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1、中考题型三阅读理解 纵观近五年河北中考，阅读理解题的内容丰富、新颖、贴近生活，包括科普知识、生活 常识、风土人情、名人轶事以及天文、地理等自然科学和文学、艺术等社会科学。其形式主 要以四选一形式体现。尤其是大部分的B 篇阅读理解多为图表型的分类阅读，同学们在复 习过程中可注重对这类阅读理解解题技巧的训练。 预计 2015 年河北中考的阅读材料的内容将更加丰富， 涉及生活的各个方面，考查的难 度适中。 20112014 年河北中考试题分析表 阅读理解 年份 体裁 叙事 生活 社会 文化 人物 传记 科普、 说明 广告、咨询、 建议 2011 A B，C 2012 A B，C 2013 A B，C
2、 2014 A B，C 1阅读全文 ，捕捉信息。阅读理解的主旨是要求考生仔细阅读全文，掌握其大意 ， 了 解作者的观点和写作意图以及故事的起因、时间、地点和结局。 2注意首句 ，抓住中心。俗话说“眼睛是心灵的窗户”，那么一篇文章的眼睛应是题 目，而中考阅读是不给文章题目的，这给考生快速了解全文的中心增加了难度。在这种情况 下，考生应特别注意首段或每一自然段的首句以及结尾句。这样一来就抓住了中心，为正确 答题打下了良好的基础。 3优选排除 ，确定答案。阅读理解题备选答案有三个是干扰项。我们可先排除语法、 词法上有明显错误的选项，再排除与短文内容不符的选项，剩下的就是应选答案了。在这个 过程中要仔
3、细鉴别，对比各选项的区别。 4复读全文 ，检查答案。 考生应把短文中考查的信息归纳一遍， 再次阅读 ，检查答案 ， 看看是否前后一致，是否符合逻辑推理。有错及时纠正。 【河北中考A 篇】 河北中考三篇阅读理解中，A 篇一般为记叙文。记叙文选材广泛，题目设计灵活。着重 考查学生对文章细节的理解能力和重点信息采集能力。其设题形式常包含以下四类： 1猜测词义题：考查学生根据生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，推断出词义。 2判断推理题： 主要考查学生通过理解文章，运用短文的逻辑关系、事件的发展进程、 作者的语气等 ，通过分析对比，总结归纳、推测判断等思维活动判断作者的身份、态度，预 测事件的结局 ，挖掘和理
4、解文章的深层含义，推导文章的隐含寓意。 3总结主旨题：考查学生对整篇短文或某段的主题、标题的归纳与把握。 4数据推算题：考查学生根据已知数据，经过推算得出新数据的能力，这类数据可能 包括年龄、时代、距离、高度、深度等。 【经典再现】 A1(2014，邯郸市二模 ) Sudha Chandran， a famous dancer from India，had to have her right leg cut after a car accident.She was also cut off on her career(事业 ) road. Though the accident brought
5、 her bright career to a stop，she didnt give up.In the painful months that followed ， Sudha met a doctor who developed a man- made leg for her.So strongly ， she wanted to go back to dance.Sudha believed in herself and she thought she could realize her dream. After every public recital(个人表演 )，she woul
6、d ask her dad about her performance. “You still have a long way to go” was the answer she used to get in return.In January 1984，Sudha made a historic comeback by giving a public recital in Bombay.She performed in such a great manner that it moved everyone to tears.That evening when she asked her dad
7、 the usual question ， he didnt say anything.He just touched her feet as a praise.Sudhas comeback was so moving that a film producer decided to make the story into a hit film. When someone asked Sudha how she had managed to dance again ，she said quite simply ， “YOU DONT NEED FEET TO DANCE.”Nothing is
8、 impossible in this world.If you have the will to win ，you can achieve anything. 1Sudha Chandran is an _B_ dancer. AEnglishBIndian CAustralian DAmerican 2Sudha thought she could depend on _C_ to make her dream come true. Athe doctor Bher father Cherself Da film producer 3What did Sudha do in January
9、 ，1984？_D_ AShe had a car accident. BShe met a doctor. C She left Bombay. DShe made a historic comeback. 4How did Sudhas father praise her ？_A_ ABy touching her feet. BBy watching her performance. CBy teaching her to dance. DBy making the story into a hit film. 5Whats Sudhas idea about success ？_D_
10、ABeing a disabled dancer. BBelieving in families and friends. CPracticing more. DHaving a strong will to win. A2(2014，石家庄长安区毕业考试) We know good manners are important.Today I am going to tell you something about manners in different countries.I think you already know that people in different countries
11、 usually have different ways of doing things.Something that is rude in one country may be quite polite in another.For example，in Britain you mustnt lift your bowl to your mouth when you are having liquid food.That is considered bad manners in Britain.But in Japan you neednt worry about making a nois
12、e when you drink something.It shows that you are enjoying it.In Britain we try not to put our hands on the table at all during a meal.In Mexico ， however，guests are expected to keep their hands on the table throughout a meal.In Arabic countries we must be careful with our hands.You see，in Arabic cou
