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1、INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY外文资料翻译资料来源：文章名：INTEGRATION OF MACHINERY Digital Image Processing书刊名：作 者：Y. Torres J. J. Pavn I. Nieto and J. A.Rodrguez章 节：2.4 INTEGRATION OF MACHINERYINTEGRATION OF MACHINERY （From ELECTRICAL AND MACHINERY INDUSTRY）ABSTRACT Machinery was the modern science and technology dev
2、elopment inevitable resultthis article has summarized the integration of machinery technology basic outlineand the development background .Summarized the domestic and foreign integration ofmachinery technology present situation has analyzed the integration of machinerytechnology trend of development
3、. Key word： integration of machinery ，technology， present situation ，productt，echnique of manufacture ，trend of development 0. Introduction modern science and technology unceasing development impelleddifferent discipline intersecting enormously with the seepage has caused the projectdomain technolog
4、ical revolution and the transformation .In mechanical engineeringdomain because the microelectronic technology and the computer technology rapiddevelopment and forms to the mechanical industry seepage the integration of machinerycaused the mechanical industry the technical structure the product orga
5、nizationthe function and the constitution the production method and the management systemhas had the huge change caused the industrial production to enter into quottheintegration of machineryquot by quotthe machinery electrificationquot for the characteristicdevelopment phase. 1. Integration of mach
6、inery outline integration of machinery is refers in theorganization new owner function the power function in the information processingfunction and the control function introduces the electronic technology unifies thesystem the mechanism and the computerization design and the software whichconstitut
7、es always to call. The integration of machinery development also has becomeone to have until now own system new discipline not only develops along with thescience and technology but also entrusts with the new content .But its basiccharacteristic may summarize is: The integration of machinery is emba
8、rks from thesystem viewpoint synthesis community technologies and so on utilization mechanicaltechnology microelectronic technology automatic control technology computertechnology information technology sensing observation and control technologyelectric power electronic technology connection technol
9、ogy information conversiontechnology as well as software programming technology according to the systemfunction goal and the optimized organization goal reasonable disposition and thelayout various functions unit in multi-purpose high grade redundant reliable inthe low energy consumption significanc
10、e realize the specific function value andcauses the overall system optimization the systems engineering technology .From thisproduces functional system then becomes an integration of machinery systematic orthe integration of machinery product. Therefore quotintegration of machineryquot coveringquott
11、echnologyquot and quotproductquot two aspects .Only is the integration of machinerytechnology is based on the above community technology organic fusion one kind ofcomprehensive technology but is not mechanical technical the microelectronictechnology as well as other new technical simple combination
12、pieces together .Thisis the integration of machinery and the machinery adds the machinery electrificationwhich the electricity forms in the concept basic difference .The mechanicalengineering technology has the merely technical to develop the machineryelectrification still was the traditional machin
13、ery its main function still wasreplaces with the enlargement physical strength .But after develops the integrationof machinery micro electron installment besides may substitute for certainmechanical parts the original function but also can entrust with many new functionslike the automatic detection
14、the automatic reduction information demonstrate therecord the automatic control and the control automatic diagnosis and the protectionautomatically and so on .Not only namely the integration of machinery product ishumans hand and body extending humans sense organ and the brains look has theintellect
15、ualized characteristic is the integration of machinery and the machineryelectrification distinguishes in the function essence. 2. Integration of machinery development condition integration of machinerydevelopment may divide into 3 stages roughly.20th century 60s before for the firststage this stage
16、is called the initial stage .In this time the people determinationnot on own initiative uses the electronic technology the preliminary achievement toconsummate the mechanical product the performance .Specially in Second World Warperiod the war has stimulated the mechanical product and the electronic
