北京市石景山区2019届高三一模英语试卷附答案解析.pdf

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1、1 2019 年石景山区高三统一测试 英语试题 本试卷共 12 页，120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作 答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一卷 第一部分知识运用 ( 共两节， 45 分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。 ( 共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正 确形式填空。 A Once I was playing in the woods when the sky started to turn dark and the win

2、d started to blow. I saw a big black cloud _1_(move) towards me. Suddenly, I felt the rain hitting my face! Actually, it was pouring! Then I saw lightning in the sky. And later, BOOM! A loud clap of thunder! Then I saw a little old hut and ran inside. It smelled awful and the walls were shaking, but

3、 it was _2_(good) than nothing! Outside, the wind was howling and things were flying around. I just stood in the corner, cold and scared. _3_(lucky) my dad came and found me. I was safe! 【答案】 1. moving 2. better 3. Luckily 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者有一次在树林里玩的时候，遭遇了恶劣的天气状况，作者看到一间又小又 旧的茅屋，就跑了进去，站在角落里，又冷又害怕，这

4、时作者的父亲找到了作者。 【1 题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：我看见一片大黑云向我飘来。分析句子可知，本句涉及see sb doing sth“看到某人正 在做某事”的用法，在本句中cloud 与 moving 在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填 moving . 【2 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：小屋气味很难闻，它的墙壁在摇晃，但总比什么都没有好。由“than”可知，应 用 good 的比较级better。故填 better . 2 【3 题详解】 考查副词。 句意： 幸运的是， 我爸爸来了， 找到了我。 Luckily 为副词置于句首，修饰整个句子。 故填 Luck

5、ily. B Li Bai was a Chinese poet praised from his own day to the present as a romantic figure _4_took traditional poetic forms to new heights. Thirty-four of his poems are included in Three Hundred Tang Poems._5_(he) early poetry took place in the “ golden age” of Tang dynasty. This all changed sudd

6、enly when all of northern China _6_(destroy) by war. Fortunately, many of his poems _7_(survive) ever since, enjoying lasting popularity in China and elsewhere. 【答案】 4. who 5. His 6. was destroyed 7. have survived 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了李白在诗歌创作方面所取得的成就。 【4 题详解】 考查关系代词。句意：李白是一位中国诗人，从他的时代到现在他都被誉为一个浪漫的人物，他把

7、传统的诗 歌形式推向了新的高度。分析句子可知， figure 为先行词， 在后面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系代词为who。 故填 who . 【5 题详解】 考查代词。句意：他早期的诗歌创作于唐朝的“黄金时代”。poetry 为名词，应用形容词性物主代词his 来修 饰。故填His. 【6 题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：当中国整个北方遭受战争的蹂躏时，这一切突然发生了变化。分析句子 可知，本句为一般过去时，主语all of northern China 与谓语destroy 为被动，所以用一般过去时的被动语态 was destroyed。故填 was destroyed . 【7

8、题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：幸运的是，此后他的许多诗歌流传了下来，在中国和其他地方一直广受欢迎。ever since 在本句中为副词“此后”，出现在句中时，句子为现在完成时。本句的主语为many of his poems ，所以 谓语为 have survived。故填 have survived. C The Chinese Lunar(月球 ) Exploration Program is designed to be conducted in three stages: The first is simply reaching lunar orbit( 轨道 ), a task _8

9、_(complete) by Chang?e 1 in 2007 and Chang?e 2 in 2010. The second is 3 _9_(land) on the Moon, as Chang?e 3 did in 2013 and Chang?e 4 in 2019. The third one is collecting lunar samples and sending them to Earth, a task for the future Chang?e 5 and Chang?e 6 missions. It _10_(be) China?s first sample

