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1、语法专项（三）介词（短语） 单句语法填空1(2019湖南六校联考)In many places like Britain and Italy, if you leave the house without your wallet, youll be a difficult situation all day.in解析：句意：在很多像英国和意大利这样的地方，如果你没带钱包就出门，你整天都会处于困境之中。in a(n).situation意为“处于某种处境”，为固定搭配。2(2019湖南岳阳一中月考)Meanwhile, those who are successful and famous ha
2、ve to deal with constant media attention. They are also huge pressure to appear young and beautiful.under解析：句意：同时，那些成功人和名人不得不应对媒体的持续关注。他们也处于保持年轻漂亮的巨大压力中。under pressure 是固定短语，意为“处于压力中”。3(2019湖北华大联盟质检)The theory of kung fu is based classical Chinese philosophy(哲学)on/upon解析：base.on/upon.为固定搭配，意为“建立在基础上
3、”。4(2019山东烟台期中)The city looked almost the same as it had looked in AD. 79. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium 20，000 seats.with解析：句意：这座城市看起来与公元79 年的样子几乎相同。有街道和喷泉，房舍和商店。有一个有两万个座位的体育馆。空格处用介词with 表示“有”，作后置定语修饰stadium。5(2019天水模拟)Nowadays, the development of technolog
4、y, online shopping is becoming more and more convenient.with解析：考查介词。with the development of为固定搭配，意为“随着的发展”，故填with。6(2019广西贵港联考)The university is famous outstanding academic achievements and the high quality of research undertaken in a wide range of science and arts subjects.for解析：句意：这所大学以杰出的学术成就和广泛的
5、理科和文科课程方面所承担的高质量的研究而闻名。空格后面的内容是出名的原因，介词for表示“因为”。7(2019平顶山调研)Another good reason reading books is that it is useful.for解析：在reason后面用for表示“的原因”，故填for。8(2019山东师大附中二模)You can also apply a chance to get an informal position related to your desired industry.for解析：句意：你也可以申请获得与你所渴望的领域相关的一个非正式职位的机会。apply fo
6、r表示“申请”。9(2019河南豫南九校质量考评)My parents and teachers were surprised my bad performance.at解析：句意：我的父母和老师对我不好的表现感到很惊讶。be surprised at为固定短语，意为：对感到惊讶。10(2019福州八中质检)My experience has taught me that only if we attach great importance cooperation can we go beyond ourselves. to解析：attach importance to为固定短语，意为“重视”
7、。 单句改错1(2019江南十校模拟)During the National Day holiday, I paid a visit my grandma in the countryside. 在visit后加to解析：pay a visit to为固定短语，意为“参观，访问”。2(2019厦门一中模拟)I believe I will have a wonderful time in this summer. 去掉in解析：当名词前有this, that, last, next等词修饰时，一般不再用介词。3(2019淮南二中模拟)Nowadays, people in many big c
8、ities are complaining the heavy traffic. 在complaining后加about解析：complain about为固定短语，意为“抱怨”。4(2019山东临沂一模)If you find a position at there, Im sure youll have a rapid improvement in both your character and ability. 去掉at解析：句意：如果你在那里找到一个职位，我确信你会在品质和能力上都会有迅速地提升。there为副词，可单独作状语，故去掉at。5(2019贵阳检测)But the butc
9、her refused and even argued that it wouldnt do harm for her health. forto解析：考查介词。do harm to为固定搭配，意为“对有危害”，故将for改为to。 语法填空(2019福州毕业班适应性练习)Most Americans think of New Year as a single day on January 1st. However, ChineseAmericans and people from other cultures that use 1. (difference) calendars each h
10、ave another celebration as well. A good example of this is the Chinese New Year celebration in San Francisco, 2. is similar in style to what we do in Shanghai.The 3. famous part of Chinese New Year in San Francisco is the parade, which is watched by over three million people every year. The parade 4
11、. (march) through downtown and Chinatown with over a hundred entries taking part. 5. the course of the parade，cheering from the crowd is mixed with drums and music as local community 6. (group) wave banners, flags，and carry lanterns. Chinesethemed floats will “float” by, including 7. long Golden Dra
12、gon float that takes one hundred people to operate. Local kung fu schools will perform lion dances when firecrackers explode around 8. (they) feet.For many Americans, 9. (celebrate) their ancestral culture is as important as American culture, and they celebrate both. If you have a chance 10. (visit)
13、 the United States, you may have the chance to see some of the celebrations yourself.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在旧金山的美籍华人庆祝新年的活动。1different解析：考查形容词。空处修饰后面的名词“calendars”，故应用形容词。句意：然而，美籍华人和其他使用不同历法的来自其他文化的人也有另一种庆祝方式。2which解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中the Chinese New Year celebration in San Francisco为先行词，
14、空处为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，故填which。3most解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据该句中的“famous part of Chinese New Year in San Francisco is the parade, which is watched by over three million people every year”可知，在旧金山，中国新年最著名的部分就是列队表演，每年有超过300万人观看。根据句意可知，空处应填形容词的最高级。4marches解析：考查动词的时态。句意：展示队伍穿过市区和唐人街，有一百多个参赛队伍参加。根据该句句意可知，该句陈述的
15、是一般事实，故用一般现在时。5In解析：考查介词。句意：在列队展示的过程中，来自人群的欢呼声和鼓声、音乐混合在一起，当地社区的人们挥舞着横幅、旗帜、提着灯笼。In表示“在里(中)”，符合语境。6groups解析：考查名词复数。句意见上题，根据句意并结合常识可知，当地社区团体有多个，故用复数形式。7a解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一条金色长龙”，故用不定冠词。句意：以中国为主题的花车将“漂浮”起来，其中包括一条由100人操作的金色长龙。8their解析：考查代词。根据空处后的名词“feet”可知，空处修饰该名词，故用形容词性物主代词。句意：当爆竹在他们的脚周围爆炸时，当地的功夫学校将会表演舞狮。
16、9celebrating解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处与“their ancestral culture”充当句子的主语，表示一种约定俗成的习惯，故用动词ing形式。句意：对许多美国人来说，庆祝他们的祖先文化和美国文化一样重要，他们庆祝这两种文化。10to visit解析：考查动词不定式。句意：如果你有机会去美国参观，你就可能有机会亲自去看这些庆祝活动。根据语境可知，空处表示将要发生的动作，故用动词不定式作后置定语。 短文改错(2019太原阶段性测评)Chinese is one of the worlds most widely spoken languages. There
17、are much different types of Chinese. For example, one type known as Mandarin, had almost a billion speakers. Outside of China, Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide. The different kinds of Chinese language use a same script. While someone from the north of China may need the s
18、peech of someone from the south interpreted, but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translating. In the early twenty century, a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese, that is now the official language of China. It is one of the official language of the United
19、Nations to develop more effectively communication.答案：Chinese is one of the worlds most widely spoken languages. There are different types of Chinese. For example, one type known as Mandarin, almost a billion speakers. Outside of China, Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide. Th
20、e different kinds of Chinese language use same script. While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, it is not usually necessary to have written documents . In the early century, a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese, is now the official language of China. It is one of the official of the United Nations to develop more communication.