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1、初中英语常用单词重点词汇 dates （日期） 一周七天seven days=a week Monday 周一 Tuesday 周二 Wednesday周三 Thursday 周四 Friday 周五 Saturday 周六 Sunday 周日 week ( 周 ) last/next week (上周 /下周 ) weekend ( 周末 ) last/next weekend (上周末 /下周末 ) weekday (工作日 /平日 ) 季节： spring 春天summer 夏天autumn fall 秋天winter冬天 常用对话： What day is it today？问星期几I
2、t s Wednesday Whats the date today? 问日期It s May 2nd. When were you born? 问出生I was born in 2000. （年份用in） I was born on March 13th, 2000. (具体某天用on) 天的表达： The day before yesterday yesterday today tomorrow the day after tomorrow 前天昨天今天明天后天 past （过去） Now future (in the future)将来 早中晚 Good morning Good aft
3、ernoon Good evening Good night 早上好下午好晚上好晚安 in the morning in the afternoon in the evening at night Have breakfast 吃早餐Have lunch 吃中餐Have supper(dinner) 吃晚餐 on Monday morning last night 昨晚 一年 12 个月twelve months=a year January 一月 February 二月 March 三月 April 四月 May 五月 June 六月 July 七月 August 八月 September九
4、月 October 十月 November 十一月 December 十二月 last/next year ( 去年 /明年 ) last/next month (上个月 /下个月 ) 2 时间（ time ）hour ( 小时 ) minute (分) second (秒) 7.00seven (o clock) 整点 7.05 7.35 five past seven 逆读法 seven o five 顺读法 (时 +分) twenty-five to eight seven thirty-five 7.10 7.45 ten past seven seven ten a quarter
5、to eight seven forty-five 7.15 7.50 a quarter past seven seven fifteen ten to eight seven fifty 7.30 7.55 half past seven seven thirty five to eight seven fifty-five 常用的询问时间对话：What time is it now? / What is the time? It s seven o clock. What time do you usually get up? At 7.10 one day and a half 一天半
6、 two weeks and a half 两周半three years and a half 三年半 transports（交通工具） car 小汽车 bus 公共汽车bike 自行车 taxi 出租车 ship 轮船plane 飞机 boat 小船train 火车subway 地铁 on foot (=walk) 走路，散步 询问交通方式 How do you usually go to school? 你通常怎样去学校？ By bus. (简答 ) I usually go to school by bus. （完整回答） =I usually take the bus. 点拨：go t
7、o+ 地点 +by+ 交通工具= take/ride/drive +a/the+交通工具（to+地点） go to work by bus = take the bus to work go to work by taxi = take a taxi to work go to work by car = drive my car to work go to work by bike = ride my bike to work go to work on foot = walk to work 半小时以内用past (60-分)+to+(时+1) 超过半小时用 to 分+past+时 常用词
8、汇及交际用语班级姓名 3 Numbers（数字） 数字基数词序数词 0 zero 1 one first/1st 2 two second/2nd 3 three third/3rd 4 four fourth/4th 5 five fifth/5th 6 six sixth/6th 7 seven seventh/7th 8 eight eighth/8th 9 nine ninth/9th 10 ten tenth/10th 11 eleven eleventh/11th 12 twelve twelfth/12th 数字基数词序数词 13 thirteen thirteenth/13th