10、 return mission in December 2019. 【答案】 8. completed 9. landing 10. will be/ is going to be 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国探月工程的三个阶段。 【8 题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：第一个阶段是到达月球轨道，这是嫦娥一号在2007 年和嫦娥二号在2010 年完成的一 项任务。分析句子可知，a task与 complete 在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填completed. 【9 题详解】 考查动名词。句意：第二个阶段是登陆月球，嫦娥三号在2013 年登陆，嫦娥四号在2019 年登陆。分析

11、句子 结构可知，本句为主系表结构。landing 为动名词作表语。故填landing . 【10 题详解】 考查一般将来时。 句意：嫦娥六号将在2019 年 12 月执行中国的第一次采样返回任务。由“ in December 2019” 可知，句子为一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will be/ is going to be 。故填will be/ is going to be. 第二节 完形填空 ( 共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分) 阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Did The Earth Mov

12、e For You? Eleven-year-old Angela suffered from a disease involving her nervous system. She was unable to_11_and her movement was restricted in other ways as well. The doctors did not hold out much _12_of her ever recovering from this illness. They _13_ she?d spen d the rest of her life in a wheelch

13、air. They said that _14_, if any, were able to come back to normal after catching this disease. But the little girl was brave and confident. There, lying in her hospital bed, she would _15_ to anyone who?d listen t hat she was definitely going to be walking again someday. She was then sent to a spec

14、ialized rehabilitation hospital in the San Francisco Bay area. Whatever therapies(治疗方法 ) could be _16_ to her case were used. Things didn?t work as the therapists expected. Still they were charmed by her _17_spirit. They taught her about _18_ about seeing herself walking. If it would do nothing else

15、, it would _19_give her hope and something _20_to do in the long waking hours in her bed. Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy, in whirlpools and in exercise sessions. And she worked just as hard lying there _21_doing her imaging, visualizing herself moving, 4 moving, moving! On

16、e day, as she was twisting with all her _22_to imagine her legs moving again, it seemed as though a _23_thing happened: The bed moved! It began to move around the room! She _24_ out, “ Look what I?m doing! Look! Look! I _25_it! I moved!” Of course, at this very moment everyone else in the hospital w

17、as screaming, too, and running for _26_. People were screaming, equipment was _27_and glass was breaking. You see, it was the recent San Francisco earthquake. But don?t tell that to Angela. She?s _28_that she did it. And now only a few years later, she?s back in school. _29_her own two legs. No crut

18、ches( 拐杖 ), no wheelchair. You see, anyone who can shake the earth between San Francisco and Oakland can conquer a little disease. You never know what?s around the corner until you take a _30_step. 11. A. hear B. speak C. walk D. see 12. A. pride B. hope C. regret D. pity 13. A. predicted B. forgot

19、C. denied D. promised 14. A. some B. few C. many D. all 15. A. apologize B. appeal C. refer D. swear 16. A. applied B. appointed C. compared D. explained 17. A. competitive B. independent C. sensitive D. undefeatable 18. A. concentrating B. summarizing C. picturing D. sorting 19. A. in advance B. fo

20、r some reason C. on the contrary D. at least 20. A. positive B. attractive C. familiar D. boring 21. A. gratefully B. faithfully C. hopelessly D. royally 22. A. might B. interest C. fame D. need 23. A. normal B. magical C. funny D. simple 24. A. found B. screamed C. turned D. counted 25. A. understo

21、od B. refused C. mad D. decided 26. A. cover B. comfort C. freedom D. office 27. A. exploding B. working C. self-repairing D. falling 28. A. persuaded B. ashamed C. convinced D. worried 29. A. By B. With C. On D. For 30. A. cautious B. reasonable C. final D. further 5 【答案】 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15

22、. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. D 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃， 一次意想不到的地震让她觉得是她自己的腿能动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真的靠自己的双腿重新走进 了学校。短文告诉读者不尝试，不努力，永远不知到自己是否能成功。 【11 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. hear 听； B. speak 说； C. walk 走； D. see 看。句意：她不能走路，她的行动在

