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1、Unit 2Cloning 核心单词 differdifferent difference 1._ vi.不同；相异_ adj.不同的 _ n.不同；差异 exactexactly 2._ adj.精确的；准确的_ adv.精准地 3._ adj.商业的；贸易的_ n.商业；贸易 4._ adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的 5._ vt.(undertook; undertaken) 着手；从事； 承担 commercialcommerce straightforward undertake 6._ n.突破breakthrough 7._ n.程序；步骤；手续 procedure 8._ vi.
2、反对；不赞成_ n.不赞成；反对； 异议_ adj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的 9._ vt.获得；赢得 objectobjection 10._ vt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等) 11._ adj.道德(上)的；伦理的_ n.道德； 伦理 objective obtain attain moralmorality forbid accumulateaccumulation owe 12._ vt.(forbade，forbad; forbidden) 禁止；不准 13._ vt.& vi.积累；聚积_ n.积累；聚积 retireretirement 14._ vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)
3、；归功于 15._ vi.退休；离开_ n.退休 16._ vt.打扰vi.操心 n.烦扰bother 17._ n.假定；设想_ vt.假定；设想 18._ n.规则； 规章；法规_ v.调节； 管理 assumptionassume regulation regulate 19._ n.受人喜爱；流行_ adj. 流行 的；受人欢迎的 popularitypopular strike20._ vt.& vi.(struck, struck) 打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工 resistresistance resistant 21._ vt.抵抗；对抗_ n.抵抗；对抗 _ adj.抵抗的 ad
4、ore22._ vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱 23._ adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的_ n.原因 reasonablereason pay cast object haveimpact 常考短语 1._ off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 2._ down 使失望；使沮丧 3._ to 反对 favour owe 4._ a great _ on.对有很大影响 5.in_ of 赞成；支持 bound 6._.to.把归功于 7.(be) _ to (do).一定或注定(做) strikeheart timetime bringlife 8._.into ones _ 使刻骨铭心 9.from
5、 _ to _ 不时；偶尔 10._ back to _ 使复生；使复活 11.in _ 白费力气；枉费心机 12.in good/poor _ 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) vain condition 经典佳句 Fromtimetotime if there 1._ _ _ _ people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.人们时常设想灭绝的动物，例如恐龙，有可 能通过克隆技术使它们复活。 notenoughdiversity
6、 2.All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain _ _ _ _ _ _ in the group to overcome illnesses.如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜 疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。 is with theirgenesarranged 3.Diversity in a group means having animals _ _ _ _ in different ways.群中的多样性指 的是拥有基因排列方式不同的动物。 课文回顾 exact uses valuable while Clon
7、ing is a way of making an 1._ (exactly) copy of another animal or plant.Cloning has two major 2._ (use). Firstly, gardeners use it to produce plants.Secondly, it is 3._ (value) for medical research on animals.Cloning plants is straightforward 4._ cloning animals is more complicated. The procedure is
8、 difficult 5._ (undertake).In 1996, scientists succeeded in 6._ (clone) the sheep Dolly.Then came the disturbing news 7._ Dolly was ill.Altogether to undertake cloning that objections forbade or Dolly lived for six years.Dollys appearance raised a storm of 8._ (object).Governments became nervous and
9、 many 9._ (forbid) research into human cloning.Scientists still wonder whether cloning will help 10._ harm us and where it is leading us to. 单句语法填空 1._ (retire) from business, he now occupies himself with his garden. Having retired in2.His efforts to raise money for his program were _ vain because n
10、o one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. taking 3.The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist _ (take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present. 4.(2017 年浙江卷 语法填空)But something made her look closer，and she noticed a _ (shine) o
11、bject. 5.I think it is her personality rather than her looks _ has struck me. shiny/shining that 6.Honey, look at your mistake in spelling this word, or you _ (obtain) full marks in this exam. 7.Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly objected to _ (call) a he
12、ro. could have obtained being called 8.Equipped with modern facilities, todays libraries differ greatly _ those of the past. 9.(2018 年新课标卷 阅读理解 A)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the _ (popular) monuments in Washington, D.C. most popular different 10.(2017 年新课标卷阅读理解 D) They pump out perfumes
13、 designed to attract _ (differ) insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. from 1.differ vi.不同；相异 differ from 不同于；与有区别 differ in 在方面不同 differ with 与意见不一致 make a/some/no difference 有/有些/没有作用或影响 易混辨析differ, vary 和 diversify differ 强调两者的区别；vary 强调在一定的范围内变化； diversify 强调多种多样。 运用用适当的介词填空 (1)The tw