9、 14 fourteen fourteenth/14th 15 fifteen fifteenth/15th 16 sixteen sixteenth/16th 17 seventeen seventeenth/17th 18 eighteen eighteenth/18th 19 nineteen nineteenth/19th 20 twenty twentieth/20th 30 thirty thirtieth/30th 40 forty fortieth/40th 50 fifty fiftieth/50th 60 sixty sixtieth/60th 70 seventy sev
10、entieth/70th 80 eighty eightieth/80th 90 ninety ninetieth/90th 100 hundred hundredth/100th 1000 thousand thousandth/1000th million 百万 序数词： 序数词表示事物的顺序，往往与定冠词the 连用。 jobs 、occupation（职业） farmer 农民cook 厨师doctor 医生nurse 护士 postman 邮递员 worker 工人soldier 士兵teacher 教师cleaner 清洁工driver 司机 reporter 记者dancer 舞
11、蹈者singer 歌手lawyer 律师painter 画家 inventor 发明家musician 音乐家policeman 警察 scientist 科学家actor/actress 演员 engineer 工程师pupil 小学生manager 经理model 模特儿student 学生 guide 导游athlete ? li ?t运动员waiter / waitress （餐厅）服务员 询问别人 职业的句型 What do does your father do? = Whats your father? He is a doctor. / I work in a hospital
12、. What do you want to do be? I want to be a singer. family （家庭成员类） parents 父母亲father 父亲mother 母亲son 儿子daughter 女儿 sister 姐妹brother 兄弟cousin 堂兄妹uncle 叔叔、舅舅aunt 阿姨 /姑、婶 grandparents 祖父母 grandson孙子、外孙granddaughter孙女、外孙女 4 places （地点 )：on the right/left在左 /右边 inside 里面outside 外面 school 学校classroom教室 gym
13、 体育馆playground操场library 图书馆 shop/store商店restaurant餐馆hotel 酒店home 家house 屋子 hospital 医院factory 工厂park 公园university 大学 street 街道 zoo 动物园bank 银行supermarket 超市office 办公室post office 邮局 garden 花园swimming pool 游泳池 bookshop/bookstore 书店 reading-room 阅览室 school building 教学楼 pay phone 电 话 亭 aquarium 水族馆 ?kwe
14、?r?m underground station 地铁站 bus-stop/bus station 车站 theater 电影院 /剧院 bedroom 卧室sitting room 起居室 kitchen 厨房bathroom 卫生间space 太空 museum 博物garden 花园company 公司church 教堂farm 农场 river lake 湖beach 海滩sea 海洋coast 海滨、海岸 四个方向 east 东方west 西方south 南方north 北方 eastern 东方的western 西方的southern 南方的northern 北方的 countri
15、es国家 : Country 国家名Nationality 国籍 /民族Language 语言Capital 首都 China/the PRC 中国Chinese 中国人Chinese 中文Beijing 北京 Japan 日本 Japanese Japanese 日语Tokyo 东京 America/the USA 美国 American English Washington 华盛顿 Britain/the UK 英国British 英国人English 英语London 伦敦 Australia 澳大利亚 Australian English Canberra堪培拉 Canada 加拿大
16、Canadian English Ottawa 渥太华 France 法国 French French 法语Paris 巴黎 Germany 德国 German German 德语 Berlin 柏林 Russia 俄国 Russian Russian 俄语Moscow 莫斯科 Italy 意大利 Italian Italian 意大利语Rome 罗马 其他常见城市New York 纽约（美国）Toronto 多伦多Hong Kong 香港 常用词汇及交际用语班级姓名 5 Sydney 悉尼 （澳大利亚）（加拿大）Macao 澳门 询问别人来自哪里 Where are you from? =W
