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1、专业好文档机电一体化系统设计试题课程代码：02245一、单项选择题(本大题共14小题，每小题1分，共14分)在每小题列出的四个选项中只有一个选项是符合题目要求的，请将正确选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。1.受控变量是机械运动的一种反馈控制系统称(B )A.顺序控制系统 B.伺服系统 C.数控机床D.工业机器人2.齿轮传动的总等效惯量随传动级数(A )A.增加而减小B.增加而增加C.减小而减小D.变化而不变3.滚珠丝杠螺母副结构类型有两类：外循环插管式和(D)A.内循环插管式 B.外循环反向器式C.内、外双循环 D.内循环反向器式4.某光栅的条纹密度是100条/mm，光栅条纹间的夹角=0.001孤
2、度，则莫尔条纹的宽度是(C)A.100mm B.20mm C.10mm D.0.1mm5.直流测速发电机输出的是与转速(C)A.成正比的交流电压 B.成反比的交流电压C.成正比的直流电压 D.成反比的直流电压6.电压跟随器的输出电压(C )输入电压。A.大于 B.大于等于 C.等于 D.小于7.某4极交流感应电动机，电源频率为50Hz，当转差率为0.02时，其转速为(B)A.1450r/minB.1470r/minC.735r/minD.2940r/min8.右图称(B)A.直流伺服电动机调节特性B.直流伺服电动机机械特性C.直流伺服电动机动态特性D.直流伺服电动机调速特性9.计算步进电动机转
3、速的公式为(C )A. B.Tsmcos C. D. 180- 10.一般说来，如果增大幅值穿越频率c的数值，则动态性能指标中的调整时间ts(B)A.增大B.减小 C.不变 D.不定11.已知f(t)=a+bt，则它的拉氏变换式为(B)A. +b B. C. D. 12.连续路径控制类中为了控制工具沿任意直线或曲线运动，必须同时控制每一个轴的(C)使得它们同步协调到达目标点。A.位置和加速度 B.速度和加速度C.位置和速度 D.位置和方向13.图示利用继电器触点实现的逻辑函数为(A )A.(A+ )( +B)B.A + BC.(A+B)( + )D.AB+ 14.累计式定时器工作时有(B)A.
4、1个条件 B.2个条件C.3个条件 D.4个条件二、名词解释题(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)15.机电一体化 机械与电子的集成技术。16.轴系的动特性 指轴系抵抗冲击、振动、噪声的特性。17.灵敏度(测量) 输出变化量与对应的输入(被测量)变化量的比值。有时称为增量增益或标度因子。18.永磁同步电动机 以电子换向取代了传统直流电动机的电刷换向，又称无刷电动机。19.复合控制器 在反馈控制器的基础上附加一个前馈控制器，二者的组合称为复合控制器。它的作用是使系统能以零稳定误差跟踪已知的输入信号。三、简答题(本大题共4小题，每小题4分，共16分)20.机电一体化系统设计指标大体上应包括哪些
5、方面?应包括系统功能、性能指标、使用条件、经济效益。21.步进电动机常用的驱动电路有哪几种类型?其中哪种电路适于永磁式步进电动机?主要有：单极性驱动电路、双极性驱动电路、高低压驱动电路、斩波驱动电路、细分电路。其中双极性驱动电路适于永磁式步进电动机。22.步进电动机数控系统和参考脉冲伺服系统的输入信号是什么?输出轴的转速、转向、位置各自与哪些因素有关?(1)参考脉冲序列。 转速与参考脉冲频率成正比。 (2)输出轴 转向由转向电平决定。 位置由参考脉冲数决定。23.什么是PLC的扫描工作制? PLC的扫描工作制，即检测输入变量、求解当前控制逻辑以及修正输出指令。重复进行。四、计算题(本大题共4小
6、题，每小题5分，共20分)24.已知双波谐波齿轮的柔轮齿数Z1=200, 刚轮齿数Z2=202，波发生器的转速nH=600r/min。如图 试求：(1)刚轮固定时柔轮的转速n1; (2)柔轮固定时刚轮的转速n2。（1）刚轮固定时： n1=- （2）柔轮固定时 25.已知某一线性电位器的测量位移原理如图所示。若电位器的总电阻R=2k，电刷位移为X时的相应电阻Rx=1k，电位器的工作电压Vi=12V,负载电阻为RL。(1)已测得输出电压Vo=5.8V,求RL。(2)试计算此时的测量误差。V0= (1) 当V01=5.8时，5.8= 5.8= ()空载时 设测量出5.8输出电压时的测量误差 则 26
7、.某二阶系统如图所示(1)求系统对r(t)阶跃响应的最大超调量%和调节时间ts。(2) 求r(t)=1+t,n(t)=0.1共同作用下的稳态误差ess。(1)求 ts= (2)求ess 二阶系统ai0闭环稳定 R(s)= Ess= 27.三相变磁阻式步进电动机，转子80个齿。(1)要求电动机转速为60r/min,单双拍制通电，输入脉冲频率为多少?(2)要求电动机转速为100r/min，单拍制通电，输入脉冲频率为多少?(1) 即 （2） 单拍制 即： f= 五、简单应用题(本大题共4小题，每小题6分，共24分)28.已知一阶低通有源滤波器电路如图所示。要求：(1)一阶低通滤波器现存在什么弱点?(
8、2)将其改进为二阶低通滤波器，画出电路图；(3)画出二阶低通的幅频特性示意图。1）一阶低通滤波器存在过渡区域衰减缓慢的弱点。 2）二阶低通有源滤波器电路图(3)低通滤波幅频率特性示意图。29.三相交流感应电动机，电源频率50Hz，空载转速为1450r/min。(1)该电动机为几极，空载转差率是多少?(2)堵转时定子、转子绕组电势频率各为多少?(3)空载时，定子、转子绕组电势频率各为多少?1） 即该电动机为四级 空载时转差率为：S= （2）堵转时：S定子绕组电势频率f1=50Hz,转子绕组电势频率f2=Sf1=50Hz(3) 空载时：定子绕阻电势频率f150Hz,转子绕组电势频率：f2= 30.