13、ntries you mustnt eat with your left hand.This is considered to be very impolite.So ，what should you do if you visit a foreign country？Well， you neednt worry.You can ask the native people there to help you and you can just watch carefully and try to do what they do. 1In Arabic countries you must be
14、careful with your _D_ Afeet Bmouth Ceyes Dhands 2In Britain we try not to put our hands _C_ during a meal. Aon the desk Bin the bed Con the table Din the pocket 3Which of the following is true？_B_ AIn different countries ，the manners are the same. BDifferent manners in different countries. CGood man
15、ners are not important. DIn Arabic countries we mustnt be careful with our hands. 4Whats the meaning of the underlined word “ throughout”？ _B_ A穿过B贯穿C通过D横过 5The mainly idea of this passage is _A_ Amanners B habits Ctraffic Dlights A3(2014，滦南县一模 ) My teenage son Karl became withdrawn(孤僻的 ) after his
16、father died.As a single parent，I tried to do my best to talk to him.But the more I tried，the more he pulled away(疏远 )When his report card arrived during his junior year ， it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year.I considered he would never graduat
17、e.I sent him to the school adviser，and I even begged him.Nothing worked. One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and pleaded for help. “Please God， I cant do anything more for my son.Im at the end of my rope.Im giving the whole thing up to you.” I was at work when I got a phone cal
18、l.A man introduced himself as the headmaster. “ I want to talk to you about Karls absences. ”Before he could say another word ， I choked up and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger.“ I love my son but I just dont know what to do.Ive tried everyt
19、hing to get Karl to go back to school and nothing has worked.Its out of my hands.” For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line.The headmaster seriously said， “Thank you for your time ” ，and hung up. Karls next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades.Finally ， he even_ma
20、de_the_honor_roll( 上光荣榜 )In his fourth year ，I attended a parent - teacher meeting with Karl.I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way(自始至终 ) he had turned himself around.On our way home， he said，“Mum ， remember that call from the headmaster last year？” I nodded.“That was me.I thought I
21、d play a joke but when I heard what you said，it really hit me how much I was hurting you.Thats when I knew I had to make you proud.” 1By saying “ Karl became withdrawn”， the author means that the boy changed completely and _C_ Apreferred to stay alone at home Blost interest in any activity Crefused
22、to talk to others Dbegan to dislike his mother 2There was silence on the other end of the line because _A_ Athe speaker was too moved to say anything to the mother Bthe speaker waited for the mother to finish speaking Cthe speaker didnt want the mother to recognize his voice Dthe speaker was unable
23、to interrupt the mother 3The underlined sentence “ .he even made the honor roll ” means that “_D_” Ahe was even on the list to be praised at the parent- teacher meeting Bhe was even on the list of students who made progress in grades Che was even on the list of students who turned themselves around
24、Dhe was even on the list of the best students at school 4What is the main idea of this passage？ _B_ AChildren in single - parent families often have mental problems. BMothers love plays an important role in teenagers life. CBeing understood by parents is very important to teenagers. DSchool educatio
25、n doesnt work without full support from parents. 5The best title of the passage is _D_ AA withdrawn student BHow to get on with a teenager CA student who turned himself around DA joking phone call A4(2014，武汉 ) I never saw my father home from work late or ill, nor did I ever see my father take a “nig
