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1、杭州电子科技大学毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译毕业设计（论文）题目串行总线PC中继软件翻译（1）题目改进的双串行数据刷新率通用串行总线端口采集系统翻译（2）题目串行总线的触发时序分配 系统学 院计算机学院专 业计算机信息与技术姓 名班 级学 号指导教师译文一改进的双串行数据刷新率通用串行总线端口采集系统 Syed Sulaiman Bin Kaja Mohideen Depart电子与通信工程国家能源大学雪兰莪州，马来西亚Shamsul Bahari Mohd Noor电气与电子部组织 马来西亚博特拉大学 雪兰莪州，马来西亚摘要之前，通用串行总线（USB）技术已经比较普遍，有一些软件和硬件开发了
2、大量的计算机外设等传统的基础上通用接口总线（GPIB - IEEE488接口）的外部接口，并口，串口和PS / 2。这些定制软件开发和硬件电脑外设周边相比，至少是基于USB的设计难度。对于困难的主要原因是，USB的设计以用户为基础的，但不是开发商为基础的。出于这个原因，许多开发人员将使用传统的港口保持在设计自己的自定义应用程序。为了支持新的USB端口只有传统PC的接口，在市场上有转换旧设备外部端口为USB。该转换器之一是USB转双串口转换器。在市场上，有的产品大部分都是可随时可用。然而，缺乏这样的能力来访问串口同时可降低数据刷新速率一定的能力。本文的主要目的是讨论在设计与连接两个同时访问的数据
3、更新率提高串行设备能力的USB到串口转换器技术。关键词分量，USB，串口，数据采集 导言 之前，通用串行总线（USB）技术已经比较普遍，有一些软件和硬件开发了大量的电脑周边传统像通用接口总线外部接口的1（GPIB的IEEE488接口），并行端口，串行端口和的PS / 2。这些定制软件开发和硬件计算机外设少周边相比，困难是基于USB的设计。对于困难的主要原因是，USB的设计以用户友好的，但不是开发商友好。出于这个原因，许多开发人员将使用传统的港口保持在设计自己的自定义应用程序。然而，在USB的普及已经到了在某种程度上，新的电脑和笔记本电脑厂商有任何限制的传统端口号或已排除所有港口和取代了传统的只
4、有USB端口。这些新的趋势已经引起了开发商的开发工具仍然在传统的港口依托的问题。在虚拟环境研究之一2，开发人员都纳入了RS 232以及USB接口，因为其他两个传感器可使用RS232协议。本研究的系统集成布局是在图1。这一系统将永远无法成为一个较新的笔记本电脑上部署。 对这个问题的直接解决方案之一是使用传统的USB接口转换器。这些转换器有助于他们把完整的USB协议，简单的传统端口协议与很少或几乎没有在软件和硬件系统的影响。通过使用这种转换器，开发如提过，谁仍然依赖于传统的港口仍可以部署的计算机上只有USB端口（S）系统及应用。这些转换器之一是双串口到USB（DSP2U）转换器。该DSP2U转换器
5、的功能是提供与RS -232协议两个串行端口。其中一个使用者与转换器来提供了两个虚拟的操作系统（OS）的COM端口。该转换器最多允许两个设备连接到个人计算机（PC）和将在一时间能沟通和从PC一 二。输出刷新速率 有迹象表明，需要多投入进行处理以获得所需的输出某些应用。输出的好果率（时间为输出后，发生效力采取了有效的投入），主要是由用于输入（S）以成为有效所需的时间生效。如果将输入（S）以成为有效所需的时间很慢，那么输出刷新速率将是缓慢的，反之亦然。 该系统的多个输入3可纳入案件DSP2U转换器有两个输入收购完成使用RS 232协议4，而用来处理数据的电脑没有串口支持RS 232协议。的应用之一
6、是从两个类似物数据获取到数字转换器（ADC）与通用串行异步接收发送器（USART）模块，支持RS 232协议模块。这两个ADC模块连接到转换器模块通过DSP2U电脑。有连接到每个ADC模块之一，ADC将转换成模拟信号，模拟传感器的10位的数字值， 发送转换值使用的USART模块，通过DSP2U到PC。这种硬件配置如图2所示。如果DSP2U利用虚拟端口使用的概念，必须发送发送数据后，由另外一两个ADC。由于数据可以onlybe收到一次，为总投入的时间将采取有效从ADC 1的数据到达加上从ADC 1的数据所需的时间到达的时间。 三。输入数据到达 其中有一些影响的时间采取的有效投入，到达很多参数。这
7、些参数包括ADC的转换时间，USART/RS-232波特率和USB数据传输速率。以下是用于接收来自ADC如果使用的是虚拟端口的概念数据序列。 PC必须通过发送请求通过串行链路的字符从ADC 1的数据。然后，ADC的1便可进行转换和发送两个字节（10位转换）回到PC上的数据。接下来，PC将通过发送请求通过串行连接字符2数据从ADC。然后，ADC的2将进行转换和发送两个字节的数据。所有程序所需的时间以上是输入数据到达的总时间计算，可使用“（1）”。第一个产品是计算和ADC ADC的1 2总转换时间。第二师是计算数据所需的时间要发送/接收（48位或6个字节，其中2个字节的请求转换是由两个和4个ADC
8、转换数据字节）通过的USART的波特率而定。最后的表决是采取发送/通过USB（全速版）接收的时间 TIDR计输入数据到达时间 的C - ADC的转换时间 可以改善的TIDR如果串行端口可以同时访问。在这种情况下，PC将发送两个字符，一个每个ADC同时使用一个DSP2U的改进版本。然后，两个ADC便开始转换。接下来，无论是ADC将发送两个字节的数据同步到PC。输入数据的到达时间可以计算出总使用“（2）”。 第一个产品是计算和ADC ADC的1 2总转换时间。因为从PC命令无论对ADC的同时传送，转换时间缩短了一半。第二师是计算数据所需的时间要发送/接收（18位或3个字节，其中1个字节的请求转换和
9、2字节的转换 ADC数据都通过了USART），取决于波特率。最后的表决是采取发送/接收通过USB（全速版）的时间。 基本上，这个想法提高数据刷新速度的负担转移到通过高速传输连接（USB）的大部分数据，减少数据传输速度上的降低是USART的链接，或RS - 232。 四。改进的DSP2U 该DSP2U代改进版本消除与上游和下游的数据数组它的虚拟端口的使用。下游阵列是结构从PC所有的数据流的串行端口都。上游数组用于结构所有从连接到串行端口的数组是重复的四个字节组成套设备接收到的数据都流。在集合的第一个字节是为了表明对串行设备1的数据，第二个字节为序列装置1中的数据，第三个字节是表明串行设备和第四个
10、字节的数据是串行数据设备2。图3将说明和一个数据rray内容的例子 该DSP2U由两个不同的模块，将USB ontroller和USART的平行，如图4个模块。他的USB控制器负责接收从主机C数据并传送到设备，并从设备接收数据届发送到PC主机。每当DSP2U收到ownstream阵列，4组数据组成，它会emove发送的地址字节和数据字节只有这两个模块的萨尔到并行同时使用两个8位总线ATA总线和握手。 到USART的并行模块将与他沟通，外部串行设备（ADC）的。另一方面，对并行模块萨尔也将获得从连接在那里将串行数据转换的第二把并行数据总线它的里尔设备的数据。然后，将USART模块将通知到aral
