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1、Section Learning about Language .单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1What I want to stress(强调) is that health is also very important for you. 2As is known to all，Lu Xun was famous as a great thinker(思想家) 3 Whether or not youre given a car depends on your position(地 位 ) in the company. 4I cant thank you enough f
2、or your kindness(善良) 5 Only a shortsighted man will lose sight of the importance(重 要 性 ) of education. 6In China，men and women have equal rights. 7She is a most influential figure in local politics. 8Tom was not pleased with his boss and planned to resign 9He is strict with himself and doesnt do any
3、thing against his principles 10Put away the books; you should put everything in the readingroom in good order .拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1equal adj.平等的equality n平等 equally adv.平等地 2advise v提供咨询adviser n顾问 3kind adj.善良的kindness n善良 4order n秩序orderly adj.有秩序的 5influence n& v影响influential adj.有影响的 寻规律、巧记忆
4、后缀ness 名词大观园v.ern. kindness 善良 darkness 黑暗 weakness 虚弱 loneliness 寂寞 thinker 思想家 adviser 顾问 reader 读者 leader 领导 .补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 1be similar to 与相似 2be at war with 与交战 3bring up 养育；抚养 4follow ones advice 采纳某人的建议 5become famous for 因而出名 6as a result 结果 .选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1I tried to persuade Rose，bu
5、t she didnt follow my advice 2This house is similar to that house in size. 3At that time，his country was at war with Japan，so hearing from him was very difficult. 4It rained heavily yesterday.As a result，he didnt turn up at the meeting. 5His parents died in an earthquake when he was young，so he was
6、brought up by his grandmother. 寻规律、巧记忆 “atn.”短语集汇表示“结果”词汇荟萃 at war 在交战 at hand 在手边 at rest 在休息 at peace 处于和平状态 at table 在吃饭 as a result finally at last in the end as a consequence 背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实 1.Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 先行词为 the way，定语从 句用 that/in which/省略关 系词。 微
7、信改变了我们的交友方 式。 WeChat has changed the way (that/in which) we made friends. 2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. 但那也是一个产生了许多 哲学家的时期。 It is/was a time when.“那是一个的 时期” ，when 引导定语从 句。 那是一个黑人们创造他们 自己的音乐的时期。 It was a time when the blacks came up with their music. 3.Mencius beli
8、eved that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. 孟子认为，人之所以不同 于动物， 是因为人性本善。 the reason why .is that .为固定句式，意为 “的原因是” 。 他成功的原因是他工作非 常努力。 The reason why he succeeded is that he worked very hard. equal adj.相等的，相当的；胜任的 v等于；比得上 n.和自己相当的人或物 (教材 P41)All human beings are equal. 人人平
9、等。 (1)equal sb./sth.(in.) (在方面)比得上，与匹敌； 与相等 (2)be equal to sth./doing sth. 等于；胜任 (3)without (an) equal 无人可比的 (4)equally adv. 同样地；平等地 equality n. 相等；平等 The happiness you feel is equal to the love you give. 你感受到的幸福与你付出的爱相等。 His painting are without equal in the Western world.That is，no one else equals
10、 him in painting. 他的画在西方世界首屈一指。也就是说，在绘画方面没有人比得上他。 Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be equally(equal) respected. 任何人，无论他是官员还是公交司机，都应被平等地尊重。 be at war with 与交战 (教材 P43)Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other. 古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。 a civil/cold war 内战
11、/冷战 make/declare war on . 对宣战 go to war 宣战，进入战争状态 All the countries should solve their disputes in a peaceful way instead of going to war against each other. 所有国家都应该以和平的方式来解决争端而不是相互开战。 We have no choice but to declare war on whoever is involved in corruption. 我们别无选择，只能向腐败分子宣战。 stress vt.强调；施压于；使紧张 n
12、.强调；压力 (经典例句)My parents often stress the importance of keeping healthy. 我的父母常强调保持健康的重要性。 The life of a high school student is usually active，exciting and full of fun，but it can be stressful (stress) sometimes. 高中生的生活通常是积极的、令人激动的，同时也充满了快乐，但有时候也 有压力。 (1)lay/put/place stress on sth.强调/重视 under stress 在
13、压力下 under the stress of 为所迫 (2)stress the importance of. 强调的 重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的 Up to a certain point， the more stress you are under， the better your performance will be. 达到了某种程度时，你的压力越大，你的表现就越好。 We lay special stress on developing good neighbourly relations with near
14、by countries. 我们特别重视发展同邻近国家的睦邻友好关系。 order n秩序，次序；命令；订购；订单 v命令，要求；订购 (教材 P43)He stressed the importance of kindness，duty and order in society. 他强调了仁爱、责任和社会秩序的重要性。 (1)order sb.to do sth. 命令某人做某事 order that.(should)动词原形 命令 (2)in order 井然有序；适宜的 out of order 紊乱的；出故障的 in order of 按的顺序 (3)place an order fo
