牛津高中英语模块一定语从句详解_附习题。.pdf

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1、定语从句。 定义。 an exciting match:形容词可以放在名词之前作定语，来修饰名词 the book in my hand:介词短语可以放在名词之后作定语，来修饰名词。 但如果修饰名词的定语不是某一个词或短语，而是一个句子时，我们就要使用定语从 句。 定语从句通常跟在所要修饰的中心名词（先行词） 之后，由关系代词或关系副词引导。 定语从句相当于形容词或者介词短语的作用。 注意。 1.从句相当于整个句子的一个成分，因此，从句不能单独使用。 She saw that he was sleeping.(宾语从句 ) I am reading the article which is a

2、bout your experience in the UK.(定语从句 ) 2.先行词 定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”，因为它总是处在定语从句的前头，比定语从句先 行一步。 先行词通常为人、物或者是事情。 e.g. I am reading the article that is about your experience in the UK. 3.关系词 从意义上说：先行词定语从句的组成部分从结构上说：先行词不在从句中出现 引导定语从句，并取代先行词在从句中的成分 e.g. I am reading the article that is about your experience in

3、the UK. 关系词的功能： 1.关系词作主语（动作发出者） The trees are on the school campus. They have lost their leaves. The trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves. 2. 关系词作宾语（动作接受者） We saw the student just now. He is the best runner in our school. The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in

4、our school. 3. 关系词作表语 Jack used to be a lazy boy. He is no longer a lazy boy Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be. 4. 关系词作定语（通常为所有格） She has a brother. I can t remember his name. She has a brother whose name I can t remember. 5. 关系词作状语（时间状语、地点状语、原因状语） The school is in Shenzhen. He studi

5、es in the school The school where he studies is in Shenzhen. 4.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 关系词。 关系代词 (relative pronouns) who, whom, which, that, as, whose等跟在先行词的后面，指代先行词，引出定语 从句。在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语的作用。 先行词人事物人+ 事物 主语who /that which / that that 宾语whom / who /that which / that that 表语that that that 定语whose

6、whose / of which / who的用法 先行词必须是人，作主语和宾语 e.g. The man who spoke at the meeting this morning is a famous lawyer. The girl who you saw just now is Jane. 作宾语时，可用whom, that替换 , 可以省略。 whom的用法 先行词必须是人，作宾语。 通常可以省略 e.g. The girl whom / who / that you saw just now is Jane. which的用法 先行词必须是事物，作主语和宾语 e.g. This

7、is the book which / that was written in easy English by our English teacher. 作主语时，关系词不可省略。 The pictures (which / that) he drew in the 1980s are on show. 作宾语时，关系词可以省略。 注意 (whom are,are;are;is;am. that使用时候出现的矛盾 1. The very chair on _ she is sitting is made of plastics. 2. My sister is a nurse, _I am n

8、ot. Keys :which;who. 请找出下列各句中的错误并加以改正。 1. This is the factory where we visited last week. 2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking. 3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two. 4. The house in that we live is very small. 5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible

9、 for plants to grow. 6. I ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library. 7. This is the best film which I have ever seen. 8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country. 9. Everything which we saw was of great interest. 10. His dog, that was n

10、ow very old, became ill and died. 11. The reason which he didn t go to school is that he was ill. 12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands. 13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard. 14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors. 15. We re going to visit the school wher

11、e your brother works there. 16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening. 17. That is the way which they work. 18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice. 19. Who is the man who has white hairs? 20. I will never forget the days which we had a good

12、 time together at the sea. 答案与部分解析: 1. where that/which 或去掉 where 。 2. 把 for 放在 looking之后。英语中 ,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。 又如 :look after, run into等。 3. who whom。 尽管在口语中who, whom都能作宾语 ,但在介词后只能用whom 。 4. that which。 5. that which。that不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 6. which that 或去掉 which 。当先行词被all, every, no,some, any, li

13、ttle等修饰 时,常用 that 引导定语从句。 7. which that 或去掉 which 。 当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the only,the very 等所修饰时 ,常用 that引导定语从句。 8. who that。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用 that引导定语从句。 9. which that 或去掉 which 。当先行词为something, anything,everything, nothing, all等时 ,常由 that引导定语从句。 10. that which。 11. which why/which 前加 for 或去掉which 。 12.

