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1、用心爱心专心1 Unit 4 Unforgettable experiences 1against prep. （1 I will speak against anything I know to be wrong. Their whole life is a fight against poverty and unemployment. (2) A little piano stood against the wall. She pressed her face against the glass. The picture looks good against that light wall
2、. (3) 预防，防备，准备 , 时用 We are all taking medicine against the disease. (4)be against 反对 I knew she was against us. 违反，违背 It was against the law. 不利于 Almost everything was against him. The pine trees were black _ the morning sky. Ain B to C against Dunder 答案： C 2mass n. (1) There is a mass of stones in
3、the yard. (2) There was a mass of children in the hall. Ive masses of work to do. 3used to (1)used to do sth.过去常常 ,( 现在已不如此) 用心爱心专心2 We used to grow beautiful roses. 注意 : You usednt to make that mistake. She didnt use(d)to do it, did she? You used to smoke a pipe, didnt you?/ use(d)nt you? (2)be use
4、d to +n./ doing I have always been used to hard work. He became used to such a diet. Im not used to treating patients this way. Im not used to being treated like this. (3)be used to do This knife is used to cut bread. 表示“过去常常 , ”时,used to与 would (1)would只强调过去常常 ,used to The old woman would sit there
5、 for hours doing nothing. (2)would只接行为动词,used to There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain. I _ being treated like that. Adont used to Bdidnt used to Cam not used to Dused to 答案 :C 我不习惯于被人这样对待用be used to doing/ n. 4cut down (1) If you cut down all the trees you will ruin the land. (2) 减少
6、 , I have decided to cut down my smoking. 用心爱心专心3 (1)cut up 破碎 , 切碎 They cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood. (2)cut off 切断 , 停掉 Our water supply has been cut off again. 隔绝 , 挡住 The floods cut us off from our homes. 使电话中断 We were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation. (3)cut,
7、in/ into pieces 把, 切成碎片 The vegetables should be cut into small pieces and dropped into the boiling water. Is George trying to cut his weight_? Aoff Bdown Cup Dthrough 答案 : B cut down weight 5completely adv. The eighteenth century developed a completely new kind of novel. (1)complete adj.完整的 , Is th
8、is a complete story? When will the work on the new railway be complete? (2)complete v.完成 The workmen havent completed the house yet. (3)completion n.(不可数 ) 完成 , 结束 After the completion of the job the workman went home. 用心爱心专心4 complete 与 finish表 (1)complete 作及物动词 , 只接n.或pron. The railway is not comp
9、leted yet. (2)finish 不及物动词 I cant come till I have finished. 及物动词 , 接n.或 doing When did you finish your college course? I finished reading the book last night. 6strike (1) 打，敲 , 击 , 砍,打中 , 击中 He struck me with his fist. The house was struck by lightning. (2) 发起进攻 , 袭击 He moved away as the animal str
10、uck. (3) 撞 , 触( 礁) His head struck the table as he fell. (4) 擦 ( 火柴 ) I struck a match and held it to his cigarette. (5)( 某种想法法：)忽然出现 , 忽然想起 A happy thought struck her. (6) 给人深刻印象( 常用于被动语态) I was struck by her beauty. (7) 罢工 They are striking for higher pay. （8)( 钟)敲( 响) We waited for the clock to s
11、trike six. (1)hit 打, 敲 , 击,击中 , He hit a ball over the fence. 用心爱心专心5 The stone hit the window. 使, 受到打击 The bad news hit every one hard. (2)beat 连续有节奏地打, 敲 He was beating a drum. The rain beat against the window. ( 心) His heart had stopped beating. ( 鸟翼 ) The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew o
12、n. 打败 , 打赢 , Our champion can beat all runners in the country. The difficulty has beaten him. It was dark in the room so Robinson _ a match. Astruck Bburnt Cfired Dlit 答案 :A strike a match 划火柴 , lit是 light的过去式 . 可以说 light a fire点火 ,light a candle 7hand in 交上去 ( 给老师或上级 ), 交来 (hand v.) Each student ha
13、s to hand in a composition once a week. (1)hand down 传下来 , 传给 Our father handed down these customs to us. (2)hand,to,传给 They will hand the photograph to those who have not seen it. (3)hand out 发给大家 , 散发 The teacher handed out the books at the beginning of the lesson. 8seize vt. (1)( 突然 ) 用心爱心专心6 He
14、seized her hand and shook it heartily. (2) 夺取 ,攻占 , 没收 , 抓获 The soldiers seized the city. The weapons found in the house were seized by the police. (3)( 用于引申意义)抓住 ( 机会等 ), 理解 ( 意思 ) She was quick to seize the meaning of his words. Robert seized an opportunity to speak to him alone. (4)seize hold of
15、(突然 ) She seized hold of the child and pulled it back from the edge of the cliff. _ the enemy spy, soldiers returned to their station. ASeizing BSeized CHaving seized DHaving been seized 答案 :C 解答此题须综合运用分词知识,seize 是 the soldiers发出的动作 , 用现在分 词 ,又因为此题要体现出先抓住敌人, 然后返回的先后顺序, 9struggle (1) 挣扎 ,奋力 , 作努力 , 斗
16、争 They have struggled for years to free their country from the enemy. The people were struggling to get out of the burning house. (2) 挣扎着走 , 费力地走 The sick man struggled along the road to his home. (3)struggle against 和, 斗争, We had to struggle against strong winds all the way home. (4)struggle for Th