9、二阶系统结构图如图所示。设K1=0.1, K2=10,T1=0.5s(1)求系统对r(t)的阶跃响应的最大超调量%及调节时间ts(取=5%);(2)求系统增益Ks及伺服刚度KR;(3)求r(t)=1+t及n(t)=0.1共同作用下系统的稳态误差ess。(1)G(s)= 1型v= p= (2)性能指标 ts= (3)系统增益与伺服刚度 Ks=Kv=K1K2=1， KR=K1=0.1 （4） essr= essn=- 31.考虑x-y平面上的直线运动路径，源点坐标(5，-2)，终点坐标为(1，-1)。设两轴最大加速度限制：xmax=ymax=2。试设计三次多项式样条函数点位控制指令。 六、综合应用
10、题(本大题2小题，每小题8分，共16分)32.某控制系统结构图如图所示，图中GC(s)=Kp(1+Tds),Gp(s)= = (1) 确定Kp和Td的值，以使系统性能同时满足： 在单位抛物线(恒加速度)函数作用下的稳态误差essa0.2，幅值穿越(截止)频率c=5 (2) 计算系统在上述取值条件下的相位裕量 m。开环传函G(s)=Gc(s)Gp(s)= (2)确定Kp和Td由essa= 取Kp=2.5 在 1+25T (3)相应的 33.采用PLC设计二台电动机A、B工作的系统。（1） 按钮X1为A电动机起动，按钮X2为A电动机停止（输出Y1）；（2） 按钮X3为B电动机起动，按钮X4为B电动
11、机停止（输出Y2）；（3） 只有A电动机在工作中，B电动机才能工作。 要求：画出梯形图，写出助记符指令程序。(1)梯形图：（）助记符指令程序： STR X1 OR Y1 AND NOT X2 OUT Y1 STR X3 OR Y2 AND NOT X4 AND Y1If we dont do that it will go on and go on. We have to stop it; we need the courage to do it.His comments came hours after Fifa vice-president Jeffrey Webb - also in L
12、ondon for the FAs celebrations - said he wanted to meet Ivory Coast international Toure to discuss his complaint.CSKA general director Roman Babaev says the matter has been exaggerated by the Ivorian and the British media.Blatter, 77, said: It has been decided by the Fifa congress that it is a nonse
13、nse for racism to be dealt with with fines. You can always find money from somebody to pay them.It is a nonsense to have matches played without spectators because it is against the spirit of football and against the visiting team. It is all nonsense.We can do something better to fight racism and dis
14、crimination.This is one of the villains we have today in our game. But it is only with harsh sanctions that racism and discrimination can be washed out of football.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Asso
15、ciations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience wa
16、s.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Tou
17、res complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to
18、 be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 mile
19、s/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 f
20、eet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into
21、 the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dens
22、e air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute a
23、t an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there