23、其他方面也 受到限制。由“her movement was restricted in other ways as well ”可知，她的行动在其他方面也受到限制，所 以判断出她不能走。故C 选项切题。 【12 题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. pride 自豪； B. hope 希望； C. regret 后悔； D. pity 同情。句意：医生们对她从这种疾病中康 复不抱太大希望。由“shed spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair ”可知，她将在轮椅上度过余生。所以医 生们对她从这种疾病中康复不抱太大希望。故B 选项切题。 【13 题详解】 考查

24、动词辨析。A. predicted 预测； B. forgot 忘记； C. denied 否认； D. promised 承诺。句意：他们预料她 将在轮椅上度过余生。医生根据病人所得的病以及病状，会对病人的病情进行预测。故A 选项切题。 【14 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。A. some 一些； B. few 很少几个人； C. many 很多人； D. all 全部。句意：他们说，如果有的 话，也很少有人能在感染这种疾病后恢复正常。few 表示否定 ,用来说明感染这种疾病后恢复正常的人寥寥无 几。故 B 选项切题。 【15 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. apologize 道歉； B. ap

25、peal 吸引； C. refer 参考； D. swear发誓；句意：她躺在医院的病床上， 向每一个愿意聆听她说话的人保证，总有一天她会重新站起来。由“ she was definitely going to be walking again someday.”可知，总有一天她会重新站起来。这句话是她向每一个愿意聆听她说话的人保证的内容。所以 swear to sb“向某人发誓”符合句意。故D 选项切题。 【16 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. applied 应用； B. appointed 任命； C. compared 对比； D. explained 解释。句意：无论什么样 的治疗方法

26、都应用在了她的身上。治疗方法一定使用在病人身上。be applied to “被应用于 .”符合句意。故 A 选项切题。 【17 题详解】 6 考查形容词辨析。A. competitive 有竞争力的； B. independent 独立的； C.sensitive 敏感的； D. undefeatable 不可 战胜的。句意：他们仍然还是被她那不屈不挠的精神打动了。由still 可知，治疗效果并不像治疗师们所期望 的那样好，但他们仍然还是被她那不屈不挠的精神打动了。故D 选项切题。 【18 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. concentrating 集中； B. summarizing 总结；

27、 C. picturing 想象； D. sorting 分类。句意：他们 教她想象教她看着自己走路。下文imaging 和 visualizing 与 picturing 为同义词。因为安吉拉只是一个11 岁的孩子，医生为了给她希望，所以教她想象自己的腿能动，所以她才会躺在病床上想象着自己的腿能动。 故 C 选项切题。 【19 题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。A. in advance 提前； B. for some reason出于某种原因；C. on the contrary相反地； D. at least 至少。句意：如果它不起作用的话，也可以让她在躺在病床上的漫长醒着的时间里做些积极的事

28、情。由前文 可知，所有的治疗方法对她来说，效果都不是很好，所以治疗专家教了一些她所能做的事情。所以 at least“至 少”表示治疗专家所教给她的东西，能起到的最低效果。故D 选项切题。 【20 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。A. positive 积极的； B. attractive 吸引人的； C. familiar 熟悉的； D. boring 令人厌烦的。句意： 如果它不起作用的话，它至少会给她希望，让她在躺在病床上的漫长醒着的时间里做些积极的事情。由上下 文可知，治疗专家教她想象，教她看自己走路。她也是这样做的，每天都坚定地努力着。所以她做的是一些 积极的事情。故A 选项切题。 【21

29、 题详解】 考查副词辨析。A. gratefully 感激地； B. faithfully 忠实地； C. hopelessly无望地； D. royally 盛大地。句意：每 天安吉拉都躺在那里坚定地努力着，想象自己在动， 在动， 在动 !。由上文可知， 安吉拉是个不屈不挠的孩子， 所以安吉拉为恢复健康一直在坚定地努力着。故B 选项切题。 【22 题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. might 力量； B. interest 兴趣； C. fame 名誉； D. need 需要。句意：一天，当她竭尽全力扭 动身体想象自己的腿能再次移动时，似乎发生了一件神奇的事情：床移动了！因为她想象自己的腿能再次

