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1、附录AIntroduction to database information management systemThe database is stored together a collection of the relevant data, the data is structured, non-harmful or unnecessary redundancy, and for a variety of application services, data storage independent of the use of its procedures, insert new data
2、 on the database, revised, and the original data can be retrieved by a common and can be controlled manner. When a system in the structure of a number of entirely separate from the database, the system includes a database collection. Database management system is a manipulation and large-scale datab
3、ase management software is being used to set up, use and maintenance of the database. Its unified database management and control so as to ensure database security and integrity. Database management system users access data in the database, the database administrator through Database management syst
4、em database maintenance work. It provides a variety of functions, allows multiple applications and users use different methods at the same time or different time to build, modify, and asked whether the database. It allows users to easily manipulate data definition and maintenance of data security an
5、d integrity, as well as the multi-user concurrency control and the restoration of the database. Using the database can bring many benefits: such as reducing data redundancy, thus saving the data storage space; to achieve full sharing of data resources, and so on. In addition, the database technology
6、 also provides users with a very simple means to enable users to easily use the preparation of the database applications. Especially in recent years introduced micro-computer relational database management system , intuitive operation, the use of flexible, convenient programming environment to exten
7、sive (generally 16 machine, such as IBM / PC / XT, China Great Wall 0520, and other species can run software), data-processing capacity strong. Database in our country are being more and more widely used, will be a powerful tool of economic management. The database is through the database management
8、 system (DBMS-DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) software for data storage, management and use of micro-computer relational database management system is a database management system software. Information management system is the use of data acquisition and transmission technology, computer network techno
9、logy, database construction, multimedia technology, business needs, such as the establishment of a management platform, the platform constructed on the basis of pure software business management system (to meet the business needs for the purpose), achieving operational systems of data and informatio
10、n sharing, and based on this structure enquiries, scheduling ordecision-making system. Information system can be manual or computer-based, independent or integrated, batch or on-line. The information system is usually the various types of combination. That is, of course, it can not be independent an
11、d is integrated. 1、Independent system to meet a specific application area (for example, personnel management) design. Independent system with its own documents, which are inevitable with a certain degree of redundancy. 2、Integrated information systems through their use of the data were combined. Res
12、ource sharing system using a database to achieve integrated objectives. For example, the normal wage system requirements from the human resources and accounting systems found in the data. 3、Artificial system has been developed based on a variety of computer information systems. So far, in a computer
13、ized artificial, and still lacks design experience (or) lack of information between users and service personnel exchanges. That is to say, computer-based workflow system directly from the manual system workflow. Often, these systems are independent, and the computer just as a data processor. In the
14、design of these systems, with little regard to their integrated to the end of intent. 4、Information systems according to a batch, on-line processing or both combination classification. In a batch system and data will be handled in batches or reports. For example, banks will be a large number of cheq
15、ue code, and then the end of the day, in batches of cheques, sorting and processing. Also, in order to prevent an airline ticket agent in Atlanta and another at the same time point of sale outlets from Los Angeles to San Francisco, the last one a flight tickets, airlines must be on-line booking syst
16、em, in order to reflect the current status of the database. Most on-line information system is successful batch requirements. even if the information resources management (IRM) system, and the potential of the computer information system has been widely recognized, most of the systems is still indep
17、endent batch system. Now most of these systems have lost value, but was re-designed as an integrated, online system. By definition, we can see the comprehensive requirements of business managers and company leaders closer cooperation. Information services professionals as consultants, and the integr
18、ated information system and business areas of conflict and differences should be resolved by the user groups. Resolve these differences in order to achieve a comprehensive environmental information services staff to the challenges posed by the user manager.中文译文数据库信息管理系统简介数据库是存储在一起的相关数据的集合，这些数据是结构化的，
19、无有害的或不必要的冗余，并为多种应用服务；数据的存储独立于使用它的程序；对数据库插入新数据，修改和检索原有数据均能按一种公用的和可控制的方式进行。当某个系统中存在结构上完全分开的若干个数据库时，则该系统包含一个“数据库集合”。数据库管理系统(database management system)是一种操纵和管理数据库的大型软件，是用于建立、使用和维护数据库，简称dbms。它对数据库进行统一的管理和控制，以保证数据库的安全性和完整性。用户通过dbms访问数据库中的数据，数据库管理员也通过dbms进行数据库的维护工作。它提供多种功能，可使多个应用程序和用户用不同的方法在同时或不同时刻去建立，修改和
20、询问数据库。它使用户能方便地定义和操纵数据，维护数据的安全性和完整性，以及进行多用户下的并发控制和恢复数据库。使用数据库可以带来许多好处：如减少了数据的冗余度，从而大大地节省了数据的存储空间；实现数据资源的充分共享等等。此外，数据库技术还为用户提供了非常简便的使用手段使用户易于编写有关数据库应用程序。特别是近年来推出的微型计算机关系数据库管理系统，操作直观，使用灵活，编程方便，环境适应广泛(一般的十六位机，如IBM/PC/XT，国产长城0520等均可运行种软件)，数据处理能力极强。数据库在我国正得到愈来愈广泛的应用，必将成为经济管理的有力工具。数据库是通过数据库管理系统(DBMS-DATA B
21、ASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM)软件来实现数据的存储、管理与使用的微型计算机关系数据库管理系统就是一种数据库管理系统软件。 信息管理系统是利用数据采集与传输技术、计算机网络技术、数据库建设、多媒体技术、业务需求等建立一个管理平台，在平台的基础上构建的纯软件业务管理系统（以满足业务需求为目的），实现各业务系统之间的数据和信息共享，并在此基础上搭建查询、调度或者辅助决策系统。信息系统可以是人工的或基于计算机的，独立的或综合的，成批处理的或联机的。通常的信息系统是上述各种类型的组合。当然它不能即是独立的又是综合的。1、独立的系统是为了满足某个特定的应用领域(如，人事管理)而设计的。独立系
22、统有它自己的文件，这些文件必然带有一定的冗余性。2、综合的信息系统通过它们使用的数据而被综合在一起。系统利用一个资源共享的数据库来达到综合的目的。例如，工资系统要求正常地从人力资源系统和会计系统中找到数据。3、以人工系统为基础已经开发出各种各样的计算机信息系统。到目前为止，在进行人工计算机化时，仍然缺乏设计经验和(或)缺少信息服务人员与用户之间的交流。也就是说，基于计算机的系统的工作流程直接借鉴了人工系统的工作流程。通常这些系统是独立的，而且把计算机仅仅用作为数据处理机。在设计这些系统时，很少考虑到最终要将它们综合的意图。4、信息系统也能按成批处理、联机处理或二者组合来分类。在成批处理系统中，
23、将事务和数据分批地处理或产生报表。例如，银行将大量的支票编码，然后在一天结束时，将所在支票分批、排序并进行处理。又如，为了防止航空公司在塔拉斯一个售票点与在亚特兰大的另一个售票点同时出售从洛杉矶到旧金山的某一航班的最后一张机票，航空公司系统订票必须是联机的，以反映数据库当前的状态。多数联机信息系统也有成批处理的要求。即使出现了信息资源管理(IRM)系统，而且计算机信息系统的潜力得到了广泛的承认之后，大多数系统仍然是独立的成批处理系统。如今这些系统中多数已经失去了使用价值，而且被重新设计成综合的、联机的系统。通过定义可知，综合要求业务领域经理和公司领导密切地合作。信息服务专业人员可以作为顾问，而有关综合信息系统与业务领域的冲突和差异则应该由用户团体来解决。解决这些差异以真正实现综合的环境是信息服务人员向用户经理提出的挑战。