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1、Foreign source ：Friends of the accounting, in 2009 (30) 84 85Enterprise receivables management analysed【 abstract 】 in order to meet the expanding sales and increase the competitiveness of the enterprises, reduce inventory, reduce inventory risk and management expenses need, the business activities
2、in El often created accounts receivable. Accounts receivable is the enterprise is an important, the risk is bigger liquid assets, its quality is good or bad for a business often has had a significant impact. Because of the important account receivable, according to some accounts receivable managemen
3、t and accounting, points out the existing problems in the disadvantages of account receivable mismanagement, and puts forward some to strengthen the management of accounts receivable practices.【 keywords 】 receivables; The provision for; Management riskAccounts receivable is the enterprise is an imp
4、ortant, the risk is bigger liquid assets, its quality is good or bad for a business often has had a significant impact. These long-term difficult to recover the accounts receivable existence, seriously affected the enterprise. The normal production and business enterprise management costs, increased
5、 to different extent some enterprise into a financial crisis.1.The role of account receivable. Expand sales, increase the competitiveness of the enterprises in the fierce market competition situation, is to promote the sales of credit is an important way. Enterprise credit is actually to provide cus
6、tomers with the two transactions, to customer selling products, and in a limited period introverted customers funds. In credit-tightening, market weakness, lack of money, the promotion with obvious credit for enterprise sales role. New products and explore new market is more important significance.R
7、educe inventory, reduce inventory risk and management costs. To the enterprise to hold finished goods inventory additional fee, warehousing costs and insurance expenses; Instead, the enterprise to hold accounts receivable, you do not need the spending. Therefore, when the enterprise products invento
8、ry more for long time, generally can use more favorable credit conditions, the inventory into pipes receivable and reduce finished goods in stock, save related expenses.2.Accounts receivable in the management of the existing problemsAccounts receivable is broad, fixed number of year long. AmountsEnt
9、erprise to accounts receivable accounting is not standard. According to the provisions of the state financial and accounting systems. Accounts receivable is accounting enterprise for selling goods or services to happen to purchase unit shall be recovered or accept labor unit payments. But the enterp
10、rise did not strictly according to the provisions of the accounting enterprise receivables. Cause some should not be in the project accounting money also included in the project, cause accounts receivable accounting has no reality.The account receivable NPLS not timely, to the enterprise confirmed t
11、he appearance of virtually increased asset caused. Because enterprise to accounts receivable slackened management, especially some enterprise also to accounts receivable as means of adjusting profit. So on the account receivable SiZhang confirmation on staying there some problems. Is mainly to stay
12、SiZhang has already formed the receivables confirm fast enough, for many years in the accounts receivable formed account long-term, eased some already cant withdraw, this provision for the provision for no provision of virtual enterprise assets, causing thickening.Because some of the managers and op
13、erators enterprise financial management consciousness and lack of management concept. To accounts receivable is lack of effective management and collect investigation the author feel. In Shanxi Province in the part of the province tube enterprise still exist serious planned economy of ideas, these p
14、eople to the market economy cant say dont understand, also cannot say dont understand, the main thing is not starts from oneself, and in practical work is often said the much, do less. Thought is drunk on the production and business operation this center, not how to do well management finance the pr
15、imacy, failed to do the business management financial management as the center. Financial management to fund management as the center. The management of funds and use only paying attention to how to borrow and spend money, not for existing resources and capital for effective configuration and mobili
16、ze. Cause enterprise produced a considerable amount of receivables, also do not actively from the Angle of strengthening management, so lots of money to clean up the long-term retention outside. Affected the enterprise normal production and operation activities and the efficient use of the funds.3.T
17、he drawbacks of the receivable mismanagementReduce enterprise funds use efficiency, make enterprise profits down because of enterprise logistics and cash flow not consistent, merchandise shipped, prescribing sales invoices. Payment is not keeping pace recovery, and sales have established, this not u
18、p recovery entry sales. Certainly will cause no cash inflow generated sales tax on profits and losses, and sales income paid and years be paid in advance. If involves span more than to sales revenue account receivable. Then can produce enterprise by current assets paid annual shareholders dividend.