30、移 动，所以用尽全力来扭动身体。希望自己的腿真的可以动起来。故A 选项切题。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。A. normal 正常的； B. magical 神奇的； C. funny 滑稽的； D. simple 简单的。句意：一天，当 她竭尽全力想象自己的腿能再次移动时，似乎发生了一件神奇的事情:床移动了！由“The bed moved”可知， 床移动了。不可能移动的床移动了，所以几乎发生了一件神奇的事情。故B 选项切题。 【24 题详解】 7 考查动词辨析。A. found 发现； B. screamed 尖叫； C. turned 转向； D. counted 计算。句意：她尖叫

31、起来:“看 我在做什么 !”看 !看!我成功了 !我动了 !”。由“ Look what I m doing! Look! Look!. ”可知，安吉拉尖叫了起 来表示安吉拉既兴奋又惊讶。故B 选项切题。 【25 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. understood 理解； B. refused 拒绝； C. made制作； D. decided 决定。句意：我成功了!。作者 觉得自己的努力，终于有了回报，终于动了起来。make it “成功”符合句意。故C 选项切题。 【26 题详解】 考查名词辨析。A. cover 掩蔽物； B. comfort 安慰； C. freedom 自由； D.

32、office 办公室。句意：当然，就在这 个时候，医院里的其他人也都在尖叫，四处跑着寻找掩蔽物。由下文可知，发生了地震，所以人的正常反应 就是要寻找掩蔽物。故A 选项切题。 【27 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. exploding 爆炸； B. working 工作； C. self-repairing 自我修复； D. falling 落下。句意：人们 在尖叫，设备在坠落，玻璃在破碎。地震时，所有的东西都会掉落。故D 选项切题。 【28 题详解】 考查动词辨析。A. persuaded 被说服的； B. ashamed惭愧的； C. convinced 确信的； D. worried 担忧的

33、。句意： 她确信她成功了。安吉拉不知道发生了地震。所以，她确信她终于成功了。故C 选项切题。 【29 题详解】 考查介词辨析。A. By 通过； B. With 和； C. On 靠； D. For 对于。句意：靠自己的两条腿。安吉拉重新返回来 学校，不是靠拐杖，也不是靠轮椅，而是靠着自己的两条腿，说明安吉拉真地站了起来。所以on“靠，凭” 符合句意。故C 选项切题。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词辨析。A. cautious 谨慎的； B. reasonable 合理的； C. final 最后的； D. further 较远的。句意：在你 迈出下一步之前，你永远不知道要发生什么事情。本句为短

34、文的升华部分，告诉读者不尝试，不努力，永远 不知到自己是否能成功。所以further“较远的”符合句意。故D 选项切题。 第二部分阅读理解（共两节， 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A Canterbury College COURSE A 8 This course will enable students to experience performing arts and the media at a basic level. It will give th

35、em the experience to decide if they wish to develop an interest in this field and to train their potential and adaptability for working in a performance company in either a performing or a technical role. COURSE B The aim of this course is to provide a series of training in business-related skills a

36、nd a comprehensive knowledge of business practice. It is for students with a business learning experience who can manage a heavy workload. COURSE C This course gives a foundation for a career in caring for children, the elderly or people with special needs. Core units are Emergency Treatment, Commun

37、ication and Information Technology. Practical training is an important part of the course. COURSE D This course is designed to provide an introduction to the construction industry. Units covered include Heat, Light and Sound, Introduction to the Urban Environment, Communication Processes and Techniq

38、ues. All students will complete vocational assignments with work experience in the big companies. COURSE E The qualifications gained and the skills developed on this course will provide a good basis for gaining employment in office work. In addition to word processing, the course also covers spreads