17、e poor had to struggle for a living. (5)struggle with 和, 斗争 He has been struggling with illness in his life. He struggled with the mad man till help came. 用心爱心专心7 The children struggled _ the heavy snow. Ato Bthrough Con Dpast 答案 :B 联系语境 , 费力地在大雪中走,through 10stand (1) 站着 ,站起来 stand on ones (own)feet
18、/ legs 依靠自己 , After his father died,John had to stand on his own feet and earn his own living. stand on ones head/ hands The beggar stood on his head and sang songs. (2) 在 ( 某处 ), 位于 (某处 ), A little piano stood against the wall. A village stands at the foot of the hill. (3) 忍受 ,经受 He could not stand
19、 that horrible English climate. There _ several pine trees on the side of the hill. Ais Blaid Cstands Dstand 答案 :D 解此题须综合运用There be 句型的知识。 There be 句型中 be 可用 lie, stand, sit, flow 等词 , 根据语境表示不同的意思, 此题中主语是several pine trees,是复数 , 应 使用 are 或 lie, stand等,laid是 lay 的过去式 , 表放置或产卵 , 11fear (1) 恐惧 (多作不可数名词
20、) They had no fear of Great Britain and France. 用心爱心专心8 His face was growing pale with fear. I couldnt move for fear. 忧虑 , 担心的事 ( 可数 ) There is no reason for your fears. for fear of 由于怕 , 以防 He left an hour early for fear of missing his train. for fear (that)惟恐 , 怕的是 , 以防 She worried for fear that t
21、he child would be hurt. in fear of 害怕 , 担心 The thief was in fear of the police. (2)v. 恐惧 , 害怕接n./pron. Cats fear big dogs. 恐惧 , 害怕，接 to do Dont fear to tell the truth. She feared that she might not find him in his room. They spoke in a low voice _ waking up the sleeping child. Afor fear of Bin case
22、Cfor fear that Dnot to 答案 :A 解此题须综合运用非谓语动词知识和连词知识。B 和 C 是连词 , 后接句子 ,D 是 不定式 , 接动词原形。for fear of 是介词短语 , 12fright n. (1) 惊吓 , 害怕 ( 不可数 ) She was filled with fright at the sight. (2) 一次惊吓 ( 可数 ) You gave me a fright by knocking so loudly at the door. (3)in fright 惊恐地 , 害怕地 用心爱心专心9 The child turned and
23、 ran in fright from the growling dog. (1)frighten vt. 吓住 , 使惊吓 He left his gun outside so as not to frighten his wife. (2)frightful adj.可怕的 It was a frightful storm. The boy was _ by the noise of the explosion. Aafraid Bnervous Cfearful Dfrightened 答案 : D be frightened by被, 吓着, afraid害怕的 , 常用 be afr
24、aid of,nervous 紧张的 ,fearful害怕的 , 常用 be fearful of 13must (1)must + 表状态的动词原形, The man over there must be his headteacher. (2)must + be + doing (行为动词 ), The boys must be reading in the classroom now. (3)must + have done, There must have been a quarrel between the couple. The boy must have read the boo
25、k. He must have stayed up late last night. 注意： must （1）对现在的推测,be(not)+ The man over there must be his headteacher,isnt he? The boy must be reading in the classroom now,isnt he? （2 句中有明确的表过去的时间状语，did/ was(were)(not)+ He must have stayed up late last night,didnt he? 句中没有明确的表过去的时间状语，have(has)(not)+ The
26、 boy must have read the book,hasnt he? 用心爱心专心10 must be doing与 must do 的区别 : must be doing He must be sleeping now. must do He must do his homework now. 1 主语宾语定语 指人who/that whom/that whose 指物which/that which/that whose 人和物that that whose 2 首先确定定语从句的先行词，然后把先行词带回到定语从句中，看其在定语从句中作 Where is the man_ was
27、here? 先行词是the man,把 the man带回到定语从句中，构成完整的句子the man was there, 句中 the man 作主语，且指人，故填who/that. 3 （1 （2）作宾语时，who可代替 whom. （3） whose Linda lives in the room whose window faces south. Do you know the girl whose mother is working in our school? 1that与 who (1) 先行词是anyone 和 those( 指人 ) 时，用 who Id like to ta
28、lk to anyone who speaks to me. 用心爱心专心11 (2) 当主语是以who 开头的疑问句时，用that Who is the girl that is sitting by the window? （3）先行词中既有人又有物时，用that 2that与 which (1) 用 that 先行词是指物的all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much, none There is still much that can be improved. 先行词被all, every, no, s
29、ome, any, little, much, neither Ive read all the books that were borrowed from the library. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the next Hamlet is the very book that I want to read again. Light blue is the best colour that suits her. The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan. Which of th
30、e books that had pictures was not worth reading? The people and things that he met were strange to him. (2) 用 which 先行词是指物的that或 those He found that which he was looking for. 1AIs this the film _ you talked about just now? BIs this film _ you talked about just now? Athat Bthe one Cwhen 用心爱心专心12 Dwhe
31、re 答案： AB 解此题时，首先还原成陈述句This is the film,This film is ,A句主 句成分完整，直接用引导词，B 2AHe is one of the students who _ good at English BHe is the one of the students who _ good at English Ais Bare Cbe Dto be 答案： BA A 句先行词是the students,从句的谓语用复数；B 句先行词是the one,即 从句修饰the one, 3AThe girl _ I think was honest fooled
32、 me BThe girl _ I think to be honest fooled me Awho Bwhom Cwhich Dfrom whom 答案： AB A 句 I think是插入语，去掉后，句子的成分完整，定语从句中缺主语。B 句 I think不是插入语， I think在定语从句中作主语和谓语，先行词the girl 带回从句 中作 think 4ACharles is a strange character _ dislikes parties BCharles has a fine character _ makes him easy to get along with Awho Bwhom Cwhich Din which 答案：AC A 句中 character意为“人， 人物”， 这个人不喜欢晚会。B 句中 character