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1、德伯维尔家的苔丝苔丝的人物性格分析摘要：托马斯哈代、最有影响力的英语作家,建立了19及20世纪的文学形式。他的代表作品,德伯维尔家的苔丝揭示了小说“性格与环境的精神”。德伯维尔家的苔丝使哈代的文学创作取得了辉煌的成就。哈代认为苔丝拥有女性的主要性格-纯洁,这使得他遇到激烈和严厉的批评,他们中的大多数人可以接受哈代的观点。哈代的杰作德伯维尔家的苔丝描写了一个有痛苦经历的乡村女孩。她用自己的双手去劳动,使人们感到她的真心。她是一个“纯洁的女人”。最后她以悲剧结束，人们讨论她的悲剧原因。然而,她有一个强大的精神的战斗,反对社会、伪善的宗教。她所做的一切就是放弃旧道德的社会,追求幸福的婚姻。同时苔丝是
2、一个纯洁的女人她对她的家庭和她的爱负责。她已在世人面前表现她所受到的侮辱,这预示着一种抗强大的女人的形象。Abstract Thomas Hardy, one of the most influential English writers, helped forge a link between the 19th and 20th century literary tradition .Tess of the DUrbervilles, one of his representative works, best reveals the “Novels of Character and Envi
3、ronment” spirit. Tess is the crowning achievement of Hardys literary creation.Hardy considers the main female character of Tess as “A pure woman”, which made him encounter fierce and harsh criticism, for most of them could accept Hardys view . Hardys masterpiece Tess of the DUrbervilles describes th
4、e miserable experience of a rural girl. But too unfortunate to overthrow this girl who calls Tess, she relies on her own hands to work, moving people with her own sincerity. She is “a pure woman”. Finally she winds up with the tragedy, which is why people often discuss her as the source of the trage
5、dy. However, she has a powerful spirit of fighting, fighting against the society, the hypocritical religion. All she did was to abandon the old ethical society and to pursuit a happy marriage. Meanwhile Tess is a pure woman and she is responsible for her family and her love. She has shown in front o
6、f common people her own practical action that she is insulted, which indicates a resisting powerful womans images. Key words: revolt, compromise, a pure woman ,responsibility A personality analysis of TessIntroduction Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) was a Britains critical realism novelist and poet at the
7、end of the 19th century. Hardys creation period includes carrying out the transition to the stage of imperialism from non- monopoly capitalism. His novel is filled with his background in homeland, including the near prefecture district. He has observed the agricultural crisis to fill in miserable co
8、nsequence that the special prefecture causes in one, describe this regional peasants disaster received. Tess of the DUrberville, is the first famous work of Britain outstanding realistic writer. Because Hardy had once had experience of living in the Ministry of Agriculture, he was extremely familiar
9、 with peasants life, personality, custom, language, etc. Works of Hardy reflect capitalist factor invading Britain social economy, politics, morals, and enormous custom changes of under countryside, showed the miserable destiny of the rural working people of specific historical period. The theme of
10、Hardys novel is to show the antinomy between people and society, personality and environment, especially through the description of issues such as love and marriage, displaying the individual confliction when people fight against social outmoded practice, religion law, morals custom. In his works, e
11、specially woman images in the works of him have deeply shown this characteristic. Tess of the DUrbervilles, is the essential reflection of Hardys style and the society he wanted to show.Chapter One The Personality of Tess -the Spirit of Revolt1.1 Tesss Fight to the Moribund Society1.1.1 The Moribund
12、 SocietyAs industrial movement swept England in the 19th century, People pour into countryside in crowds, as wild animal pray on like the animal occupying that land liberated. In a short period of time, Britain rural resident many times since the period of Louis 14, and the number of people is also
13、running up. When the number of them has exceeded the urbanite, they have exercised an influence on urbanite again. So, the difference between the city and village becomes smaller and smaller, the urbanites thought and lively style make the village getting vigorous. 1 Been classified as eliminating t
14、he differentials between town and country of the socialist goal by us all the time, it was that falling has been realized like this unexpectedly here. Especially, Woman has to oppress seriously from moribund society, it cause to grow spirit of revolt.1.1.2 Resistance of the Moribund SocietyBecause o
15、f the social reason, many people have to revolt. Tess is the one of these people. Tess hates the moribund society and Alec. When seeing Tess, he set the trap that has destroyed the young girls chaste and the happiness in all her life. Alec not only has essence and characteristic of the landlord clas
16、s but also reflect the essential characteristic of the capitalist class. He thinks he has money and high social status, and Tess will like him. But he is wrong, Tess disdain to Alec, she is surrender to Alec, she isnt marry to Alec as her mother ask for her, she says： “Perhaps any woman will, but I