39、heets, computerized accounting, databases and desktop publishing. All students are given chances to develop their confidence, and advice and information is given on job search skills, presentation techniques and personal appearance. COURSE F This course is designed to provide a foundation in graphic

40、 and visual communication skills. Students complete units in picture composition and photographic processing alongside elements of graphic design, and gain hands-on experience of desktop publishing and presentations. 31. Suzan wants to be an actress, she can choose . A. Course AB. Course B C. Course

41、 DD. Course E 32. Course C is fit for the students who might . A. deal with the numbers B. work with the disabled C. run a business organization D. design and construct buildings 9 33. If David chooses Course F, he might be a student with the career interest in _. A. advertisingB. politics C. nursin

42、gD. management 34. Where can we probably find the passage? A. In a city guidebook.B. In a science journal. C. On a school website.D. From a news report. 【答案】 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了坎特伯雷学院所开设课程的相关信息。 【31 题详解】 细节理解题。由COURSE A 中的“ This course will enable students to experience p

43、erforming arts and the media at a basic level”可知，本课程为学生提供基本的演艺及传媒体验。所以苏珊娜想成为一名演员，她可以选择Course A。故 A 选项正确。 【32 题详解】 推理判断题。由COURSE C 中“ This course gives a foundation for a career in caring for children, the elderly or people with special needs”可知，这门课程为照顾儿童、老人或有特殊需要的人提供基本的职业生涯培训。残 疾人属于具有特殊需要的人群。所以判断出Co

44、urse C 适合为残疾人士服务的学生。故B 选项正确。 【33 题详解】 推理判断题。由COURSE F 中的“ This course is designed to provide a foundation in graphic and visual communication skills. Students complete units in picture composition and photographic processing alongside elements of graphic design, and gain hands-on experience of deskt

45、op publishing and presentations”可知，本课程旨在提供图 形和视觉沟通技巧的基础。学生在平面设计的基础上完成图片构图和摄影处理的单元，并获得桌面出版和演 示的实践经验。所以通过对Course F 的说明可知，F课程所涉及到的信息都与广告有关。故判断出如果大卫 选择 Course F，他可能是一个对广告有兴趣的学生。故A 选项正确。 【34 题详解】 推理判断题。 由“ Canterbury College， COURSE A ， COURSE B， COURSE C， COURSE D ， COURSE E， COURSE F”可知， 短文介绍了坎特伯雷学院所开设

46、课程的相关信息。既然是学校提供的课程。所以判断出我们可以在 学校的网站上找到这篇短文。故C 选项正确。 【点睛】根据事物的定义或者对事物总体的概括，从而判断出哪些具体事物或者具体的实践应该属于定义的 范围或者是概括的范围是我们经常见到的推理判断题的题型。要解决这样的判断题，首先要讲对事物的定义 10 或者对事物的总体概括要读清楚，然后根据对比4 个选项，哪个选项在定义或者概括范围内的。哪个就是正 确的答案。 由 COURSE C 中“ This course gives a foundation for a career in caring for children, the elderly

47、or people with special needs”可知，这门课程为照顾儿童、老人或有特殊需要的人提供基本的职业生涯培训。残疾人属于具有特殊 需要的人群。所以判断出Course C 适合为残疾人士服务的学生。故小题2 的正确选项为B 选项。 B The True Story of a Young Man When Reginald Lindsay received a scholarship to Morehouse College in Atlanta, Georgia in 1967, what he wanted most was not a job with a good sal

48、ary, but a chance to be a member of Congress as a southern representative. After earning his degree at Harvard Law School in 1970, he returned to the South to practice law among the poor. “ I want to help them understand what their rights are and to help them achieve them,” he said. Then he ran for

49、political office at the local and state level until he was ready to try for Congress. Reg grew up in a low-income Negro section of Birmingham, Alabama. Brought up by his grandparents after his parents were divorced while he was very young, Reg had been living through a period of far-reaching progress in race relations. In the summer of 1968 Reg himself became a good example of this progress when he became the first Negro student appointed to a spe