11、lel的USB控制器使用andshaking。接下来，然后将USB控制器结构他通过插入相应的地址字节o允许个人电脑，以确定哪些数据属于哪个串行evice数据流。 五，结果 同时为DSP2U TIDR已获得不同 波特率并显示在表一和图5。 从表1可以看出，中邦使用mproved DSP2U，TIDR值的所有badurate alues降低。图5图显示，在低波特率，之间的DSP2U和改进DSP2U差分可以通过电子邮件清晰可见。 六。结论 能够同时获得两个串行端口，以改善电子学习产品通过减少TIDR输出刷新率。他的能力是需要在一个非常利基领域，两个串行evices的使用和数据需要同步。由于他能够同步
12、两个串行数据，应用程序equires多个同步输入可设计 而不需要外部同步。在本文所讨论的ethodology，可应用于其他阿拉木图采集系统。进一步的工作可以做ncrease系统的能力。 参考文献1 Han Xiaoru and Gao Yudong, “Design and Implementation of theUniversal RS232-GPIB Interface,” Electronic Measurement and Instruments, 2007. Aug. 16 2007-July 18 2007 Page(s):3-220 - 3-2232 Young-Il Oh,
13、Kyoung-Hwan Jo and Jihong Lee, “Low Cost MotionCapture System for PC-based Immersive Virtual Environment (PIVE)System”, SICE-ICASE International Joint Conference, Oct. 18-21, 20063 Jagannathan, S.; Aghajan, H.; Goldsmith, A.;” The effect of timesynchronization errors on the performance of cooperativ
14、e MISOsystems,” Global Telecommunications Conference Workshops, 2004.GlobeCom Workshops 2004. IEEE.4 C.L. Tseng , J.A. Jiang , R. G. Lee , F.M. Lub, C.S. Ouyang, Y.S. Chen and C.H. Chang, “Feasibility study on appof GSMSMS technology tofield data acquisition”, Computers and Electronics in Agricultur
15、e 53(2006) 45 59K. Elissa, “Title of paper if known,” unpublished.外文原文一Improvement of Data Refresh Rate for Dual SerialPort to Universal Serial Bus Acquisition SystemSyed Sulaiman Bin Kaja Mohideen Depart. Of Electronics and Communication Eng.Universiti Tenaga NasionalSelangor, MalaysiaShamsul Bahar
16、i Mohd NoorElectrical and Electronic Department organizationUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSelangor, MalaysiaAbstract Before the Universal Serial Bus(USB) Technologies has become popular, there are a lot of software and hardware computer peripheral development based on traditional external interface like
17、General Purpose Interface Bus ( GPIB- IEEE488), parallel port, serial port and PS/2. Developing these custom software and hardware computer peripheral is less difficult as compared to peripheral that is designed based on USB. The main reason for the difficulty is that the USB is designed to be user
18、friendly but not developer friendly. For that reason, many developers will maintain using the traditional port when designing their custom application. To support traditional interface on newer PC with only USB port, there are devices in the market to convert the old external port to USB. One of the
19、 converters is the USB to dual serial converter. In the market, there are products which are readily available. However, it lacks of certain capability such as the ability to access serial port simultaneously which reduce the data refresh rate. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss technique
20、in designing a USB to serial converter with capability of connecting two serial devices which is accessible simultaneously to improve the data refresh rate.Keywords-component; USB, serial port, data acquisitionI. INTRODUCTIONBefore the Universal Serial Bus (USB) Technologies has become popular, ther
