对专业知识的掌握都具有重要的意义。然而科学的方法的养成并非一朝一夕的事情，古人云：“不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江河”。如果我们认识到一点一滴积累的重要性，勤学苦练，最终会达到提高英语阅读能力的目的。关键词：技巧 重要性 英语报纸 特征 iiIntro
11、duction Newspaper is a kind of printed publication that mainly publishes news and commentation and issues to public at regular intervals. Newspaper which has the function of reflecting and leading public opinions is the important carrier of mass communication. Newspaper can be published in different
12、 languages and English newspaper is the kind of newspaper that is published in English. Nowadays many people dont know how to read English newspaper. They just read it at random. Some people have researched some skills and techniques in English newspaper reading. However, they are not comprehensive.
13、 So this paper analyses the features and the main types of English newspapers reports. Through these this paper would introduce some skills and techniques in English newspaper reading to help people improve their English newspaper reading ability. The author of this paper would try her best to impro
14、ve and refine it and she hopes her research will help people in reading English newspaper and be authoritative in the relevant field. 1. Brief Introduction of English Newspaper Reports The literary form of English newspaper report usually uses inverted pyramid form. It means arranging the report acc
15、ording to the importance of the report. A report usually composes with three parts. They are headline, lead and body.1.1Constituents 1.1.1Headline Headline is some short words that prompt the article content and is usually before the body. It is the concentration and summarization of article content
16、. It is also treated as the eyes of newspaper reports. You should scan headlines when you are reading newspaper to decide what to read and which to read first, especially for English newspaper, because it has many layouts and columns. Headline can be a guide when you are reading English newspaper.1.
17、1.2LeadLead uses brief sentences to highlight the most important, newest and the most characteristic fact. It is the main content and the outset part of the report to attract readers to read the whole article. It is a mini story. For example, Death toll from mine elevator accident hits 7XIAN - The d
18、eath toll from a elevator cage accident in a mine in Northwest China has risen to seven after bodies of six workers were retrieved Friday, the provincial work safety authorities said. A misoperated elevator plunged when 11 workers were working in an under-construction shaft of the Xizhuozi Coal Mine
19、 in Shaanxi Province, on December 23. Only two workers escaped unharmed. One was killed at the scene, two were injured and six others were trapped, said a spokesman with the provincial work safety bureau. Rescue work had been very difficult as the shaft was very narrow, deep, and also flooded, he sa
20、id.1In this piece of news, the lead is The death toll from an elevator cage accident in a mine in Northwest China has risen to seven after bodies of six workers were retrieved Friday, the provincial work safety authorities said. It uses a short sentence to tell us the main content of the news.1.1.3B
21、ody The rest of a piece of news is body besides lead. Body is the main part of a report and supplies some details of fact.Usually, the body aims at replenishing the surplus parts of five Ws and one H to compose a piece of unbroken news.1.2 Features1.2.1The Features of HeadlineThe headline is succinc
22、t and vivid. Headline always just marks notional word and omits function words. It always uses abbreviation and rhyme, even uses well-known saying, literary quotation, proverb and literature. 1 There are some features as the following.First, the headline always omits some particles. Ellipsis is a la
23、nguage to extrude important content. It always means omitting not very important words to extrude important words. Its the main characteristic of the English newspaper headline and includes the ellipsis of article, pronoun and so on. Such as,(A)Boy kills friends himself. (A boy killed his friends hi
24、mself.)(B)Cold and Rainy Day Expected(Cold and Rainy Day is Expected.)(C)Forecast of Mexican Quake Accurate, but Ignored. (The Forecast of Mexican Quake is Accurate，but It is Ignored.)Second, abbreviations are widely used in English newspaper headline. The headline stresses shortness and vividness,
25、so it uses initials, acronyms and shortens words a lot. Such as, (A)AfrAfrica intlinternational aveavenue magmagazine econeconomics MeditMediterranean2 (B)APEC (AsiaPacific Economic Cooperation) CID (Criminal Investigation Department) WHO (World Health Organization) (C)VIP (Very Important Person) CE
26、O (chief executive officer) (D)SARS(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes） UFO(Unidentified Flying Object） Aids(Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome）Third, the grammatical features of headline are not only to make the report short, but also to extrude the theme of the report when you use the special gra
27、mmar. For example, simple present formulates news. News is the fact that most recent reports. The things which are described in the news have already or just happened. According to the English grammar verb tenses rules, it should use the past tense or the present perfect. But in order to give the re
28、ader a sense of freshness and reality, the title widely uses simple present. Such as, (A)US and Egypt Hold Air Exercises. (B)Bush visits Botswana，hard hit by Aids. (C)Kungfu goes international. (D)New Zealand limits students. The past tense formulates history. For historical facts, or any things hap
29、pened in past time, it always uses the past tense. Such as, (A)Unemployment in UKIncreased in October (B)US worried about spread of virus (C)Officer testifies woman said Tony shot her The present participle expresses the ongoing movement. The present progressive consists of am, is, are adding the pr