14、wants want 。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。 13. his whose 。 14. them whom 或 both前加 and 。 15. 去掉 there 。 16. have has 。当 one of+名词复数作先行词时,从句的谓语用复数;但是当one 前有 the (only)时 ,从句谓语要用单数。 17. which that/which 前加 in 或去掉 which 。 18. Those后加 who 。 19. 第二个who that。当主句是以 who 或 which开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常 用 that 引导 , 以避免重复。 20. which

15、 when 或 which前加 in 。 选择题 1This is the best factory _we visited last year . A. where B. which C. in which D. that 2.Is this the factory _computers are built ? A. that B. which C. in which D. in that 3.please pass me the dictionary _cover is red . A. whose B.its C. which D. which of 4.The man _has arr

16、ived . A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you about 5. Do you know the comrade _we are talking ? A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to that 6. They visited the house _the great writer was born . A. from where B. in which C. which D. in where 7. The comrade _is

17、speaking at the meeting is my teacher . A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 8. He asked us to watch carefully everything _he did in class . A. who B. that C. what D. where 9. I ll visit the professor tomorrow ,_he will be back from Shanghai . A. who B. that C. when D. which 10.The school _I study is a

18、new one . A. on which B. at where C. on that D. at which 11. China has many islands,_the largest is Taiwan . A. in which B. at which C. which D. of which 12. The city _my mother grew up is not far from here . A. what b. where C. that D. which 13. Our teacher lives in the house _door facts to the nor

19、th . A. which B. his C. that D. whose 14. Do you know the man _your father nodded ? A. whom B. to whom C. to who D. about whom 15.Wresting is a sport in _people easily get hurt . A. that B. when C. which D. what 16. I told you _I know . A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom 17.China has a

20、 lot of famous writers ,one _is Lu Xun . A. of which B. of whom C. of who D. of them 18. Is this factory _we visited last year ? A. in which B. around that C. whom D. the one 19. Who is the man _was there ? A. who B. which C. that D. whom 20. Is there anything _I can do for you, sir ? A. that B. whi

21、ch C. whose D. who 21. I still remember the day _she first wore that green dress . A. which B. in which C. on that D. on which 22. The knife _we used to cut the bread is very sharp . A. with which B. with it C. with that D. which 23. The games _the young men competed in were difficult . A. in which

22、B. which C. it D. who Key: 1-5DCCDA 6-10 BCBCD 11-15 DBDBC 16-20 ABDCA 21- 23 DAB 定语从句练习 1、The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp. A which Bwith Cwith it D with which 2、The brave man, the tiger was shot, is a good hunter. A of whom Bby that Cby whom Dby which 3、The clever boy made a hole i

23、n the wall, he could see what it was going on inside the house. A on which Bat which Cthrough which Din which 4、The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers. A in which Bworn by Cthrough which Don which 5、During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns. A

24、 that followed Bto follow Cfollowing D followed 6、You may take anything useful . A which you want B you want them Cwhat you want D you want 7、My hometown is no longer the same it used to be. A like B that Cas D which 8、The old woman has two sons, one is a teacher. A of who Bof whom Cof which Dof the

25、m 9、You can take any seat is free. A in which Bthat C where D which 10 、 Is there anything to you? A that belong Bwhich belongs Cthat belongs D that is belonged 11 、 We hope to get such a tool he is using. A where Bthat C as D which 12 、 Finally came the day he had to begin his study for the next te

26、rm. A till Bthat C since D which 13 、 She hasn t got enough money she buys the rings. A for which Bwith which Cthat Dwhich 14 、 I ve read all the books were borrowed from the library. A they B which C / D that 15 、 This is the best hotel in the city I know. A it Bwhere Cthat D which 16 、 Is oxygen t

27、he only gas helps fire burn? A it Bwhich C/ Dthat 17 、 The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A on which Bwhere Cin that D during which 18 、 The train she was traveling was late A on that Bfor which Con which D which 19 、 Winter is the time of year the days are short and

28、nights are long. A on which Bthat C when D where 20 、 I ll show you a store you may buy all you need. A that, that Bwhich, that C where, which D in which, / 21 、 I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress. A on which Bon that Cin which D which 22 、 Do you know the reason she got so angr

29、y yesterday ? A why B which C for that D for why 23 、 Is some German friends visited last week ? A this school where B this school one Cthis the school D this school 24 、 Is there any one in your class family is in the city. A whose Bwhich C who sDwho 25 、 Can you lend me the book the other day ? A

30、which you talked Bthat you talked Cabout that you talked D you talked about 26 、 This is one of the best films this year. A which has been shown B that have been shown Cthat have shown D have been shown 27 、 Do you know the man ? A that I spoke BI spoke to Cto who I spoke D whom I spoke 28 、 There a

31、re two thousand students in our school, are girls. A two-thirds in which B two-thirds in them Ctwo-thirds of them D of whom two thirds 29 、 I have bought two ball-pens, writes well. A neither of them B none of them Cneither of which D none of which 30 、 He built a telescope he could study the skies.