21、e are a lot of software and hardware computer peripheral development were based on traditional external interface like General Purpose Interface Bus 1 ( GPIB- IEEE488), parallel port, serial port and PS/2. Developing these custom software and hardware computer peripheral is less difficult as compare
22、d to peripheral that is design based on USB. The main reason for the difficulty is that the USB is designed to be user friendly but not developer friendly. For that reason, many developers will maintain using the traditional port when designing their custom application. However, the popularity of th
23、e USB has come to the extent that manufacturer of new computer and laptop had either limit the number of traditional port or has excluded all the traditional ports and replace it with only USB ports. These new trend has cause a problem for the developer whose development tools still relying on the t
24、raditional port. In one of the virtual environment research2, the developer has incorporated both the RS 232 as well as USB interface because the other two sensors available use RS232 protocol. The system integration layout of the research is given in Figure 1. This system will never be able to be d
25、eployed on a newer laptop. One of the immediate solutions of the problem is to use USB to traditional port converter. These converter help to translate complete USB protocol to simple traditional port protocol with minimal or virtually no impact on the software and hardware system. By using this con
26、verter, the developer such as mention before, who still rely on the traditional port can still deploy the system and application on a computer that only has USB port(s). One of these converters is the Dual Serial Port to USB (DSP2U) converter. The function of the DSP2U converter is to provide two se
27、rial ports with RS -232 protocols. A driver which comes with the converter provides two virtual COM port on the Operating System (OS). The converter allows up to two devices to be connected to the personal computer (PC) and will be able to communicate to and from PC one at a timeII. OUTPUT REFRESH R
28、ATEThere are certain applications that require multiple inputs to be processed to get the desired output. The fresh rate of the output (time taken for the output to become valid after the inputs have valid) is mainly effected by the time taken for the input(s) to become valid. If the time taken for
29、the input(s) to become valid is slow then the output refresh rate will be slow and vice versa. The multiple inputs system 3 may incorporate DSP2U converter in the case that there are two inputs acquisition done using RS 232 protocol 4 while the PC used to process the data does not have serial port t
30、o support the RS 232 protocol. One of the applications is to acquire data from two Analogues to Digital Converter (ADC) module with Universal Serial Asynchronous Receive Transmit (USART) module to support the RS 232 protocol. The two ADC modules are connected to a PC through DSP2U converter module.