17、 technologyunion these mechanical and electrical union military technology postwar transferscivilly to postwar economical restoration positive function .Developed and thedevelopment at that time generally speaking also is at the spontaneouscondition .Because at that time the electronic technology de
18、velopment not yetachieved certain level mechanical technical and electronic technology union alsonot impossible widespread and thorough development already developed the productwas also unable to promote massively. The 20th century 7080 ages for the second stagemay be called the vigorous development
19、 stage .This time the computer technologythe control technology the communication development has laid the technology basefor the integration of machinery development . Large-scale ultra large scaleintegrated circuit and microcomputer swift and violent development has provided thefull material base
20、for the integration of machinery development .This timecharacteristic is :A mechatronics word first generally is accepted in Japanprobably obtains the quite widespread acknowledgment to 1980s last stages in theworldwide scale The integration of machinery technology and the product obtainedthe enormo
21、us development The various countries start to the integration ofmachinery technology and the product give the very big attention and the support.1990s later periods started the integration of machinery technology the new stagewhich makes great strides forward to the intellectualized direction the in
22、tegrationof machinery enters the thorough development time .At the same time optics thecommunication and so on entered the integration of machinery processes thetechnology also zhan to appear tiny in the integration of machinery the footappeared the light integration of machinery and the micro integ
23、ration of machineryand so on the new branch On the other hand to the integration of machinery systemmodeling design the analysis and the integrated method the integration ofmachinery discipline system and the trend of development has all conducted thethorough research .At the same time because the h
24、ugeprogress which domains and so on artificial intelligence technology neural networktechnology and optical fiber technology obtain opened the development vast worldfor the integration of machinery technology .These research will urge theintegration of machinery further to establish the integrity th
25、e foundation and formsthe integrity gradually the scientific system. Our country is only then starts fromthe beginning of 1980s in this aspect to study with the application .The State Councilhad been established the integration of machinery leading group and lists as quot863plansquot this technology
26、 .When formulated quot95quot the plan and in 2010 developed thesummary had considered fully on international the influence which and possiblybrought from this about the integration of machinery technology developmenttrend .Many universities colleges and institutes the development facility and somela
27、rge and middle scale enterprises have done the massive work to this technicaldevelopment and the application does not yield certain result but and so on theadvanced countries compared with Japan still has the suitable disparity. 3. Integration of machinery trend of development integrations of machin
28、ery arethe collection machinery the electron optics the control the computer theinformation and so on the multi-disciplinary overlapping syntheses its developmentand the progress rely on and promote the correlation technology development and theprogress .Therefore the integration of machinery main d
29、evelopment direction is asfollows: 3.1 Intellectualized intellectualizations are 21st century integration ofmachinery technological development important development directions .Theartificial intelligence obtains day by day in the integration of machineryconstructors research takes the robot and the
30、 numerical control engine bedintellectualization is the important application .Here said quottheintellectualizationquot is to the machine behavior description is in the control theoryfoundation the absorption artificial intelligence the operations research thecomputer science the fuzzy mathematics t
31、he psychology the physiology and the chaosdynamics and so on the new thought the new method simulate the human intelligenceenable it to have abilities and so on judgment inference logical thinkingindependent decision-making obtains the higher control goal in order to .Indeedenable the integration of
32、 machinery product to have with the human identicalintelligence is not impossible also is nonessential .But the high performancethe high speed microprocessor enable the integration of machinery product to havepreliminary intelligent or humans partial intelligences then is completelypossible and esse
33、ntial. In the modern manufacture process the information has become the controlmanufacture industry the determining factor moreover is the most active actuationfactor .Enhances the manufacture system information-handling capacity to become themodern manufacture science development a key point .As a