17、exception.” This prove that Tess resist with moribund social evil force. She wouldnt wait impatiently to save herself from society fully, she would rather rely on her own efforts to be impractical on evil force under the foot. Beg that gives alms. When Alec requires Tess stay at his side, Tess respo
18、nds him firmly. “Never, never! I made up my mind as soon as I saw-what I ought to have seen sooner, and I wont come.” These also show Tesss spirit of revolt to the moribund society. Until the fact that Angel come back, Tess break out finally, “And my sin will kill him and not kill me! . O, you have
19、torn my life all to pieces . made me be what I prayed you in pity not to make me be again! . My own true husband will never, never-O God-I cant bear this! - I cannot!” 2 She has lifted the knife, killed Alec, as the severe reaction unjust to this society. Even if she has accepted the judgment of the
20、 death, she is quiet leaving finally, because she got the fairness of her heart at last, got the balance. There is only one effective method to reach the moribund resistance-kill Alce. 1.2Resistance of the Traditional Moral Concept1.2.1The Traditional Moral Concept Tess lived in a small village wher
21、e peoples concepts are traditional. They could not accept someone to violate the concept. If someone violate, they will disdain her. Angel, husband of Tess, is one of the representatives of traditional moral concepts, being even the main reason that causes Tesss tragedy. In his eyes, Tess is “what a
22、 fresh and pure daughter of nature that dairymaid is!” holy and pure, but Tess is to her honest experience abused on the past at the newly married night, because of his traditional moral concept, he has not forgiven Tess, as Tess did forgive his dissolute behavior. This shows a deep-rooted tradition
23、al chastity idea is still in his mind. Angle could not forgive Tess because there are some traditional concepts in his mind, but Tess forgives him. These prove Tesss spirit for the traditional concepts.1.2.2 Resistance of the Traditional Moral ConceptTess dare saying her own past bold, she believes
24、whether a woman is pure or not, is not to look chastity, the more important thing is the soul and quality, Tess has not been defeated after suffering misfortune. Not crushed by the traditional morals ethics idea, she still has deep love for working, relying on herself to live. Clare forgives Tess wh
25、en return after going out, which prove traditional failure of moral concept after all and make the final victory in resistance of Tess. In addition, after Tess has illegitimate children, she has not abandoned him, but bring him up until he died. Tess does not give consideration to the view of the pe
26、ople around, using her own practical action to show common people the purity of a woman losing virginity, which is resistance of her traditional moral concept to the old society too -Whether cant evaluate the womans purity or not with the womans chastity. It is obvious, Tess with her industrious and
27、 simple and sincere and strong traditional moral concept of resistance, and has won the victory.1.3 Resistance of the Hypocritical Religion1.3.1 The Hypocritical ReligionBritain followed Christianity in the 19th century, the religion was a spiritual tool that was used for liberating the people on th
28、e surface. When people see through its hypocritical side, they will resist it. Tess is also the one who object to it when looks through it. Alec turns respectable for a time with the help of old pastor, and after he meets Tess, evil thought regenerated. Tess sees through the soul of the pastor, poin
29、ting out precisely: “Dont go on with it!” she cried passionately, as she turned away from him to a stile by the wayside, on which she bent herself. “I cant believe in such sudden things! I feel indignant with you for talking to me like this, when you know-when you know what harm youve done me! You,
30、and those like you, take your fill of pleasure on earth by making the life of such as me bitter and black with sorrow, and then it is a fine thing, when you have had enough of that, to think of securing your pleasure in heaven by becoming converted! Out upon such-I dont believe in you-I hate it!” It
31、 is obvious that Tess discontented with the hypocritical religion, and Alec utilizes the coat of the religion, making the obscene behavior, scorned by Tess, the severe reaction of Tess: “But I have not defended the weak woman of ability, Alec! I am still grasping the honor of a good person in the ha
32、nd! -Think carefully -You do not feel ashamed! “This is Tess that reprimand to Alec frivolous act, pointing out Alecs mask of “good person”. Not merely, she has also beaten back the harassing and wrecking of Alec. In addition, after illegitimate child of Tess fall ill, Tess forewarns the finishing o
33、f this light life, she ignores the restraint of the religious doctrine of the religion, and has done baptism for this child. But now that her moral sorrows were passing away, a fresh one arose on the natural side of her: she knew nothing about social law. 3 When she reached home she learned that the