17、here do you come from I m from China. =I come from China. 洲名： Asia 亚洲Europe 欧洲South America北美洲North America南美洲Africa 非洲 school things （学习用品） bag 书包backpack 背包pen 钢笔pencil 铅笔 ruler 尺子 eraser 橡皮book 书pencil box 文具盒 desk 桌子chair 椅子 notebook 笔记本dictionary 字典tape 磁带watch 手表map 地图 球类、棋类、琴类 basketball 篮球fo
18、otball 足球 soccer 美式足球 volleyball 排球ping-pong 乒乓球 badminton羽毛球baseball棒球golf 高尔夫球tennis 网球chess 国际象棋 piano 钢琴 violin 小提琴 guitar 吉他drums 鼓 trumpets 喇叭 weather （天气类） sun 太阳cloud 云rain 雨、下雨snow 雪、下雪wind 风fog 雾 sunny 天晴的cloudy 多云的rainy 下雨的snowy 下雪的windy 起风的foggy 多雾的 hot 热的cool 凉爽的raindrops 雨滴thick 厚的 thi
19、n 稀薄的 noisy 吵闹的quiet/silent 宁静的 warm 暖和的dry 干燥的wet 潮湿的cold 冷的blow 吹sunshine 阳光 询问天气 How is weather? =What is the weather like? It is sunny. It is a fine day. It s a cold day! What a cold day! animals （动物类） dog 狗cat 猫pig 猪sheep 羊cow 牛fish 鱼 duck 鸭子chicken 小鸡mouse 老鼠cock 公鸡bird 鸟rabbit 兔子 horse 马tiger
20、 老虎lion 狮子snake 蛇monkey 猴子panda 熊猫 elephant 大象koala 考拉熊dolphin 海豚fox 狐狸bear 熊kangaroo 袋鼠 butterfly 蝴蝶 fly 苍蝇 frog 青蛙ant 蚂蚁wolf 狼dragon 恐龙 food and fruit （食物水果类） 食物、饮料类 bread 面包egg 鸡蛋biscuit 饼干soup 汤 juice 果汁 sandwich 三明治noodle 面条 cake 蛋糕salt 盐 water 水 6 hamburger汉堡rice 米饭 pie 派wine 酒coffee 咖啡 ham 火腿
21、porridge 稀饭sugar 糖beer 啤酒milk 牛奶 水果类 apple 苹果pear 梨banana 香蕉peach 桃子grape 葡萄 orange 桔子lemon 柠檬strawberry 草莓 pineapple 菠萝 watermelon 西瓜 coconut 椰子 subjects (学科类 ) Chinese 语文math 数学English 英语 physics 物理chemistry 化学 history 历史politics 政治biology 生物 geography地理science 科学 music 音乐P.E. 体育art 艺术 外貌性格情绪类 外貌
22、tall 高的heavy / fat胖的curly 卷发的big 大的beautiful 美丽的 short 矮的、短的thin 瘦的straight 直发的small 小的medium height 中等身高 性格 outgoing 外向的cute /lovely可爱的shy 害羞的friendly 友好的serious 严肃的 active 积极的、活跃的 polite 礼貌的clever/ smart 聪明的 kind 善良的、和霭的 strict 严格的 intelligent 有才智的 impolite 不礼貌的hard-working 辛勤的 unfriendly 不友好的 pat
23、ient 耐心的 humorous 幽默的selfish 自私的helpful 有益的careful 仔细的careless 粗心的 情绪 happy/pleased 高兴的 sad 悲伤的surprised/amazed 惊讶的 scared/afraid害怕 的 tired 疲惫的 excited 兴奋的worried 担忧的nervous 紧张的 frightened 恐惧的crazy 疯狂的 事物性质的描述类 important重要的harddifficult困难的good 好的fair 公平的exciting 令人兴份的 busy 繁忙的easy 容易的bad 坏的unfair 不公
24、平的pleasant 令人感到愉快的 necessary 必要的 boring 无聊的possible 可能的impossible不可能 的 amazing 令人感到吃惊的 interesting有趣的relaxing 令人放松的 scary 恐怖的serious 严重的surprising 令人感到惊讶的 常用词汇及交际用语班级姓名 7 颜色 blue 蓝色green 绿色yellow 黄色 black 黑色 white 白色red 红色orange 橙色pink 粉红色 -Whats your favorite color? -It s green. -What color is it?
