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1、我国电信行业监管研究 我国电信行业监管研究 Study on Supervision in Chinese Telecommunication Field【中文摘要】 我国电信业经过二十多年的改革和发展,建成了世界第一大现代通信网,电话用户总数跃居世界第一位,电子信息产品制造业产业规模跃居世界第三位,互联网上网人数跃居世界第二位。特别是1994年中国联通诞生,打破中国电信的垄断,2000年通信管理局于正式成立,结束政企合一的运作方式,实现了政企分开、市场开放,并引入了竞争。从电信体制改革来看,组建了电信监管机构,形成了中央和省的两级电信监管体系,电信监管进入正规化、法制化时代。随着电信改革的不
2、断深入,互联互通深层次的问题开始暴露出来,人为设置技术障碍,限制对方业务发展,抢夺客户资源,影响了整个通信行业建康发展,加强电信法制建设、健全电信监管体系刻不容缓。目前的电信监管体制仍难以适应电信业的改革和发展的需要,不能对电信市场进行有效的监管。因此,建立适合我国国情的电信监管模式已成为我国政府亟待解决的问题,如何对我国电信业进行有效的管制已成为急需研究的新课题。本文分析了在市场经济条件下互连互通的现状、存在问题和解决措施,阐明政府对电信业实施有效监管的必要性,结合我国的基本国情和电信产业技术经济发展的状况及特点,充分论述了改革和完善我国电信监管模式的必要性。文章通过对世界主要国家和地区的电
3、信监管模式进行研究,揭示了其电信监管机构的基本特征:各国在加大市场开放力度和允许外资进入的同时,强化了监管机构的职能和权力。这些独立的电信监管机构均是依法组建的。独立的电信监管机构实行依法管制。独立的电信管制机构的管制领域越来越广,逐渐向整个信息通信领域延伸。电信管制机构是独立的。独立的电信监管机构是公正的、高效的。建立独立的电信监管机构成为实现对电信业进行有效监管的主流。通过分析研究,结合我国的实际情况,本文提出了在中国建立一个独立、垂直、管理职能分级的电信监管模式的设想,并建议尽快制定电信法,依法组建具有法律地位的,由电信产业的技术管理专家、经济学家和法学家等组成的独立电信管制机构。其基本
4、职能包括:根据电信产业的特点,以电信法为依据,制定具体的电信管制法规;审核电信经营者的资格,根据电信产业的需求规模,发放与修改电信业务经营许可证:对电信服务价格和服务质量进行管制;协调和仲裁电信企业之间的矛盾;监督与制裁电信企业的不正当竞争行为;接受并处理消费者投诉。【英文摘要】 With a revolution and development for more than 20 years,The Chinese telecommunication market owns the biggest advanced communication network in the world,the
5、biggest number of phone users in the world,the 3rd biggest manufacturing industry for telecommunication and information products in the world,and the 2nd biggest number of interact users in the world.It is highlighted that in year 1994,the foundation of UNICOM breaks the monopoly of China Telecommun
6、ication in the Chinese market.In year 2000,the foundation of Communications Administration terminates the old enterprise mode which has a unique structure for administration and enterprise management.Ending up,it divided the administration function and enterprise management function,which made the m
7、arket more open and competitive. Other success comes from the revolution on telecommunication management system. The foundation of telecommunications supervision organization forms a dual hierarchy supervision system,which are the central and provincial supervision hierarchies.But as the development
8、 becomes deeper and deeper,the in-depth problems of interconnection expose.Manual technical barrier is set to restrict business development to the rival,so as to enlarge the market share.This has a negative influence on the healthy development of telecommunication industry.Thus,a enhanced telecommun
9、ication juristic mode and healthy telecommunication administration mode is needed urgently.But currently the telecommunication administration mode is still not enough to fulfill the requirement of telecommunication industrys development,so it cannot conduct effective supervision to the telecommunica
10、tion market.Therefore,it is the first priority to build up a telecommunication supervision mode according to Chinas situation.It is an urgent and new topic to study how to conduct effective supervision on telecommunication industry. Analysis in this paper to state that in the market economic situati
11、on,what the current situation is for Interconnection,what problem exists,and what the solution is for such problem.It also states the necessity of governmental supervision on telecommunication industry and suggests bring in telecommunication supervision concept.Based on Chinas situation and the char