34、 baby had been suddenly ill since the afternoon. Such collapse had been probable, so tender and puny was its frame, but the event came as a shock nevertheless. But no one to help her, they disdain her, so Tess think the religion is hypocritical. 1.3.2 Resistance of the Hypocritical ReligionThe calmn
35、ess, which had possessed Tess since the christening, remained with her in the infants loss. In the daylight, indeed, she felt her terrors about his soul to have been somewhat exaggerated, whether well founded or not she had no uneasiness now, reasoning that if Providence would not ratify such an act
36、 of approximation she, for one, did not value the kind of heaven lost by the irregularity-either for herself or for her child. She returns reasoning and says: “If God is unwilling to sanction this kind of close method on the whole of hers, that piece lost paradise have value can speak either because
37、 this kind does not conform to normal baptism then.” Therefore Tess believes if religion is true, equal, then have the so-called paradise, if the religion is unfair to people, is hypocritical, this is what shes judgment of the religion false, at the same time it is the resistance of the hypocritical
38、 religion too, she believes real religion is true, real religion should adhere rigidly to the form, norm, otherwise would rather not believe. The above behaviors and speech have proved Tess to the hypocritical resistance of one side of religion effectively. She despises to the representative of reli
39、gion hypocritical, and it shows her spirit of revolt extremely especially to hypocritical religion.1.4 Resistance to the Unfortunate Marriage 1.4.1 The Unfortunate MarriageUnder parents advice, under the pressure of the family life, Tess has entered into dUrbervilles home, the haggling business, whi
40、ch had mainly depended on the horse, became disorganized forthwith. Durbeyfield was what was locally called a slack-twisted fellow, he had good strength to work at times, but the times could not be relied on to coincide with the hours of requirement. And having been unaccustomed to the regular toil
41、of the day laborer, he was not particularly persistent when they did so coincide. Tess, meanwhile, as the one who had dragged her parents into this quagmire, was silently wondering what she could do to help them out of it, and then her mother broached her scheme go. And it is unfortunate to suffer,
42、but she didnt want marry Alec, which would save her misfortune by obtaining the marriage. She still wants to pursue the real happiness and marriage. So, she met Clare, fall in love with him, and combine with him. In order to live in a happy life with Angel, she tried every means to forget her sad pa
43、st and treat him sincerely. After Angel knows she was raped by Alec, their relationship is torn apart, and Angel Clare leaves for Brazil, then Tess has finally been forced to marry Alec. She never feels happy in the marriage with Alec. That is the unfortunate marriage she has. She would rather bear
44、the shame sign of “woman losing virginity,” stands enormous social pressure and terrible discrimination, than to violate her own true feelings and spoil her own true love.1.4.2 Resistance Tess to the Unfortunate MarriageTess of the DUrbervilles, has a subtitle, “a pure woman”. This proves Tesss unfo
45、rtunate fight of marriage. She thinks the losing of the virgins chastity does not mean losing the purity of the love. So she again and again asks Angel: “I thought, Angel, that you loved me-me, my very self! If it is I you do love, O how can it be that you look and speak so? It frightens me! Having
46、begun to love you, I love you forever-in all changes, in all disgraces, because you are yourself. I ask no more. Then how can you, O my own husband, stop loving me?” She does not think that love must be equivalent to chastity, but believes that real love should be the idea of abandoning common custo
47、ms, natural, simple and honest. Though she fails to get understanding from Clare at the beginning when she was ready for the happy marriage that she dreams of, she never give up, still veining for a gleam of hope for the happy marriage. However, finally she could not get rid of the evil force. Befor
48、e she gets pardon from Angel, she falls into inferior trap of Alec. She killed Alec. Obtain unprecedented ease and freedom. Tess has a happiest time while catching. She leaves happily finally. She has been lived again on younger sister, who get real purity marriage without prejudice and common custo
49、ms. Chapter Two Tesss Natural Instincts Compromise, a New Woman and a Pure Woman2.1 Tesss Compromise to AlecAfter Tesss horse died, her life is change. In order to support her family, she has to live with Alec. When Tess comes across with Alec near four years later in the village of Ever Head, though Alec DUrbervilles seems first to have undergone a re