25、-It s red. 常用交际用语 打招呼与告别用语（Greeting and Saying Good-bye） 1.How are you ? I m fine, thanks. 2. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 谈论高度 （Talking about height） Are you short or tall? I m short tall. 就餐用语 （Having meals） 1.Would you like some dumpling? No, thanks. Yes please. 2. What would you like
26、 for supper? 3. Are you ready to order? Yes, please. Id like. 谈论年龄 （Talking about age） How old are you?/ What s your age? I m fourteen years old. 谈论购物 （Talking about shopping ） 1.May I help you ?What can I do for you? I would like want to buy a pencil, please. 2. How much is this/ are they? Three yu
27、an. 3. I ll take it. 4. Here s your change. 5. What color would you like? 6. What about this one? 7. I m looking for a birthday present for my friend. 谈论距离 （Talking about distance） 1. How far is it from China to Canada? It s about 8,500 kilometers. 2. Beijing is far from our city. 3. How far is Beij
28、ing from here? It s about 7,000 kilometers miles away. 请求允许 （Asking for permission） 1. May I have some candies, please? 谈论节日和季节（Talking about festivals and seasons） What s your favorite festival season? My favorite festival is Childrens Day. My favorite seasons is fall are spring and winter. 谈论频率 （T
29、alking about frequency） How often do you watch TV? Twice a day. Once a week. 谈论规格（尺寸） （Talking about size） 1.What size does your friend wear? 2. I think he is the same size as Brian. 3.It s too big small. 问路及指路 （ Asking and directing the way） 1. Where is the school? 2. Excuse me, can you tell me the
30、 way to the cinema? 3. Go down this street. Turn right at the second crossing. 4. From there, you can see the movie theatre. 谈论材料 （Talking about materials） 1. Is your shirt made of cotton? 2. W hat s the shirt made of? 8 提出建议和命令（Giving advice/ order） 1. You dbetter 你最好2.You should 你应该 3. Don t push/
31、run.4. Please be quiet. 电话用语 （Making telephone calls） 1. Hello! This/Its.speaking.2. Hello! May I speak to 3. Hello! Id like to4. Hold on, please./Please wait a moment. 5. Can I take a message for you? 提供帮助 （Offering help ） 1. Can I help you? 2. Thanks for your help. 3. What can I do for you? Yes, p
32、lease. 4. Thank you all the same. 节日祝贺用语（Wishes ） Happy New Year! Merry Christmas!Happy Spring Festival! Happy Mid-Autumn Day！ 常用应答语 :Thank you. You, too. The same to you. 看病（ Seeing a Doctor） 1.医生询问病情 What s the matter (with you) / What s wrong? /W hat s your trouble? How long have you been like th
33、is? 2.病人陈述病情 Theres something wrong with my (eyes) I ve got a cough (fever/stomachache/headache/backache/sore throat) I don t feel well. It hurts here. I cant sleep well.I don t feel like eating anything. 3.医生的遗嘱、安慰及建议 Take this medicine three times a day, after the meal. Get up early and take more
34、exercise. Eat less fat food and more vegetables. 提建议（ Giving suggestions） 1.表达建议的用语 We d better go now. What/How about playing badminton now? Why not put off the meeting till tomorrow? Would/Could you do it, please? Shall we go to the park? Let s go to school. 2.应答建议的用语 肯定回答：Yes, please./Ok./Certain
35、ly./Good idea./Thats a good idea!/What a good idea !/All right./Sure./Yes, Lets./Yes, Id like/love to.( 其中 to 不能省略 ) 否定回答： No, thank you./Sorry, we cant./Sorry, you cant./Sorry, but./Sorry, Ill /Yes, Id like(love) to, but 道歉（ Apologies） 1. 表达道歉 Pardon? Excuse me! I beg your pardon. I m sorry/sorry.
36、2.回答别人的道歉的应答语 That s all right/Ok.It doesn t matter./Thats nothing./Never mind. No problem./ Don t worry about it! 同意与不同意（Agreement and disagreement） 1.完全同意 Certainly. /Sure. /Of course. / All right. /Ok. 常用词汇及交际用语班级姓名 9 Yes, please. /Yes, I think so. /That s true. Thats a good idea. / I agree (with you). /I m sure you re right. 3.完全不同意（Disagree ） No, I don t think so./I dont agree(with you)./I cant really agree with you. I m afraid not . / Of course not. /No way.