12、acteristic of telecommunication development,this paper fully describes the necessity of revolution and improvement for Chinas telecommunication supervision system.Comparison of telecommunication supervision model between different countries is analysed,it is found that there is a common point for th
13、e countries to develop an independent telecommunication supervision organization gradually.And the basic common characteristics are:1.Function and authorities of telecommunication supervision organization become more and more strong when the telecommunication market becomes bigger and more open to f
14、oreign investors.2.The independent telecommunication supervision organizations are built up according to law.3.There independent telecommunication supervision organizations carry out their function and administrate according to law.4.Authorities of these organizations becomes larger and larger,exten
15、ding to the whole telecommunication activities.5.The telecommunication supervision organization is independent.6.The independent telecommunication supervision organization is equitable and effective.To achieve an effective telecommunication supervision,it is the mainstream to set up an independent t
16、elecommunication supervision organization.Based on Chinas situation and analysis,this paper suggest China build up an independent,vertical,and multi-hierarchy telecommunication supervision system.It also suggest establish the Telecommunication Law,and consequentially according to law to set up an eq
17、uitable and professional telecommunication supervision organization,whose functions are:1.Establish detail regulations for telecommunication industry according to Telecommunication Law and market characteristics.2.Conduct audit and approval for telecommunication company certificate.Release and amend
18、 the certificate for telecommunication company according to the scale of telecommunication industry.3.Provide supervision on pricing and quality for telecommunication service.4.Coordinate and arbitrate between telecommunication companies when conflicts occur.5.Supervise and crack down on illegal act
19、ivities of telecommunication companies.6.Accept and deal with complaints from end users.【中文关键词】 电信; 监管; 改革 【英文关键词】 Telecommunication; Supervision; Reform 【论文目录】摘要 4-6 Abstract 6-8 1、绪论 11-15 1.1 研究背景 11-13 1.2 研究的目的和意义 13 1.3 研究思路与内容 13-15 2、监管的理论基础 15-19 2.1 管制公共利益理论 15-16 2.2 管制的利益集团理论 16-17 2.3 竞
20、争替代管制的理论 17-19 3、政府管制与电信行业监管 19-33 3.1 政府管制及其影响 19-25 3.1.1 政府管制 19 3.1.2 政府经济管制的内容 19-20 3.1.3 监管对价格的影响 20-25 3.2 电信管制 25-30 3.2.1 电信管制的定义 25-27 3.2.2 电信管制的机构与内容 27-28 3.2.3 电信管制的实现 28-30 3.3 电信管制的难题 30-33 3.3.1 理论依据 30-31 3.3.2 实践难题 31-33 4、我国电信业监管的现状分析 33-45 4.1 电信业改革与发展历程 33-41 4.1.1 优先发展阶段 33-3
21、4 4.1.2 引入竞争阶段 34-36 4.1.3 扩大竞争阶段 36-38 4.1.4 电信业竞争分析 38-41 4.2 我国现行的监管模式 41-42 4.3 电信业监管存在的问题 42-45 4.3.1 立法滞后,缺乏完善的监管依据 43 4.3.2 监管机构不完善,导致执法不力 43 4.3.3 立法与执法不分 43-44 4.3.4 缺乏有效的监管手段 44-45 5、国外电信业监管分析 45-51 5.1 部分国家和地区对电信业的监管 45-47 5.2 国外电信业监管的特点 47-48 5.3 国外电信业监管的发展趋势 48-51 5.3.1 组建独立的电信管制机构 48-50 5.3.2 电信管制方面的两种倾向 50-51 6、完善我国电信业监管的措施 51-57 6.1 建立与完善电信管制的法规体系 51-52 6.2 按照国际惯例设立具有相当权威性的电信管制机构 52-53 6.3 建立面向”三网融合”的管制模式 53-55 6.4 建立与完善社会参与的监督机制 55-57 7、结束语 57-59 参考文献 59-61 致谢 61-62 个人简历 62