《2020学年人教版高中英语必修三：单元过关检测卷（4）（含答案）.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2020学年人教版高中英语必修三：单元过关检测卷（4）（含答案）.doc（38页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、2020学年人教版英语精品资料英语必修3(人教版)单元过关检测卷(四)A卷基础知识检测一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1She_(gentle) refused to accept the gifts.答案：gently2If someone walks on the moon，he will feel_(weight)答案：weightless3_(exhaust)，I went to bed as soon as I got home.答案：Exhausted4With the_(develop) of our country，our life is better and better.答案：
2、development5How _(disappoint) we were when we heard the news.答案：disappointed二、从课文中选择适当的单词或短语完成下面的短文According to the 1._(大爆炸学说), 10 2._(十亿) years ago the Earth had not yet formed and our 3._ (太阳系)was in a form called the “solar nebula”， which contained the young sun in the center.A huge clouds of gas
3、 around the sun combined into solid 4._ _(球体) by the force of gravity.One of them formed the earth and its surface is very violent.Later, it cooled down enough for water vapor to form liquid water and the 5._ (有害的)gases were 6._(及时) to be dissolved into the seas and oceans.About 2.5 billion years ag
4、o, the first extremely small plants producing oxygen appeared and until 2 billion years ago the first 7._(爬行动物)evolved, and by the end of this period, the huge 8._ _(恐龙), which produced young by 9._(下蛋)，had evolved.About 3 million years ago, the first humanlike mammals (哺乳动物) evolved and then, at ab
5、out 50，000 years ago, the first real humans 10._ (存在) on the earth.答案：1Big Bang system2.billion3.solar system4globes5.harmful6.in time7.reptiles8dinosaurs9.laying eggs10.existed三、将下列句子翻译成英语1乌云几乎能遮住整个天空。(block out)_答案：The black cloud almost blocked the sky out.2战争可能爆发的消息使人们惊恐不安。(break out)_答案：The new
6、s that war might break out alarmed the people.3他太虚弱了，站不起来。(too.to)_答案：He was too weak to stand.4他成功的根本原因在于他能长时间工作而不疲倦。( fundamental )_答案：The fundamental cause of his success was his ability to work hard for long hours.5飞机坠毁在山坡上。(crash)_答案：The aircraft crashed on a hillside.四、语法填空Last month I made a
7、trip into space with my friend Li Yanping.We visited the moon in our spaceship.Before we left, Li Yanping explained 1._me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and 2._the first change would be the most 3._(power)Then we were off.As the rocket rose slowly into the air we b
8、egan to feel 4._pull of the earth, which is 5._we called gravity.At first it pushed us 6._hard back into our seats that we could not say anything to each other.7_(gradual) the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him.8._we got closer to the moon, we felt its gravity pulling us but it was not as
9、 strong a pull as the earths.I cheered up immediately and floated 9._(weight) around in our spaceship cabin 10._(watch) the earth become smaller and the moon larger.1解析：考查介词搭配“explain sth. to sb.”。答案：to2解析：考查宾语从句，explain to me that.and that.。答案：that3解析：考查词形变化，此处需要一个形容词。答案：powerful4解析：考查冠词，地球的拉力。答案：t
10、he5解析：考查表语从句，从句缺少call的宾语，所以用what。答案：what6解析：考查固定搭配“so.that.”。答案：so7解析：考查词形变化，逐渐地。答案：Gradually8解析：考查连词，当我们靠近月亮时。答案：When9解析：考查词形变化，肯定是无重量地才能浮起来，所以用weightlessly。答案：weightlessly10解析：考查非谓语动词作伴随状语，表主动。答案：watchingB卷综合检测(测试时间：120分钟评价分值：135分)第一部分语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从1
11、15各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。How big is space? That is a question man has been asking since the beginning of time.When your grandparents were in school, it was _1_ the universe was very _2_ perhaps only 5，000 light years across.500 years ago people considered that the universe was only a little bit_3_t
12、han the Earth.In modern times with the _4_ of technology we are finally starting to_5_ the immense (无边的) size of the universe, and it is much bigger than anyone should have ever imagined.Scientists cannot stretch (伸展) a measuring tape from the earth to a nearby star, so how do they know how far away
13、 they are? Scientists use something _6_ Parallax (视差)Parallax means simply that they look at how much the stars move in the sky back and forth throughout the year as the earth circles the sun.This is not something _7_ to you.In fact if you stretch out your hand in front of you and _8_ your thumb, wh
