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1、Section Language points()(Welcome to the unit & Reading) .单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词 1 After listening to his adventure， she felt a strange mixture(混 合 ) of excitement and fear. 2The factory manager used a flow chart to explain the production process(过程) 3He was about to speak when she raised(举起)a finge
2、r to her lips to stop him from speaking. 4There are many distinctions(区别)between the two winemaking areas. 5Wide reading will increase your vocabulary(词汇量) 6He was a businessman，and therefore，he always has an eye out for any chance to make money. 7More new machines will be fixed to replace the old o
3、nes to produce more goods. 8My team was defeated by that team，which made me sad. 9George told me that it was reading that occupied most of his free time. 10Scientists make great contributions to the development of our country. .拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)occupation n占领，占用；职业 2mix
4、v混合，搅拌mixture n混合，混合体 3 official adj.官方的， 正式的officially adv.官方地， 正式地officer n军官， 政府官员 4contribute v贡献contribution n贡献，促成因素；捐赠 5distinct adj.明显不同的，不同种类的；清晰的distinction n区别，差别 distinctive adj.与众不同的 寻规律、巧记忆 v.ion/ationn.v.ingn. contribution n贡献 occupation n占领，职业 protection n保护 spelling n拼写 understandin
5、g n理解 suffering n苦难 .补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语 1be made up of/consist of由组成(构成) 2name after以命名 3aside from除之外 4make contributions to对做出贡献 5take control of控制，取得对的控制 6lead to导致 7replace.with.用替代 8go through经历 9keep on持续，继续 .选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空 1Its no easy task to take control of a class of young children. 2Eati
6、ng too much fat can lead to health problems，so we must have a balanced diet. 3The UK consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，is a country famous for its history. 4The street was named after a great man in honor of his great contributions to the city. 5Now his family is going through a hard
7、time. 寻规律、巧记忆 “忙于”短语荟萃taken.of by busy with sth./in doing sth.take control of 控制 be occupied with sth./in doing sth. be employed in doing sth. take charge of 管理 take notice of 注意 背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实 1.That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people. 那就是英语有如此多令人 困惑不解的规则的原因。 that is wh
8、y.“那就 是的原因” ， why 引导表语从 句。 I always try to overcome difficulties.That is why I have always succeeded where others have failed. 我总是努力克服困难，那就是我 总是在别人失败的事情上成功的 原因。 2.Even though the Normans spoke French for the entire 250 years they ruled England，French did not replace English as the first language. 尽管
9、诺曼人在统治英格兰 的整整 250 年间一直讲法 语，但是法语并没有取代 英语成为第一语言。 even though/if 引导 让步状语从句，意 为“尽管，即使” 。 Hes the best teacher，even if/though he has the least experience. 他虽然经验最少，却是最出色的 老师。 3.After the Norman Conquest，highclass people spoke French while common people spoke English. 诺曼征服之后，上层社会 的人讲法语，而普通人则 讲英语。 while 引导并
10、列句， 表示前后对比，意 为“而；却” 。 Nodding the head means agreement, while shaking it means disagreement. 点头表示同意，而摇头表示不同 意。 be made up of 由组成(构成) (教材 P22)The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain. 英语就是由这些人带到不列颠的语法和词汇构成的。 make up化妆，打扮；和解；编造，虚构；构成 make out理解；看清，辨
11、认清楚 make up for弥补，补偿 make ones way前往 make it成功 One hundred years make up a century. 一百年构成一个世纪。 Caroline doesnt have a natural talent for music，but she makes up for it with hard work. 卡罗琳的音乐天分不高，但她用刻苦弥补了不足。 I believe I have the talent to make it 我相信自己有成功的天分。 语境助记 Our class is made up of forty student
