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1、1 一. 单元重点单词: 1.stick 过去式, 过去分词. n. 棍棒 ,手杖 . vt. 戳刺 ; 钉住 ; 粘贴 ;伸出 ;堵住 ; vi 粘住 ,钉住 ;卡住 ;伸出 ;坚守 常见短语 : stick out 伸出 ,突出 stick to/into把 粘/扎在 上be stuck in / stick in 陷入 ,卡住 stick to 坚持 ,坚守(plan, promise, decision, opinion, a post, one s word ) 例句 : The key has stuck in the lock. -Would you like some wine
2、? No, I ll stick to beer. The nurse stuck the needle into my arm. A fish-bone stuck in his throat. 注意 : insist on 和 stick to 的区别 stick to 坚持 (意见 ,看法等 ) , 有执意不变的意思, to 为介词 ,后接名词或代词; (完成 ) insist on 坚持要干某事 , 强烈要求 , 后接名词或 -ing 形式 ; (将来 ) 例题 : No matter what you say, I shall my opinion. ( 意见已经提出了) Georg
3、e s friends paying for the meal. ( 钱还没有付呢) A. carry out B. keep up C. insist on D. stick to 2. acquire vt. 学到 ,学会 ,获得 (知识等 ) n. 获得 ,得到 近义词辨析 : acquire 指通过不断的努力而获得, 也指日积月累渐渐获得(股份 ,知识等 ); get 最普通用语 , 得到 , 收到 , 不一定努力 ; obtain 经过极大努力 , 甚至恳求 , 得到盼望已久的东西 gain 通过竞争 ,比赛获得利益或好处,可译成 赢得 earn 通过劳动 ,因为有功或付出代价来获得
4、(钱) win 赢得 ,接名词 ,(比赛 ,战争 ,奖励等 ) 例题 用上列单词的正确形式填空: 1. It is through learning that the individual many habitual ways of reacting to situations. 2. I finally a permission to have a day off. 3. He has much money by selling fresh fruit from Taiwan. 4. He the information through one of his friends. 5. An i
5、nvestor( 投资者 ) by buying stocks that go up in value. 3. instruct 命令 ;吩咐 ;指示 ; 教练 ,辅导员 ,讲师 教导 ,指导 指示 ,命令 用法 ,说明 (书) 说明性的 ,指示性的 , 有教育意义的 常见词组 : instruct sb. in sth. 教导某人某事instruct sb. to do sth. 命令某人作某事 注意 : instruct 后面接从句时, 从句中要用虚拟语气,即 should + 动词原形 ,should 可省略 . 例句 : Follow/receive the_ 遵从指示 /接受指导 g
6、ive sb _ to do 命令 /吩咐某人做 Make sure you read the_ before you turn on the engine. =打开机器之前一定要看用法说明。 2 老师命令我们下课后把试卷交上来. 当我看见他时,他正在教儿子修汽车. 那些男孩被通知在那里等. 例题 : Children must road safety before they are allowed to ride a bike on the road. A. instruct in B. instruct C. be instructed in D. be instructed 4. sec
7、ure 安全的 ,放心的 ,有把握的 ,稳定的 ,可靠的 使安全 ,防卫 ,保护 安全 ,平安 ,保安 ,治安 常见短语 : feel/be secure of 对有把握feel/be secure about(as to) 对 觉得放心 feel/be secure from/ against 不会遭受 例句 : You have made me_ _ 你使我觉得放心。 When you are insured, you are secure against loss. 我们有必胜的把握. 你们必须提前订票,以免失望 . You must order your tickets early t
8、o disappointment. 5. adopt vt. 收养 ,过继 ; 采用 ,采纳 ,采取 (方针 ,政策 ,方法 ,原则 ,意见等 ); 正式表决通过 ,批准 短语 : adopt sb. as 挑选 作为 例句 : Having no children of their own, the couple decided to adopt the poor orphan. 这所学校已经决定采用新的教学方法. The resolution was adopted but a vote of 180 in favor to 10 against it. 近形词比较 : adopt 和 a
9、dapt adapt vt. 使适应 , 使适合 , 修改 ,改编 ; vi. 适应 (to) 常见短语 : adapt to 使适应 ,使适合= adjust to = be accustomed to adapt from 根据 改写 /改编adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于 adapt sth. for sth. 改变某事以便在不同情况下运用 比较 : 过去式过去分词现在分词 adopt a a -a ; adapt a - a - a ; a 收养的 ,外来的 ; a 收养 ; a 适应性强的 ; a 适应 例题 : 用上面两个词的正确形式填空: This is a(
10、n) word. 这是个外来词. French fashionable dress has been by people in many parts of the world. 二. 单元重点短语和句型behind 落后 ;掉队 ;推迟 (+with). down 击倒 ,撞倒 ,拆除 ,降价into 开始 起来 at 敲(门 ,窗,黑板 ) away 离开 , 脱离 1. knock against 撞击2. fall off 跌落 ,减少 into 撞在 身上 ; 偶然撞见 ; asleep 睡着 over 撞翻/ off 停止工作ill 患病 3 例句 : He knocked down
11、 his opponent three times in the first round. 为什么不停止工作,马上回家呢 ?. 我成功的把他的价格从500 美元压低到400 美元 . Make sure not to fall behind with your rent please. 他的母亲在医院里病的很重. 看了几张报纸后,他睡着了 . (1) adjust (oneself) to vt.使自己适应She soon adjusted (herself) to his way of life. We will have to adjust ourselves to new conditi