34、result of the manufacturesystem information organization and structure multi-level makes the information thegain the integration and the fusion presents draws up the character informationmeasure multi-dimensional as well as information organizations multi-level .In themanufacture information structu
35、ral model manufacture information uniform restraintdissemination processing and magnanimous data aspects and so on manufacture knowledgelibrary management all also wait for further break through. Each kind of artificial intelligence tool and the computation intelligence methodpromoted the manufactur
36、e intelligence development in the manufacture widespreadapplication .A kind based on the biological evolution algorithm computationintelligent agent in includes thescheduling problem in the combination optimization solution area of technologyreceives the more and more universal attention hopefully c
37、ompletes the combinationoptimization question when the manufacture the solution speed and the solutionprecision aspect breaks through the question scale in pairs the restriction .Themanufacture intelligence also displays in: The intelligent dispatch the intelligentdesign the intelligent processing t
38、he robot study the intelligent control theintelligent craft plan the intelligent diagnosis and so on are various These question key breakthrough may form the product innovation the basicresearch system. Between 2 modern mechanical engineering front science differentscience overlapping fusion will ha
39、ve the new science accumulation the economicaldevelopment and societys progress has had the new request and the expectation tothe science and technology thus will form the front science .The front science alsohas solved and between the solution scientific question border area .The front sciencehas t
40、he obvious time domain the domain and the dynamic characteristic .The projectfront science distinguished in the general basic science important characteristicis it has covered the key science and technology question which the project actualappeared. Manufacture system is a complex large-scale system
41、 for satisfies the manufacturesystem agility the fast response and fast reorganization ability must profit fromthe information science the life sciences and the social sciences and so on themulti-disciplinary research results the exploration manufacture system newarchitecture the manufacture pattern
42、 and the manufacture system effectiveoperational mechanism .Makes the system optimization the organizational structureand the good movement condition is makes the system modeling the simulation andthe optimized essential target .Not only the manufacture system new architecture tomakes the enterprise
43、 the agility and may reorganize ability to the demand responseability to have the vital significance moreover to made the enterprise first floorproduction equipment the flexibility and may dynamic reorganization ability set ahigher request .The biological manufacture view more and more many is intro
44、duced themanufacture system satisfies the manufacture system new request. The study organizes and circulates method and technique of complicated systemfrom the biological phenomenon is a valid exit which will solve many hard nut tocracks that manufacturing industry face from now on currently .Imitat
45、ing to livingwhat manufacturing point is mimicry living creature organ of from the organizationfrom match more from growth with from evolution etc. function structure and circulatemode of a kind of manufacturing system and manufacturing process. The manufacturing drives in the mechanism under contin
46、uously by ones ownperfect raise on organizing structure and circulating mode and thus to adapt theprocess ofwith ability for the environment .For from descend but the last productproceed together a design and make a craft rules the auto of the distance born producesystem of dynamic state reorganizat
47、ion and product and manufacturing the system tendautomatically excellent provided theories foundation and carry out acondition .Imitate to living a manufacturing to belong to manufacturing science andlife science ofquotthe far good luck is miscellaneous to hand overquot it will produceto the manufac
48、turing industry for 21 centuries huge of influence . 机电一体化 摘要 机电一体化是现代科学技术发展的必然结果本文简述了机电一体化技术的基本概要和发展背景。综述了国内外机电一体化技术的现状，分析了机电一体化技术的发展趋势。 关键词 机电一体化 技术 现状 产品 制造技术 发展趋势1 绪论 现代科学技术的不断发展，极大地推动了不同学科的交叉与渗透，导致了工程领域的技术革命与改造。在机械工程领域，由于微电子技术和计算机技术的迅速发展及其向机械工业的渗透所形成的机电一体化，使机械工业的技术结构、产品机构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化
49、，使工业生产由机械电气化迈入了机电一体化为特征的发展阶段。2机电一体化概要 机电一体化是指在机构得主功能、动力功能、信息处理功能和控制功能上引进电子技术，将机械装置与电子化设计及软件结合起来所构成的系统的总称。 机电一体化发展至今也已成为一门有着自身体系的新型学科，随着科学技术的不但发展，还将被赋予新的内容。但其基本特征可概括为：机电一体化是从系统的观点出发，综合运用机械技术、微电子技术、自动控制技术、计算机技术、信息技术、传感测控技术、电力电子技术、接口技术、信息变换技术以及软件编程技术等群体技术，根据系统功能目标和优化组织目标，合理配置与布局各功能单元，在多功能、高质量、高可靠性、低能耗的意义上实现特定功能价值，并使整个系统最优化的系统工程技术。由此而产生的功能系统，则成为一个机电一体化系统或机电一体化产品。 因此，机电一体化涵盖技术和产品两个方面。只是，机电一体化技术是基于上述群体技术有机融合的一种综合技术，而不是机械技术、微电子技术以及其它新技术的简单组合、拼凑。这是机电一体化与机械加电气所形成的机械电气化在概念上的根本区别。机械工程技术有纯技术发展到机械电气化，仍属传统机械，其主要功能依然是代替和放大的体力。但是发展到机电一体化后，其中的微电子装置除可取代某些机械部件的原有功能外，还能赋予许还能赋予许多新的功