30、esent participle. Such as, (A)Students facing tough choices at graduation (B)Floods making a deadly return (C)Flag rising over Macao Infinitive expresses the future. News reports which are about future events are planned and arrangement. It often uses be+infinitive to express. Such as, (A)Locals to
31、drink directly from the tap by 2010 (B)US to reform defense export license regime The past participle expresses passive behavior in the past. It often uses be+past participle. Such as, (A)Chinese official killed (B)Three sites added to the world heritage (C)British Arm Expert Found DeadFourth, punct
32、uation has special meaning. It will save the length of an article if comma takes the place of and. Colon always takes the place of says. Such as, (A)US To Intervene in Foreign Money Markets If Needed: Carter (B)Japan, EEC End Talks without Narrowing Rift1.2.2The Features of LeadThe function of the l
33、ead is to lead readers to read news. In fact, lead is a concentrated mini story and is usually in the first paragraph of a piece of news. 3 But in a long report, it is usually in the front several paragraphs. Lead which comes straight to the point and easy to understand is the pith of the news. Lead
34、 includes the most important content that is easy to catch readers attention and arouses their interest to read it. Some leads belong to summary lead whose function is to introduce the main idea of the news. Some belong to descriptive lead which describes a certain detail to arouse their interest to
35、 read the whole news. Some belong to quotation lead which use direct quotation to make suspense or marked effect and some belong to question lead which appear in question. 4For example, a summary lead:“Food safety centers established across China (Agencies via Xinhua) BEIJING - Food safety monitorin
36、g centers have been set up across China in 31 provinces, 218 prefectures and 312 counties, according to a government statement.A statement from the national food safety work office under the State Council said safety tests on agricultural products had been expanded to 128 medium-sized and large citi
37、es.A total of 101 varieties of agricultural products underwent tests in 5,130 qualified safety test institutions, it said.The list of these institutions had been made public.Chinese authorities have been revising food safety regulations, cracked down on violations of food safety laws and regulations
38、, and issued new standards to ease nationwide concerns over food safety.The statement said 165 sets of food safety standards were issued after revision last year and 15 sets, including one on food additives, would be issued in 2011.Food safety has become a nationwide concern after a series of scares
39、 involving food contamination and illegal use of prohibited ingredients and additives in food production.The most recent major scandal involved a brand of edible oil, which was found to contain ingredients linked to cancer.In 2008, melamine-tainted milk caused at least six infant deaths and 300,000
40、fell ill after they were fed with the contaminated baby formula.The State Council set up a national food safety commission and appointed Vice-Premier Li Keqiang as its head in February 2009. Later that month, the National Peoples Congress Standing Committee adopted the Food Safety Law. (China Daily,
41、 February 4, 2011)”In this piece of news, the lead: Food safety monitoring centers have been set up across China in 31 provinces, 218 prefectures and 312 counties, according to a government statement. It is a summary lead because it introduces the main idea of the news.A question lead:“Society Gradu
42、ates build careers in rural areas (Agencies via Xinhua) HEFEI - Guan Luofei has worked in rural areas of East Chinas Anhui Province for almost three years since graduating from college. He is now at a crossroads - should he go back to the city to look for a job or continue his career in rural Anhui?
43、Guan graduated from Anhui Communications Vocational and Technical College in 2008, when the urban employment situation for graduates was grave and the Chinese government was encouraging graduates to work for grassroots organizations in rural areas.After graduating, Guan began work in Mulan Village,
44、Feixi County, as an assistant to the head of the village. The term of employment was three years.Without his parents and the urban life to which he was accustomed, Guan initially felt lonely. But he soon got used to rural life and began to build his own social network in the village.I came here hopi
45、ng to serve the locals. Over the past two years, I have forged friendship with many villagers my age. I have also learnt much that one could never read in a textbook, he said.China launched its nationwide campaign to encourage university graduates to work in grassroots organizations in rural areas i
46、n 2008.Currently, there are 200,000 university and college graduates, just like Guan, working in the rural areas.As the term of Guans employment contract approached, he needed to make a decision for his future.He had several choices - going back to the city to take the national civil servant recruit
47、ment examination, finding other city-based employment or returning to university for further studies.The Ministry of Education said in July 2010 that China has about 1.76 million jobless graduates, about 27.8 percent of those who graduated in the previous month, June 2010.Guan eventually decided to stay in the countryside. He launched an ecological agriculture company in the village with 13 peers who were also working in rural areas after graduating from universities.After working in the countryside for over two years, I realize there is great career potential i