19、Enterprise for such pursuit arising from the pad surface benefits and tax payment paid shareholders take up a lot of liquidity, as time passes will influence enterprise capital turnover. Which led to the enterprise actual operation situation veiled. Influence enterprise production plan and sales pla
20、n, etc, cant realize the set benefit goal.Exaggerated enterprise operating results. Because our country enterprise executes accounting foundation is the accrual (receivable meet system). The current credit happened all to write down current income. Therefore, the enterprise account profit increase d
21、oes not mean that can meet the schedule of realizing cash inflows. Accounting system requires the enterprise in accordance with the percentage of account receivable balance to extract the provision for, the provision for a 5% rates generally for 3% (special enterprise except). If the actual loss of
22、bad happened more than extract the provision for, will give enterprise to bring the great loss. Therefore, the enterprise of account receivable existence. On the TAB virtually increased sales income. In oerstate enterprise operation results. Increased risks of an enterprise cost.Speeding up the ente
23、rprises cash outflows. Sell on credit although can make the enterprise produces more profits, but did not make enterprise cash inflows increase, on the contrary make enterprise had to use limited liquidity to various taxes and fees paid, accelerate the enterprises cash outflows, main performance for
24、:Enterprise tax payments. Accounts receivable bring sales income. Not actually receive cash, turnover is computational basis with sales, the enterprise must on time pay by cash. Enterprise pay tax as value added tax, business tax, consumption tax, resources tax and urban construction tax, inevitable
25、 meeting with sales revenue increases.Income tax payments. Accounts receivable generate revenue, but not in cash income tax, and realizing cash payment must on time.Cash the distribution of the profits. Also exist such problems. In addition, the cost of the management of accounts receivable and acco
26、unts receivable recycling costs will accelerate enterprise cash outflows.The business cycle has influence on enterprise. Operating cycle from obtain inventory to the sales that inventory and withdraw cash this time so far. Operating cycle depends on inventory turnover days and accounts receivable tu
27、rnover days, the business cycle is combined. From that. Unreasonable accounts receivable existence, make business cycle extended, affected the enterprise capital circulation, make a lot of liquidity precipitation in non-productive link. Cause enterprise cash shortage, influence salaries and raw mate
28、rial purchasing, serious impact on the enterprise normal production and operation.Increased receivables management process. Error probability, brings to the enterprise enterprise to face the additional loss accounts receivable account, possibly to the timely discovery, accounting errors can prompt u
29、nderstanding and other receivables accounts receivable dynamic enterprise details. Cause responsibility unclear. Accounts receivable contract, Taiwan about, commitments, the formalities of examination and approval of such material scattered, lost may make the enterprise has happened on the account r
30、eceivable unable to receive the full recovery of repayment, the only partially withdraw through legal means. Can recover, but due to material not whole and cannot be recovered, until eventually form the enterprise assets loss.4.To strengthen the management of accounts receivable methodComprehensive
31、comb, and establish material parameter. For enterprise all kinds of receivables launch a comprehensive system of comb, queuing, check the work. Because in past economic activity business minority, inefficient pattern. Hard to adapt to the market economy requirement, the law of development in the inc
32、reasingly fierce market competition gradually be eliminated, the enterprise is in production, BanTingChan, failed state, has formed a widespread accounts receivable account for a long (most age 3 years), former party leave the state of operation and the debtor changes etc. Phenomenon, to clear a che
33、ck increase the difficulty. Workers should browse a large number of original documents, traced back to carefully each individual accounts receivable from the nature, time, happened contents, amount. According to zhang age, systems, area and the possibility of recovery of accounts receivable are clas
34、sified. Carefully analyzed collection verify each sum of money and amount. And this system, more likely way back near the door check account receivable; Way to outside the system, and is unlikely to far back of receivables through telephone enquiries, enterprise sent a letter, lawyers sent a letter
35、way to undertake checking: some not so clear accounts receivable multilateral bug verification. Please go back to the original sales personnel, agent help check to ensure that the data obtained by the accurate, reliable and accurate data collected in the visiting for the future of written-off receiv
36、ables smoothly provide effective legal evidence. More importantly, with the debtor written-off receivables personnel and check accounts concerning the debtor family residence, operation sites, property status, income level made a comprehensive and detailed understanding, and according to the command
37、 of the debtor to evaluate solvency debt-repaying possibility. Judge, lock key goals for the next great written-off receivables smoothly and lay the foundation.Multi-pronged approach.we great effort, increase. After the preparation work or do. Accounts receivable written-off receivables entered the
38、substantial punish collect crucial stage. In actual work, in order to give attention to collect the magnificence of the enterprise with benefit, one of the debtor to classify, different properties analysis of the debtor to adopt targeted collect method, in order to make the whole written-off receiva
39、bles achieved good effect. The debtor to business clients. To possess management qualification, sound system, assets in good condition of customers, after consultations communication with the other, try to take groovy gathering way, so that both the collect keep good business cooperation relations;
40、But for malicious long-term default behavior, used first lawyer in demand for collection, correspondence is invalid cases, still choose be representative of the debtor to court, apply for a court for compulsory execution. In the majesty of the law, the other group of a deterrent to repay the debtor
41、will repay arrears, self-consciously plays to the whole written-off receivables to point the impetus with. On the system internal worker arrears. For system inside worker due to illness, life difficult, and many other reason formed non-business temporary loan, first of all, issued a document, clearl
42、y stipulates that deadline repossessed; Secondly, a large amount of arrears. Indeed, in a difficult to pay off after consultation with staff. Payment agreement signed. Divide second month in salary charged or deduct; Finally, the internal to laid-off employees and have extra-large disease worker, it
43、s economy is really difficult to repay embarrassment. In a humane treatment, offer certain debt relief. Such already make whole written-off receivables reach the expected effect, also can let laid-off workers to their real challenges organization care. Adopting property preservation measures. In the
44、 actual collect process. Often encountered some have the repayment ability but reimbursement conditions or timing immature the obligor, collect personnel can cooperate actively court on the debtors property implement preservation, making cdo in court, under the help of the relevant accounting units
45、and individuals to impose preservation of property. For property preservation at the same time. Appoint our wealth pipe center visit regularly the obligor, closely watching the debtor whereabouts, understand their property status. Once found the debtor reimbursement conditions mature, immediately no
46、tify the court, suspend the property preservation, reactivated cases. Applied to the court for compulsory execution withdraw arrears.Establish customer credit system. Strict credit business formalities for examination and approval from years of written-off receivables accounts receivable see. A few
47、enterprises in experience increased sales push credit sales policy. Did not establish a complete customer credit system, to the customer assets status, reimbursement ability, financial situation, the credit rating dont know much. Even after receivable formation. Find the debtor to punish frequently
48、occurred. There are a few enterprise to the customer credit conditions are too broad. Credit approval rights too scattered, sometimes a sales personnel can decided to sell on credit business formation. Cause some credit rating is low customers easily get credit, increasing the risk of bad loans.Earn
49、estly implement post responsibility system, strict appraisal, rewards and punishments and trenchant.Some enterprise although also established a comparatively perfect accounts receivable credit sales, management, a great responsibility and internal control system, but in actual work but become a mere formality, non-existing. Cause the enterprise internal responsibility unclear, the reward is unknown situation. To a certain extent, encourages the formation of large receivables, increasing the operating risk of an enterprise. So