12、s.Some girls in our class like making up so much that they are often late for classes.When our teachers ask the reason， they usually make up an excuse for it. 我们班由 40 名学生组成。其中，一些女生很喜欢化妆以至于经常上课迟到。 当老师们问到原因时，她们常编造借口应对。 occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)；担任(职务)，使从事 (教材 P22)Then two Germanic groups from the Europe
13、an mainlandthe Angles and the Saxonsoccupied Britain.然后，来自欧洲大陆的两个日耳曼部族盎 格鲁人和撒克逊人占领了不列颠。 (1)occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事 (2)occupied adj.忙碌的；占用的 be occupied in (doing) sth.忙于(做)某事 be occupied with sth.从事/忙于某事 (3)occupation n.占领；职业，工作 All the seats on the bus were occupied. 公共汽车上所有的座
14、位都有人了。 She is fully occupied with looking after her three children. Shes fully occupied in looking after her three children. She occupies(occupy) herself in looking after her three children.她忙于照料她 的三个孩子。 He carries on several occupations(occupy) at a time.他同时从事几种职业。 consist of 由组成(构成) (教材 P22)Old En
15、glish consisted of a mixture of their languages.古英语是由他 们的语言混合而成的。 (1)consist in 存在于，在于 consist with与一致；符合 (2)consistent adj.一致的；相符的；符合的 be consistent with与相一致，与相吻合 The report does not consist with the fact. 这篇报道与事实不符合。 Tolerance consists in respecting the opinions of others.宽容在于尊重别人的 意见。 The results
16、 are entirely consistent with our earlier research.这些结果与我们早 些时候的研究完全吻合。 名师点津 consist of 与 be made up of 同义， 但 consist of 不用于被动语态， 也不用于进行 时。 语境助记 Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle，which consists with reality.生活主要是由快乐和悲伤组成，而快乐和悲 伤存在于拼搏之中。这与现实相一
17、致。 name after 以命名 (教材 P22)Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles；the word Angle was spelt Engle in Old English. 英语及英国人都是由盎格鲁人命名的；Angle 这个词在古英语里拼作 Engle。 name.as 提名为；任命为 in the name of以名义；代表 under the name of用作名字，以假名 He has been named as the new chairman. 他被任命为新董事
18、长。 No country should invade others in the name of anything.任何国家都不应以 任何名义侵略他国。 He writes under the name of Mao Dun. 他以“茅盾”这个名字发表著作。 aside from 除之外 (教 材 P22)Aside from place names such as London， very few Celtic words became part of Old English. 除了像“London”这样的地名外，极少数的凯尔特单词成了古英语的一部分。 表示“除之外”的短语： apart/
19、aside from 除之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于 besides， except 或 except for。 besidesin addition to 除之外(也，还)，常与 also，more，other 等连用。 except 除外(都)，常与 all，every，no，none，nothing 等含有整体肯 定或否定意义的词连用。 Apart from English，he has a good command of Russian and French. 除英语外，他还精通俄语和法语。 People choose jobs for other reasons besid
20、es money. 人们择业时除了钱之外还有别的考虑。 明辨异同 besides/except/except for/aside from besides表示除外的部分包括在内，相当于 with 和 plus。 except表示除外的部分不包括在内，相当于 without 和 minus。 except for表示被除外的部分是不同类事物。 aside from与 apart from 相同，相当于 except，except for 以及 besides。 besides，except，except for，aside from The translation is well done ex
21、cept for/aside from a few small mistakes. Besides/Aside from cancer，smoking can lead to other diseases. Most people go to work except/aside from Saturday and Sunday. (教材 P22) The most important contribution was from the Normans，a Frenchspeaking people who defeated England and took control of the cou
22、ntry in 1066. 最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们于 1066 年击败英格兰并控制了这个 国家。 (1)contribution n贡献，促成因素；捐赠 (1)make a contribution to/towards sth. 为做出贡献；为捐款 (2)contribute vi.&vt. 贡献(时间、精力)；捐助；投稿 contribute sth.to/towards.给捐 contribute(sth.)to. 向投稿 contribute to. 是的原因之一；有助于；导致 She has contributed several poems to magazines.