31、There are analogue sensors connected to each one of the ADC module The ADC will convert the analogue signals to a 10 bit digital value andsent the converted values using USART module to PC through DSP2U. This hardware configuration is shown in Figure 2. If the DSP2U used utilize virtual port concept
32、, the data sent must be sent one after the other by the two ADC. Since the data can onlybe received one at a time, the total time for the inputs to be valid will be the time taken for the data from ADC 1 to arrive plus the time taken for the data from ADC 1 to arrive.III. INPUT DATA ARRIVALThere are
33、 a lot of parameters which effect the time taken for the input to arrive and valid. These parameters include the ADC conversion time, USART/RS-232 baudrate and USB data transfer rate. Following is the sequence for receiving data from ADC if using the virtual port concept. The PC must request data fr
34、om ADC 1 by sending a character through the serial link. Then, the ADC 1 will proceed with the conversion and send the data in two bytes (10 bit conversion) back to PC. Next, the PC will request data from ADC 2 by sending a character through the serial link. Then, the ADC 2 will proceed with convers
35、ion and send the data in two bytes. The time taken for all process above is the total time of input data arrival which can be calculated using “(1)”. The first product is to calculate the total conversion time of ADC 1 and ADC 2. The second division is to calculate time taken for the data to be sent
36、/received (48 bits or 6 bytes of which 2 bytes are for request conversion and 4 bytes for conversion data by both the ADC) through the USART depending on the baudrate. The last division is the time taken to send/receive through USB (Full speed version)TIDR- Total time of Input Data ArrivalC- ADC con
37、version timeThe TIDR can be improved if the serial ports can be accessed simultaneously. In this case, the PC will send the two characters, one to each ADC simultaneously using an improved version of DSP2U. Then, both ADC will start the conversion. Next, both the ADC will send two bytes of data simu
38、ltaneously to PC. The total time of input data arrival can be calculated using “(2)”.The first product is to calculate the total conversion time of ADC 1 and ADC 2. Since the command from the PC to both the ADC is send simultaneously, the conversion time has been reduced by half. The second division
39、 is to calculate the time taken for the data to be send/receive (18 bits or 3 bytes of which 1 byte for request conversion and 2 bytes for conversiondata by both the ADC) through the USART depending on the baudrate. The last division is the time taken to send/receive through USB (Full speed version)
40、.Basically, the idea to improve the data refresh rate to transfer the burden to transmit most of the data through high speed link (USB) and minimize data transfer on the lower speed link which is the USART or Rs-232.IV. IMPROVING THE DSP2UThe Improved version of the DSP2U eliminates the usage of vir
41、tual port by substituting it the with upstream and downstream data array. The downstream array is to construct all the stream of data from PC to both of the serial ports. The upstream array is used to construct all the streams of data received from devices connected to both of the serial port The ar
42、ray is consisting of four sets of repetitive bytes. The first byte in a set is to indicate data for serial device 1, the second byte is the data for serial device 1, the third byte is to indicate data for serial device and the fourth byte is the data for serial device 2. Figure 3 will illustrate and
43、 example of the content of a data rray The DSP2U consist of two different modules, the USB ontroller and the USART to parallel modules as in Figure 4. he USB controller is responsible to receive data from the host C and send it to the device and to receive data from the device nd send it to the host
44、 PC. Whenever the DSP2U receives the ownstream array which consists of 4 set of data, it will emove the address byte and send only data bytes to both the SART to Parallel module simultaneously using the two 8 bits ata bus and handshaking bus.The USART to Parallel module will then communicate with he
45、 external serial device (ADC). On the other hand, the SART to Parallel module will also receive data from the erial device connected where it will translate the serial data nd put it on the parallel data bus. Then, the USART to arallel module will inform the USB controller using andshaking. Next, th
46、e USB controller will then construct he data stream by inserting the appropriate address byte o allow the PC to identify which data belongs to which serial evice.V. RESULTSTIDR for both the DSP2U has been obtained for differentbaudrate and shown in Table I and in Figure 5.From Table 1, it can be cle
47、ary seen that by using the mproved DSP2U, the TIDR value reduces for all the badurate alues. The graph in Figure 5, shows that at low baudrate, the ifference between the DSP2U and the improved DSP2U can e clearly seen.VI. CONCLUSIONThe ability to access two serial ports simultaneously elps to improv
48、e the output refresh rate by reducing the TIDR. his ability is needed in a very niche area where two serial evices are used and the data needs to be synchronized. With he ability to synchronize the two serial data, application that equires multiple synchronized inputs can be designedwithout the need for an external synchronizer. The ethodology discussed in this paper, can be applied in other ata acquisition systems. Further works can be done to ncrease the capability of the system.REFE