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1、1 美丽中国（ Wild China）第一集龙之心 Heart of the Dragon 最后的隐世净土The last hidden world 中国China 数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地 For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes 以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures 中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the worlds oldest 而如今是最宏博的and today its largest 那数十亿的
2、人民with well over a billion people 现存超过五十个民族Its home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups 以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles 传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature 我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题 We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems 但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there
3、 is great beauty here too 中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the worlds highest mountains, 从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from searing hot 到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold 以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests 隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures 天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons 以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas 现在
4、我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever 深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country 接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here 目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China 人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they liv
5、e 这就是最原味的中国This is wild China 仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国 For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland 我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带 Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south 漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上 On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts 这个组合已延续千年之久a partnership that goes back more
6、than a thousand years 这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world 那是中国水墨永恒的主题a recurring motif in Chinese paintings 和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction 中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area 九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK 这里是山雨的国度Its a landscape of hills but also of water
7、这里一年之中有250 天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year 到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere 2 在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River 黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子 black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms 并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长 But it isnt just wildlife that thrive in this environment 沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族
8、最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境 the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family 这就是稻米rice 中国有着至少8000 年的稻米种植史 The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years 他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape 对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节 Late winter in southern Y unnan is
9、 a busy time for local farmers 因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田 as they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming spring 元阳县的山坡以2000M 之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county 斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley 包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田 each contains literally thousands of st
10、ack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools 云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中 Yunnans rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China 依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been 正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes 源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任 whose ancestors originated in these very
11、valleys 这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景 This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China 似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land 都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation 当薄暮降临As evening approaches 另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds 现在是交配的季节Its the m
12、ating season 雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣 and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females 但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光 But it dosent always pay to draw too much attention to youself 中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator 就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field 也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目
13、nature is red in beak and claw 或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter 但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time 此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会 the vast majority will escape to croak another day 元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的 Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of
14、 southern China 3 梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation 苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植 In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture 苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上 With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation 用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻 the Miao b
15、uild their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides 所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use 牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料 dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel 中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭 Its midday and the Song family are tucking into a lunch o
16、f rice and vegetables 老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat 寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind 春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season 庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计 the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year 因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要
17、的so planting at the right time is critical 时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year 而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict 但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand 宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕 On the cielling of the Songs living room a pair of red-rumpedswallow
18、newly arrive from their winter migration 他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last years nest 在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护 In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do 苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃 Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life 因此他们的存在被视为
19、so their presence is a favor and a blessing 幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home 如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田 Like most Miao dwellings, the Songs living room windows look out over the paddy fields 从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开 From early spring, one of these windows is always
20、left open to let the swallows come and go freely 古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间 Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return 苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临 Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead 然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late 因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟 so Gu and the
21、 other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly 当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting 燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests 或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies 4 最终经过了几周的准备Finally, aft
22、er weeks of preparation 这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived 首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds 扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy 那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside 宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植 All the Songs neighbors have turn
23、ed out to help with the transplanting 这是一直来他们的集体协作方式Its how the community has always worked 当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩 when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor 当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields 飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往 the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest 人
24、多力量大Many hands make light work 插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour 当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax 至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow 然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程 But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family 才刚刚开始has only just begun 新耕种的田地里In t
25、he newly planted fields 白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods 稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects 而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed 重庆自然保护区建立于1996 年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996 当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林 when a few dozen birds build nests in the bambo
26、o grove behind YanGuang village 当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck 他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地 local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove 但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变 But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill 当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to
27、 destroy their nests 他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them 易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place 但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐 but at least these youngsters wont end up at someones dinner 这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by t
28、heir mom 对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks 介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected 像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类 wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation 水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water 但即便是在多雨
29、的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机 5 but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce 相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China 的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined 因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般 is famous for its clusters of conical hills 连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned
30、 egg carton seperated by dry empty valleys 这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst 石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征 a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China 喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布 Karst landscapes are often studded with rocky outcrops 这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fiel
31、ds 当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一 The people who live here are among the poorest in China 在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province 遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely 这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest 无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion 造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and s
32、harp-edged pinnacles 石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解 Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water 在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带 Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself 这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot 每年的访客数量多达20
33、0 万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year 中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks 并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names 但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called 但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见 But there is more to this lands cape than meets th
34、e eye 在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns 隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst 这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes 而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And its only just now being explored 奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intre
35、pid young Chinese explorers 主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家 caves represent the ultimate adventure 探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险 Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time 常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途 a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries 水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles
36、 地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock 石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑 The cave rivers course is channeled by the beds of limestone 6 石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增 A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate 为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cav
37、e explorers 水流到达地下水位后便停止下流 The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached 这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道 Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile 这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes 比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb 中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China
38、 may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes 洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth 在地下水位线Above the water table 远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石 ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites 含有沉积物的水流St alactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock 在千万年间 “
39、 滴水成石 ”over hundreds or thousands of years 含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋 Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor 迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛 So far, only a fraction of Chinas caves have been thoroughly prospected 而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观 and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marve
40、ls 许多在后来被开发成了商业景点 many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves 探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness 在远离出发地的河谷 the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began 这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over 源自洞穴河流Rivers which issu
41、e from caves 为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country 贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province 成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the regions wildlife 这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the worlds rarest primates 白颊黑叶猴Francoiss langur 在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just tw
42、o southern provinces 贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi 多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains 正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, theyre social creatures 并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other 叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者 Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet
43、of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves 叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur 这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色 which gradually turns black from the tail end 叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip 7 帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life 随着年龄的增长As they get older 他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they
44、 get bolder and take more risks 这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling 尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food 到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range 在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain 旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level
45、 of climbing skill 这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家 These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk 叶猴族群In langur society 是母系社会females rule the roost 并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move 峭壁一侧One section of cliff 分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-
46、rich water 这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible 如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者 These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey 然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China 中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒 甚至老虎的家 was home to leopards, pythons
47、, and even tigers 为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers 叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground 用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所 using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns 夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera 叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along f
48、amiliar ledges 被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them 当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather 猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground 空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm 旅途的终点At last, journeys end, 高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策 a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most en
49、terprising predator 并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But its not just monkeys that find shelter in caves 这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school 在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning 穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way 然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school 这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders 当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journeys end 住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast 校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗 In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off 8 但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground 以及正规