23、 她给杂志投了几篇诗稿。 Riding bikes not only contributes to keeping (keep) fit，but also produces no pollutants. 骑车不仅有益于保持健康，而且无污染。 As mayor，he made many positive contributions(contribute) to the growth of the city. 作为市长，他对这个城市的发展做出了很多积极的贡献。 Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.我们对新产品
24、的渴望也导致了这个问题。 语境助记 Many people contributed money to the Hope Project，which contributed to many childrens coming back to school.A teacher was so deeply moved by the kind people that she wrote an article and contributed it to a newspaper.很多人都给希望工程捐款，这 使得许多孩子能重返校园。一位老师感动于好心人的帮助，写了一篇文章向报社 投稿。 (2)defeat v
25、t.击败，战胜 n.击败，失败 be defeated in 在中被打败了/输了 admit defeat 承认被击败 They never admitted defeat in the face of difficulties. 在困难面前他们从未低头。 They were defeated(defeat) in the football match. 他们在足球比赛中输了。 The candidate defeated(defeat) all opponents in the last election. 在上次竞选中这个候选人打败了所有对手。 明辨异同 beat/defeat/win b
26、eat 多指打败或战胜“对手” ，后可接人名或地名。beat their team 战胜他 们队。 defeat多指击败敌军或入侵者。defeat the enemy 打败敌人。 win多指赢得比赛、辩论、战斗等。win the game 赢得比赛。 beat，defeat，win The challenger defeated/beat the champion in three sets. Im sure that he will win the game. Iraq army was quickly defeated by America in 2003. I could always
27、beat my brother at chess. (3)take control of 控制，取得对的控制 lose control of 对失去控制 under control 受控制 out of control 失去控制 in control of 控制；掌握 in the control of 受控制 You shouldnt have lost control of your temper on such an occasion.你不应该 在这种场合发脾气。 With the help of firefighters，they got the fire under control.
28、在消防员的帮助 下，火情得到了控制。 The city is in the control of enemy forces. 那座城市现处于敌军的控制之下。 (教材 P22 23)However，the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons victory about 600 years earlier，which led to Old English replacing Celtic. 然而，诺曼征服对英语的影响并不及约 600 年前盎格鲁人和撒克逊人的胜利 对英语的影响，那场胜
29、利导致古英语替代了凯尔特语。 (1)lead to 导致；通往 lead a.life 过着生活 lead.to. 领到 lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 lead the way 处于首位，领先 All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 Your advice led him to think(think) it over again. 你的建议使他又考虑了一下。 We want to lead a quiet life in the country. 我们想在乡下过安静的生活。 She led us to a room with a balco
30、ny overlooking the harbour. 她把我们领进了一个带阳台的房间，从那里可以俯瞰海港。 名师点津 lead to 中 to 为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 (2)replace vt.替换，代替，取代；把送回(原处) replacetake the place of 代替，取代 replace.as. 作为而取代 replace.with/by. 用取代 First of all，it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it.首先，现在替换一个东西要
31、比花费时间和金钱修理它要容易得多。 The manager replaced Bob as chairman of the company.经理取代鲍勃成为公 司的总裁。 They replaced their beloved old cars with/by expensive new sports cars. 他们用昂贵的新跑车代替他们心爱的旧车。 result in 造成；导致 (教材 P23)This resulted in even more words with similar meanings，such as answer (from Old English)and reply
32、(from Old French) 这造成了甚至更多意思相近的单词，比如 answer(来自古英语)和 reply(来自古 法语)。 result from 因而发生 as a result of 因为，由于 as a result 结果 As a result of the rain，the meeting has been put off. 由于下雨，会议已被推迟。 They wear out，and as a result，we get old and eventually die. 它们会老化，所以我们会变老，最终死去。 The high unemployment in the cou
33、ntry results from the governments policies. 那个国家的高失业率是由政府的政策导致的。 名师点津 result in 意为 “结果， 导致” ， 句中的主语是起因， in 的宾语是结果， 与 cause， lead to 同义；result from 意为“由引起，产生” ，句中的主语是结果，from 的宾语 是起因，可与 as a result of，because of 同义。 raise vt.养育，培养；举起；增加，提高；筹募；提及 (教材 P23)After the Norman Conquest，many English people wo
34、rked as servants who raised animals.诺曼征服之后， 许多英国人以仆人的身份从事饲养动物的工 作。 写出下列句中 raise 的含义 We will send more teachers to study overseas in order to raise the citys education level.提高 Parents have the duty to raise their children.养育 If you have a problem，please raise your hand.举起 They are raising funds to h
35、elp needy youngsters.募集 He did not raise the subject again.提出/提及 明辨异同 raise/rise/arise raise是及物动词， 也可表示抽象意义， 如提高政治觉悟、 生活水平、 地位等。 rise 是不及物动词，说明主语自身移向较高的位置。通常指日、月、星辰 的升起，也可指人起身，站起及情感的增强，数量的增加等。 arise是不及物动词，意为“产生，发生，出现” 。 raise，rise，arise I am always wondering how you manage to raise four children on