15、r sth.with (sb.) 和(某人)订购某物 All the things in the room were out of order，but she quickly put them in order. 房间里所有的东西都杂乱无序，可她很快就将它们收拾得井井有条了。 The court ordered the company to pay (pay) compensation to its former employees. The court ordered that the company (should) pay (pay) compensation to its former
16、 employees. 法院勒令那家公司向以前的员工作出补偿。 名师点津 order 作动词用时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语要用 should do 或省略 should。作名词用，表示“命令” 时，相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。 bring up 教育，抚养(孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐 (教材 P43)His father died when he was young，and he was brought up by his mother. 父亲在他年幼时去世，他母亲把他抚养成人。 写出下列句中 bring up 的含义 Why did you have to bring up t
17、he subject of money？提出 All of our kids were brought up to respect other people.教育 He felt so sick that he brought up what he ate.呕吐 The boy，though brought up in the countryside，has a strong interest in the colorful city life.养育 bring about 引起，导致 bring back 归还；带回；(事物)使记起 bring down 使倒下；降低 bring in 吸引
18、；引进；赚得 Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world. 有人担心空气污染会造成全世界气候的变化。 (教材 P41)Treat others in the way you want to be treated. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 【要点提炼】 句中的 way 意为“方式，方法” ，后接省略了关系词 that/in which 的定语从句 you want to be treated，关系词在定语从句中作状语。 (1)way 作“方式，方法” 讲，后接
19、定语从句时有两种情况： 当 way 后面的定语从句缺少状语时，关系词用 that/in which，也可以省略。 当 way 后面的定语从句缺少主语、宾语时，关系词用 that/which(作宾语时 关系词可以省略)。 (2)way 作“方式，方法”讲时后面的定语还有两种形式：way to do/of doing sth. The first thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important. 首先我想说的是，你开始谈话的方式非常重要。 Can you work out a way th
20、at we can solve the problem? 你能找出一种我们能够解决这个问题的方式吗？ The way that/which was thought of by him was similar to Toms. 他想出的这个方法和汤姆的类似。 Dont give up；you are sure to find a better way to solve (solve) the problem. 不要放弃，你一定能找到一个更好的解决这个问题的方法。 (教 材 P43)Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from
21、 animals is that man is good. 孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。 【要点提炼】 句中“the reason why.is that.” 意为“的原因是” 。其 中 why 引导的是定语从句，that 引导的是表语从句。 (1)reason 的相关搭配及句型： for.reason 由于原因 the reason for (doing) sth. (做)某事的原因 The reason for (doing) sth.is/was that. 的原因是 (2)That/This is because. “这是因为” (表语从句表示 原因) (3)That
22、/This is why. “这就是的原因” (表语从句 表示结果) The reason why he was late was that he slept too late last night.他迟到的原因 是昨晚睡得太晚了。 The reason that/which he explained to me about his failure was that he hadnt made full preparations. 关于他的失败他向我解释的原因就是他没有做好充分准备。 名师点津 the reason 后定语从句的引导词用 why 还是用 that/in which，取决于其在定
23、语 从句中所承担的句子成分。 缺少主语、 宾语、 表语用 that 或 which； 缺少状语用 why 或 for which。 (教材 P43) He believed that people were more important than rulers，and hated the state when it treated people badly. 【分析】 本句是并列句。 and连接believed和hated两个谓语， 前一分句是that 引导的宾语从句，后一分句含有 when 引导的时间状语从句。 【译文】 他认为民贵君轻，憎恨对人民残暴的诸侯国。 .单句语法填空 1They
24、are fighting for the equality of women，because they think they should be treated equally(equal) 2The way that/which he told us was quite simple to work out the problem. 3Please bring back the book you borrowed from the library last week. 4The doctor ordered that she (should) take(take)a good rest. 5
25、The reason that/which she gave for being absent from class was that the heavy snow prevented her coming. 6How long do you think the two countries will be at war with each other? 7My son has a good habit of keeping a diary every day；as a result，he is good at writing. 8He is a very influential (influe
26、nce) man in the company，so everyone would like to follow his advice. 9It was a time when all the children were expected to study hard. 10Tom is similar in height to Peter though they are of different ages. .单句改错 1Little joy can equal to that of a surprising ending when you read stories.去掉 equal 后的 t
27、o 2. It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressed society.stressedstressful 3 He had to obey the order that he finished the secret task ahead of time.finishedfinish 4Her room is very tidy and everything in it is in the order.去掉 order 前的 the 5He made another
28、 discovery，which I think is great importance to science.is 后 加 of .完成句子 1另一方面，要积极快乐，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。 Be positive and cheerful，for your mental health is equal to your physical health. 2尽管她是在城市出生并被抚养大的，但她喜欢乡村生活。 Though born and brought up in the city，she prefers life in the country. 3他命令秘书去订购 100 本书
29、并把它们按大小顺序排列。 He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size. 4我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。 I think you hurt his pride by laughing at the way (in which/that) he speaks English 5一些人早逝的原因是他们不注意自己的身体健康。 The reason why some people died young is that they didnt pay attention to their health.