14、ile _9_ one eye, and then the other, your thumb will _10_ to move back and forth.Stars do the _11_ thing, but our eyes are too close to see the _12_However if we take a picture while on one side of earths orbit, and then take another when we get to the _13_ side of the orbit, then we have a large en
15、ough _14_ that we can see the stars parallax, and _15_ how far away they really are. ()1.A.measured Bsaid Cthought Dproved解析：在祖父辈时，人们认为宇宙很小，故用it was thought that。答案：C()2.A.old Bbig Clong Dsmall 解析：与下文“only 5，000 light years”， 同义复现因而选small。答案：D()3.A.bigger Bsmaller Cheavier Dnearer解析：根据上下文语境，选用bigger
16、。答案：A()4.A.popularity Bpower Cenergy Dstrength解析：随着技术越来越厉害，选择power。答案：B()5.A.grasp Bcontrol Cimagine Dfeel解析：我们开始理解宇宙的无垠，grasp为理解，掌握之意。答案：A()6.A.honored Bcalled Cconsidered Dbelieved解析：根据句子理解，叫做视差的技术。答案：B()7.A.unacceptable Bunfamiliar Cunbelievable Dunnatural 解析：something指代前文的“星体的移动和地球的旋转”，这都是大家熟悉的地
17、理现象。答案：B()8.A.look at Bshake Cglare at Dnotice解析：8，9，10这几个空的意思是：当我们伸出手把手放在面前，看着拇指，然后轮流闭上眼睛，你就会感觉拇指好像在前后移动。答案：A()9.A.covering Bopening Ccontrolling Dhiding 解析：同上。答案：A()10.A.continue Bhappen Cstop Dappear 解析：同上。答案：D()11.A.common Bdifferent Cstrange Dsame 解析：反义复现。答案：D()12.A.result Beffect Cdifference D
18、similarity解析：反义复现。答案：C()13.A.suitable Bsame Copposite Dcorrect解析：the other side of the orbitthe opposite side of the orbit。答案：C()14.A.distance Blength Cheight Dwidth解析：have a large enough distance与too close to see 是同义复现。答案：A()15.A.realize Bdetermine Crecognize Ddecide解析：determine 有“确定，判决”之意。答案：B第二节：
19、语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。In ancient times, many people believed the earth was a flat disc.Well over 2，000 years ago, the ancient Greek philosophers were able to put forward two good arguments 16._(prove) that it was not.Direct observations of h
20、eavenly bodies were the basis of both these 17._(argue)First, the Greeks knew that during eclipses(月食) of the moon the earth was 18._the sun and the moon, and they 19._(see) that during these eclipses, the earths shadow on the moon was always round, they realized that this could be true only 20._the
21、 earth was spherical(球形的)If the earth was a flat disc, then 21._shadow during eclipses would not be a prefect circle，it would be stretched out 22._a long ellipse(椭圆)The second argument was based on 23._the Greeks saw during their travels.They noticed that the North Star appeared lower in 24._sky whe
22、n they traveled south, in the more northerly regions, the North Star appeared to be much 25._(high) in the sky.答案：16解析：现在分词短语作定语。答案：proving17解析：名词作宾语， 由these可知是复数。答案：arguments18解析：根据后面的and可知。答案：between19解析：由上下文可知用一般过去时。答案：saw20解析：根据前后句的条件关系可知， if引导条件从句。答案：if21解析：指代前面的the earth的。答案：its22解析：介词into这里意为
23、“变成为”。答案：into23解析：引导宾语从句， 作从句的宾语。答案：what24解析：固定词组。the sky天空。答案：the25解析：根据句意及前面的much可知用比较级。答案：higher第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAt first, the earths surface layer(层)was made up of huge blocks of hard, solid rocks.Then slowly, there rocks broke up into
24、smaller and smaller pieces.Finally stones, pebble(卵石)and grains of sand were formed.Many sorts of plants and animals lived and died on the surface of the earth.Their remains mixed up with the stones, pebbles and formed soil.The outmost layer of the earth is soil.There are many ways in which large pi
25、eces of rock break into smaller ones.Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks.When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away.These leave holes and crack(裂缝)in the rock, which become bigger and finally the rock breaks u
26、p into smaller pieces.The moving water of streams and rivers also help to break up rocks.As the water moves along, it carries with it small pieces of rock.These rub the larger ones.Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.The heat of the sun is also helpful to breaking up rocks.When th
27、e sun shines, the rocks become very hot.If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack.Ice also plays a part in making soil.Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather.As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break into smaller pieces.()26.According t