14、o brothers differed _ each other _ politics. within from differently (2)The story he told the police differed _ the one he told his mother. (3)(2018 年天津卷 完形填空)Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and encouraged them.I helped them to see themselves _ (different), and they built themselves in
15、to winners. 2.object vi.反对；不赞成 object to sth./doing sth.反对某事/做某事 objection n.不赞成；反对；异议 be open to objection 有可争议之处；有不合理之处 make/have an objection to/against.反对 feel objection to doing sth.反对做某事 一句多译 我的观点是，反对停车收费。 As far as Im concerned, I have an objection to charging for parking. In my opinion, I ob
16、ject to charging for parking. In my view, I am opposed to charging for parking. From my point of view, Im against charging for parking. 运用单句语法填空 (1)I object to _ (waste) money on useless things. (2)The issue proposed by him is open to _ (object). (3)We object to _ (blame) for something that we haven
17、t done. wasting objection being blamed 3.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于 owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物 owe sb.an apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个情 owe.to把归功于 owe it to sb.that.多亏某人 owe sb.for.因而欠某人(的) owing to 因为；由于 用法指引 如果 owe 的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用 it 做形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在 句尾。 易混辨析due to, owing to 和
18、 thanks to (1)due to 在英式英语中只能引导表语；美式英语中可做表 语也可做状语。如： Our victory was due to the assistance of the star-player.我们的 胜利归因于主力球员的发挥。 I came late due to the traffic jams.由于交通堵塞，我来晚了。 (此句中 due to 用作状语，仅美语中可见) (2)owing to 即可做状语又可做表语。它所引导的状语必须 修饰全句，必须用逗号与主句隔开，这点与 because of 不同。 如： They decided to postpone th
19、e trip, owing to the change of weather.由于气候变化，他们决定推迟旅程。 (3)thanks to 也是引导状语，除表示“由于”之外，往往带 有感谢或讽刺的意思。如： Thanks to your help, much trouble was avoided. 多亏了你的 帮助，才省了许多麻烦。 运用单句语法填空 (1)He owes his success more _ luck than _ ability. toto to it to (2)I owe a lot _ my wife and children. (3)He owed _ to his
20、 teachers that he could be admitted to a key university. (4)Owing _ my lack of experience, I didnt do the work well. 4.bother vt.打扰vi.操心 n.烦扰 bother with/about 为而烦恼；因而操心 bother to do/doing 费神做 用法指引 bother 作“麻烦；困难”讲时，是不可数名词；作“令人 烦恼的事物；讨厌的人”讲时，是可数名词。 易混辨析bother, disturb, trouble 和 annoy (1)bother 指干扰别
21、人的正常生活和工作而使之不太安宁， 可能是故意的，含有使人讨厌的意味。 (2)disturb 指使人失去正常秩序而一时得不到安宁，精力不 能集中，语气比 bother 弱。 (3)trouble 常指在心情上失去平静而感到忧虑、苦恼或在行 动上带来不便，也常用于礼貌的请求。 (4)annoy 通常指重复性的行为使(别人)生气，常用于被动， 表示为某事烦恼、生气。 运用单句语法填空 (1)He didnt even bother _ (say) thank you. (2)Dont bother your father _ it now；hes very tired. to say about/
22、with is bothering (3)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what _ (bother) them. 5.resist vt.抵抗；对抗 cant/couldnt resist doing sth.禁不住做某事 resist (doing) sth.抵制(做)某事 be hard/impossible to resist 难以拒绝 resistant adj.抵抗的；有抵抗力的 be resistant to 对有抵抗力 写作佳句 Through educating hims
23、elf and strengthening his own will, every individual should resist the temptation of cigarettes. 每一个 人都应该透过自我我教育，强化自己的意志力，来抗拒香烟的 to playing 诱惑。 运用 单句语法填空 (1)The children always resist _ (go) to bed on Christmas Eve. (2)The new product is resistant _ high temperature and heat. (3)The child couldnt re
24、sist _ (play) computer games. going 1.pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 pay for 为付款；为付出代价 pay back 偿还(欠款)；回报 pay out 付出 pay the bill 付账单 get paid 获得报酬 用法指引 pay off 表示“得到好结果；有回报”时是不及物动词词 组，其后不接宾语； 表示“偿清”时是及物动词词组。 运用单句语法填空 (1)The doctors efforts paid _ when he saw the patient open his eyes. off for back paid (2)(
25、2018 年北京卷阅读理解 D)They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying _ parking. (3)That I can pay _ the help people give me makes me happy. (4)I get _ (pay) for piecework, not on a monthly wage. 2.in favour of 赞成；支持 in sb.s favour 对某人有利；得某
26、人欢心 do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠；帮某人的忙 写作佳句 All his family are in favour of his decision to work in the western area after graduation.全家人都支持他毕业后去西部工作 的决定。 to pick 运用单句语法填空 (1)Lu Xun abandoned health care _ favour of literature in the 1920s. (2)Do me _ favour and turn off the radio. (3)Could you do me the f