12、ons. (2) adjust+名 (to sth) （为配合而）调整；调节，校正 You can adjust this desk to the height of any child. make sense 有意义 ,有道理 ,讲的通take the risk of 冒的风险 make sense of 弄懂 的意思at any risk 无论如何 ,一定 3. sense make no sense 讲不通4. risk at one s own risk自己担风险 /负责 in a / all sense 从某种 /任何意义上讲risk doing sth. 冒险作某事 in no s
13、ense 决不 例句 : I have read the material several times but it doesn t make any sense to me. I have read the material several times but I can t make sense of it. 翻译 :(注意主语的区别) 例题 : Dare you risk your homework? A. not to do B. not doing C. to do D. to not do 三. 其他 : 1. motive n.(CN) 动机目的motivate vt. 作为的动
14、机；激发 motivation n . (UN) 动机；积极性 例句 : I m suffering from a lack of _. My new job is really boring. 我变得缺乏干劲，因为我的新工作极为沉闷。 例题 : He was _ by love, and expected nothing in return. A. driven B. motivated C. forced D. compelled (强迫 ) 3. dictation ( n )1). 口述；听写U 例句 : The pupils wrote at their teacher s_.学生按
15、照老师的口述写下来。 2). 命令 U She was tired of her_ _. 她对丈夫的发号施令感到厌烦。 4. correction( n.)1). 订正，修改；校正 例句 : Look carefully at the _which I have written in your essay. =请仔细看一下我对你文章修改过的地方。 2)惩治，惩罚 U ；教养 PL The prisoner was sent to a labor camp for_. 囚犯被送往劳工营改过自新。 5. effective. 词组 : take effect. put into effect .
16、6.awful 可怕的 , 吓人的 ,恶劣的awfully 极 , 非常 4 例题 : She is an nice girl. A. awful B. completely C. really D. awfully He died a (n) _ death. A .aural B. average C .awful D. fearful 7. anxious 1.) 焦虑的 ,挂念的 (+about/at/for) 我对她的安全担心_. He _ _for the safety of his family. 他担心家人的安全。 2.) 令人焦虑的 The week of the flood
17、 was _ _ _for all of us. 闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。 3.) 渴望的(+for)+to-v+that Were _ _ your safe return. 我们盼望你平安归来。 We _anxious that there be no misunderstanding. 我们极愿没有误解。 I could see that she was anxious for Laura_ _. 我看得出她巴望劳拉去。 Im really _ _ _ him. 我急于见他。 8.option 选择 ;供选择的的东西. Make one s option 进行选择
18、词组 : at one s option 随意have no option but to do sth. 不得不做某事 9. association 协会 ,公会 ,社团 C; 联合 ,结合 ;交往 U(+with);联想 ,联想物 CU I benefited much from_ _ _ _. 我跟他的交往中获益匪浅。 What _do you have with the color green? 绿色会使你产生什么联想? 10Broaden 变宽，变阔；扩大 使宽，使阔；使扩大 Ones views broaden at college. 一个人的见解在大学时代变得开阔起来。 This
19、narrow highway_ _ _. 这条狭窄的公路应该加宽。 11Regardless of their theories , (p67.para1) He says what he thinks, regardless of other people s feeling. 他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。 The coal boss risked making money regardless of workers safety. 12. The+比较级 ,the+比较级 , 越 .就越 The easier the test is, the happier they will
20、 be The less anxious and more relaxed the learner, the better their language acquisition. 13. concern oneself about/for sth. 某人（为)担心 sb be concerned about/for sth.某人（为)担心 . She is concerned about her sons future. 1) concern + oneself + with/in 使（某人）与有关系；使关涉；使参与 Sb be concerned in sth.某人与有关：某人参与 She
21、concerns herself with/in social welfare. / He is concerned in the new project. 2) as (so) far asbe concerned 就而言 As far as I am concerned, I cannot object to your marriage. 3) .concerning 关于He likes to refer to something concerning Chinese history. 5 4) concerned “关心的，关切的，忧愁的” ， a concerned expression忧愁的表情 “有关的”，放在被修饰词之后the authorities concerned 有关当局