28、o the passage, soil _Aforms very slowlyBis a mixture of stones, pebbles and sandCmake up the layers of the earthDis becoming smaller and smaller解析：细节题。 根据第一段可以知道，土壤的形成是一个漫长的过程。答案：A()27.How many factors are mentioned in helping the forming of soil?AThree. BFour.CFive. DMore than five.解析：第一段中的“first,
29、then, finally”再加上后面两个成因，推断出选C。答案：C()28.Which of the following speeds up the breaks of rocks most?AHot weather.BCold water.CSharp changes in temperature.DMore dead plants in the cracks.解析：最后一段“If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack.”，推断选C。答案：C()29.Which of the following is NOT true?AThe r
30、emains of many plants of animals formed soil.BIf a large rock never moves, it will never break up.CEven if a large rock never moves, it will break up.DIce in the cracks helps to break up rocks.解析：根据全文可知B项的说法是错误的。答案：B()30.The best title for this passage should be_ASoil from RocksBWays to Break Up Roc
31、ksCSoil on the EarthDSoil, Outmost Layer of the Earth30解析：主旨大意题。整篇文章围绕土壤来自岩石而展开论说。答案：ABEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical probl
32、em. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Hal
33、ley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse.Now Halley set to work, He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607 and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appe
34、arances had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three ti
35、mes. The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.In 1758 t
36、he comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halleys comet, in his honour.语篇解读：本文讲述科学家哈雷发现哈雷彗星的运行轨迹和特点。31Halley made his discovery_Aby doing experimentsBby means of his own careful observationCby using the work of
37、other scientistsDby chance解析：细节理解题。从第一段第二句可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，其他选项与本文内容不符。答案：C32Halley made a surprising but correct prediction in the year_A1704B1705C1706D1707解析：计算推理题。首先确定彗星下次出现的时间是l758年，然后确定这一时间距离他预测的时间是53年，1758531705。答案：B33This text in general is about_AHalley and other scientists Bthe o
38、rbit of a cometCNewton and Halley DHalley and his discovery解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，就可以看出文章的每一段都在介绍哈雷及他的发现，另外也可以从文章的首尾句看出本文的大意。答案：D34Which of the following is TRUE?AEdmund Halley was an American scientist.BHalley made his discovery by doing experiment.CIsaac Newton was a famous mathematician.DThe orbit of a co
39、met had the shape of an around.解析：辨别正误题。本文第一句说哈雷是一个英国科学家，所以A项是错误的。从第二句话可以看出，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家的观察中得出来的，所以B项是错误的。从第二段最后一句话可以得知哈雷彗星的轨道是椭圆形的，所以排除D项。答案：C35This passage is probably written to_Ageneral readers Bcollege studentsCscientists Dastronomers解析：可以用排除法。文章没有特别说明写给谁，故推理是一般的读者。答案：ACSatellites are an impo
40、rtant part of our ordinary lives.For example, the information for weather forecasts is sent by satellite.Some satellites have cameras which take photographs of the earth to show how clouds are moving.Satellites are also used to connect our international phone calls.Computer connections of the World
41、Wide Web and Internet also use satellites.Many of our TV programs come to US through satellites.Airplane pilots also sometimes use a satellite to help them find their exact location.We use satellites to send television pictures from one part of the world to another.They are usually 35，880 kilometers
42、 above the equator.Sometimes we can see a satellite in the sky and it seems to stay in the same place.This is because it is moving around the world at 11，000 kilometers an hourexactly the same speed that the earth rotates(转动)A satellite must orbit the earth with its antennae(天线)facing the earth.Some
43、times, it moves away from its orbit, so there are little rockets on it which are used to put the satellite back in the right position.This usually happens about every five or six days.Space is not empty! Every week, more and more satellites are sent into space to orbit the earth.A satellite usually works for about 1012 years.Satellites which are broken are sometimes repaired by astronauts or sometimes brought back to earth to be repaired.Often, very old or broken satellites are left in space to orbit the eart