27、avour _ (pick) up Sam from school today? in a 3.(be) bound to (do).一定或注定(做) be bound to sth.被束缚于/被绑在某物上 be bound (for.)准备(去) be bound up in 热心于；忙于 be bound up with 与有密切关系 写作佳句 I am bound to say I disagree with you on this point.我觉得有 必要指出，在这点上我与你意见不一致。 with 运用单句语法填空 (1)The new discovery is bound _ (b
28、e) of great service to mankind. (2)She is bound up _ her homework. (3)His future is bound up _ that of the company. to be in 4.in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏) out of condition 健康状况欠佳 working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境 on condition that.在条件下；倘若 on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装 语序
29、) 写作佳句 Before the college entrance examination ， all of us should adjust ourselves to being in good condition.高考前，我们每个人应 把自己调整到最好状态。 运用单句语法填空 (1)The car has been well maintained and is _ good condition. in conditions on should (2)No one pay attention to their working _ (condition). (3)You can keep t
30、he books for about 3 weeks _ condition that you preserve them well. (4)On no condition _ you lose heart when you are in trouble. 原句1The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.她(多莉羊)看来是在正常地成长着，这很鼓舞 人心。 “that she seemed to develop normally”是一个同位语从句，做 the fact 的同位语。同位语从句一般由 that
31、引导，常放在 fact， truth, news, information, idea, thought, hope, suggestion, advice, reply, remark, report 等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。 注意：当先行词是 problem, question 或当主句是表示疑问 或否定意思时，连接词要用 whether 或其他的疑问代词或疑问 that whether 副词。 运用 单句语法填空 (1)The idea _ schools cancel sport activities is very discouraging, which, in my op
32、inion, is not a good way to prevent students from getting hurt. (2)The old saying _ honesty is the best policy is well known to everyone, which signifies the importance of honesty. (3)The question _ we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet. that 原句2Could it be solved if corr
33、ections were made in their research procedure？如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决呢？ 本句为虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。 (1)在非真实条件句中的虚拟语气中，如果表示与现在事实 相反的假设，用动词的过去式(be 动词一般用 were)，主句则用 would/could/should/might动词原形； (2)与过去事实相反的假设，用 had过去分词，主句则用 would/could/should/mighthave过去分词； (3)与将来事实相反的假设，可用动词的过去式，were to 动词原形或者 should 动 词 原 形 ， 主句则用
34、would/could/ had driven would lend should/might动词原形。 运用 单句语法填空 (1)(2018 年北京卷单项填空)They might have found a better hotel if they _ (drive) a few more kilometers. (2)If the sun were to rise in the west, I _ (lend) you the money. 原句3The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals ma
35、y die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是如果发 生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外 一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。 The advantage/disadvantage of.is that. 的 优 点 / 不 足 是 The drawback of.is that.的缺点是 The problem of.is that.的问题是 The chance is that.有可能 运用完成句子
36、，每空一词 (1)由于我们队余下的比赛不太难，因此我们队在结束时有 可能名列前茅。 Thechanceisthat_ _ _ _ our team will finish at the top, as our remaining matches arent too difficult. (2)汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。 _ _ of the popularity of cars _ _ it brings about so much air pollution. Thedrawback is that (3)住在你所就读的大学宿舍里的优势在于如果你有问题 可以得到帮助。 _ _
37、_ using your university accommodation _ _ you can get support if you have a problem. Theadvantageof isthat 运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来 Nowadays, the biotechnology of cloning has given rise to widespread 1._ (concerned) and controversy；peoples opinions 2._ (different) widely as to that.Those who are 3.
38、_ favour of cloning claim that human beings may 4._ (beneficial)from it basing on the facts that it can be used to produce 5._ (cure) for serious illnesses in humans and plants of similar quality for sales and to help save 6._ concern differ inbenefit cures endangered a with strongly to forbid (enda
39、nger) animals as well.While others firmly hold cloning will induce 7._ series of problems.For example, animal clones may develop the illnesses of older animals to die younger than the donators and some evil leaders may want to clone themselves 8._ the aid of the technology of cloning.Personally, I am 9._ (strong) opposed to human cloning and the government should introduce laws 10._ (forbid) it before it is too late.