36、such a small income. My spirits rose when I heard the good news that I would be given a chance to study abroad. In order to make everyone hear me clearly，I had to raise my voice. The number of deaths arising from road accidents has been rising 图形助记 raise/rise/arise 巧记忆 (教材 P22)That is why English ha
37、s so many difficult rules that confuse people. 那就是英语有如此多令人困惑不解的规则的原因。 【要点提炼】 That is why.“那是的原因” ，此句型中 why 引导表语从 句，且在从句中充当状语。that 在此为关系代词，引导定语从句修饰名词 rules。 (1)That is the reason why.(That is why.) 那就是的原因 (2)That/It is because. 那是因为 (3)The reason(why.)is that. (的)原因是 We stopped for the post；that was
38、why we were late. 我们停下来取邮件了，所以迟到了。 Mr. Li was ill yesterday.That was why he didnt give us lessons. 李老师昨天生病了，所以他没有给我们上课。 I was tired.That was why I fell asleep quickly. I fell asleep quickly.That was because I was tired. The reason why I fell asleep quickly was that I was tired. 我累了，这就是我很快就睡着的原因。 名师点
39、津 Thats why.后接某事发生的结果，Thats because.后接某事发生的原因。 (教材 P23)After the Norman Conquest，highclass people spoke French while common people spoke English.诺曼征服之后，上层社会的人讲法语，而普 通人则讲英语。 【要点提炼】 while 在此句中作并列连词，意为“然而，可是，却” ，前后 分句为对比关系。 写出下列句中 while 的含义 He fell asleep while he was watching TV.当的时候 Men tended to be
40、violent while women acted in the opposite way. 然而 (2019全国卷)While the suns rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D尽管 (1)while 用作并列连词：表示两种情况的对比，意为“而，然而，却” (2)while用作 从属连词 引导时间状语从句，作“当的时候”解 引导条件状语从句，相当于as long as 引导让步状语从句，作“虽然，尽管”解) Honesty is a virtue while greed is an ev
41、il. 诚实是一种美德，而贪婪是一种罪恶。 The tortoise wins the race while the hare is sleeping. 兔子睡大觉，乌龟赢赛跑。 While I admit that there are problems，I dont agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。 名师点津 while 强调“在过程中，在期间” ，其后从句的谓语应为延续性动词 或表示状态的词语；when 不强调动作是否延续，所以其后从句的谓语动词没有是 否延续的限制。 1(教材 P22)The most
42、important contribution was from the Normans，a French speaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066. 【分析】 句中 a Frenchspeaking people 作 the Normans 的同位语，who 引导 定语从句，修饰 people。 【翻译】 最大的贡献来自于讲法语的诺曼人，他们于 1066 年击败英格兰并 控制了这个国家。 2(教材 P23)Even though the Normans spoke French fo
43、r the entire 250 years they ruled England，French did not replace English as the first language. 【分析】 even though 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句，该从句还包含一个 定语从句，即 they ruled England 修饰 the entire 250 years。 【翻译】 尽管诺曼人在统治英格兰的整整 250 年间一直讲法语，但是法语 并没有取代英语成为第一语言。 .单句语法填空 1They were occupied in building a bridge. 2This is a
44、n article consisting(consist) of five parts. 3The word “bookstore” is made up of the two words “book” and “store” 4It was at the school which was named after a hero that he spent his childhood. 5Then a military government took(take) control of the country. 6His illegal actions could lead him to lose
45、(lose) his job. 7The world champion has only had two defeats(defeat) in 20 fights. 8Meanwhile，people should be encouraged to replace(replace) plastic bags with paper bags. 9I wondered how they had raised(raise) so much money on their own to help youngsters in need. 10I usually work until 9：00 pm.asi
46、de from Sunday. .单句改错 1 The class consisted of thirtyfive students is about to play the game.consistedconsisting 2Fully occupying in looking after her children at home，she no longer has time to play.occupyingoccupied 3While I dislike her，but I often help her out when she is in trouble.去掉 but 4The ev
47、idence will lead us to come to a final ecoming 5To keep healthy，apart from eat less，he walks every day.eateating .完成句子 1 I got up late this morning.This was why I was late for school (This is/why.was) 我今天早晨起晚了。这就是我上学迟到的原因。 2I am outgoing and easy to get along with(adj.to do) 我平易近人，容易相处。 3While it was a little hard，it was interesting.(while) 虽然工作有难度，但很有趣。 4Even though I hadnt seen him for many years，I recognized him at once.(even though) 虽然我很多年没有见他，我还是立刻就认出了他。 5I do hope you can give me some useful suggestions.(do动词原形) 我确实希望你能给我一些有用的建议。