32、 A by it Bthrough which C with that D in which 31 、 Do you know the reason he was late? A for which Bfor what Cwhich D that 32 、has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. A As BThat CWhat D Which 33 、 John got beaten in the game, had been expected. A who B what C that D as 34 、 They re inv

33、ented me to their party, is kind of them. A this B that Cwhich D as 35 、 Crusoe s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely. A this B that Cwhich D as 36 、 There isn t so much noise in the country in big cities. A as Bwhere Cwhich Dthat 37 、 I often thought of my childhood, I lived on a farm. A

34、who B when C where D which 38 、 Next month, you ll be in your hometown, is coming. A where Bwhen Cthat Dwhich 39 、 The next thing must be done is to make a plan. A which Bthat C when D / 40 、 He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school. A that B when C who D which

35、、 Fill in the blanks： 1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 . 2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized. 3、This is the boy father died three years ago. 4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting

36、? 6、1949 is the year the People s Republic of China was founded. 7、They work in a factory makes radio parts. 8、They work in a factory radio parts are made. 9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends. 10 、 Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends. 11 、 She l

37、ives in a small village, is only three miles from here. 12 、 She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, she has some friends. 13 、 We ll put off the meeting till next week, we won t be so busy. 14 、 The sun gives the earth light and heat, is very important to the living things. 15 、 Thos

38、e want to go to the computer room write your names here. 16 、 He was often late, made his teacher very angry. 17 、 Who is the person is standing at the gate? 18 、 He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited. 、 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there are any: 1、He told us

39、 about the countries where he had visited. 2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids. 3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life. 4、The days when we spent together cannot be easily forgotten. 5、The house stands at the place that the two roads meet. 6、We shall visit t

40、he college where his father teaches there. 7、I know the reason that she looks so worried. 8、He left me the book, that is very useful for me. 9、This is the room which food is kept. 10 、 April 15, 1976 is the day when we ll never forget. 11 、 The man came yesterday is our English teacher. 12 、 The stu

41、dents are playing football on the playground are of Class Two . 13 、 This is all which I can do for you. 14 、 Can you think of anyone who s house was here? 15 、 The watch that Mother bought it for me works very well. 16 、 This is the only book that were borrowed from the library. 17 、 The day which

42、she had to leave arrived at last. 18 、 The doctor whom they want to see have come. 19 、 Do you know the young man whom has been chosen chairman? 20 、 The park stands at the place that the two rivers meet. 21 、 A plane is a machine can fly. 22 、 It is one of the best pictures which have been sold. 23

43、 、 Those that want to go put up your hands. 24 、 This is the knife with that the doctor did the operation. 25 、 Who is the man whom you said hello just now? 【答案】 : 、 1、D 2、 C 3 、 C 4、A 5、 A 6、 D 7、 C 8 、 B 9、D 10 、C 11 、C 12、 B 13 、B 14 、 D 15 、C 16 、D 17、 D 18 、C 19 、 C 20 、D 21 、A 22、 A 23 、C 24 、

44、 A 25 、D 26 、B 27、 B 28 、D 29 、 C 30 、B 31 、A 32、 A 33 、D 34 、 C 35 、C 36 、A 37、 B 38 、B 39 、 B 40 、A 、 1、who / that 2、 which / that 3、 whose 4、 which / that 5、 who / that 6、 when 7、 which / that 8、 where 9、 which 10 、whom 11 、which 12 、where 13 、when 14 、which 15 、who 16 、which 17 、that 18 、 that 、

45、 1、where that 2、 where which 3、 4、 when that / which 5、 that where 6 、 去掉 there 7、 that why 8 、 that which 9、 which where 10 、when which / that 11 、 man 后面加who 12 、 students 后面加 who 13 、which that 14 、 who swhose 15 、 去掉 it 16 、were was 17 、which when 18 、 have has 19 、whom who 20 、 that where 21 、machine后面加which / that 22 、 which that 23 、that who 24 、that which 25 、 whom that