26、ht out with the boys ”. He had no hobbies but just took care of his family. For 22 years, since I left home for college, my father called me every Sunday at 9 ：00 am. He was always interested in my life how my family was doing. The calls even came when he and my mother were in Australia, England or
27、Florida. Nine years ago when I bought me first house, my father, 67 years old, spent eight hours a day for three days, painting my house. He would not allow me to pay someone to have it done. All he asked, was a glass of iced tea, and that I hold a paintbrush for him and talk to him. But I was too b
28、usy, for I had a law practice to run, and I could not take the time to hold the paintbrush, or talk to my father. Five years ago, my 71 - year- old father spent five hours putting together a swing set(秋千 )for my daughter. Again, all he asked was that I get him a glass of iced tea, and talk to him. B
29、ut again, I had laundry to do, and the house to clean. The morning on Sunday, January 16, 1996, my father telephoned me as usual, this time he had seemed to have forgotten some things we had discussed the week before. I had to get to church, and I cut the conversation short. The call came at 4： 40 a
30、m. That day my father was sent to hospital in Florida. I got on a plane immediately, and I vowed( 发誓 )that when I arrived, I would make up for the lost time, and have a nice long talk with him and really get_to_know_him I arrived in Florida at 1 ：00 am, but my father had passed away at 9：12 pm. This
31、 time it was he who did not have time to talk, or time to wait for me. In the years since his death I have learnt much about my father, and even more about myself.As a father ，he never asked me for anything but my time.Now he has all my attention, every single day. 1We know from the reading that the
32、 father _D_ Aliked to paint houses Bhad no friends around him Cwas not healthy in his youth Dthought of his family as his all 2When her father painted her first house, the daughter _B_ Acould only afford a glass of iced tea Bwas too busy to talk to her father Ccould do nothing but hold a paintbrush
33、Dspent eight hours a day working with her father 3On January 16, 1996, the daughter felt that her father _A_ Aseemed to be a little different Bhad no time to phone her as usual Cbecame interested in church Dhad forgotten to discuss some things with her 4In the reading the underlined phrase get to kn
34、ow him most probably means _B_ Aget him to know her Bknow more about him Cget him to know himself Dmake him well - known 5Which is the best title of the reading ？_C_ APainting Houses BDaughters Family CFather and I DFathers phone calls A5(2014，保定市定兴县一模) “How are you？” is a nice question.Its friendly
35、 way that people in the USA greet each other.But “How are you？” is also a very unusual question.Its a question that often doesnt need an answer.The person who asks “How are you ？” hopes to hear the answer “ Fine ”，even if the persons friend isnt fine.The reason is that “How are you？” isnt really a q
36、uestion and “ Fine ” isnt really an answer.They are simply other ways of saying “ Hello ” or “ Hi ” Sometimes，people also dont say exactly what they mean.For example ，when someone asks “Do you agree？” the other person might think ， “ No，I disagree.I think youre wrong. ”But it isnt very polite to dis
37、agree so strongly ，so the other person might say“ Im not sure.” Its a nicer way to say that you dont agree with someone. People also dont say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking with other people.For example，many talks over the phone finish when one person say “ I have to go now.
38、 ” Often ，the person who wants to hang up gives an excuse， “Someones at the door.” “Something is burning on the stove. ” The excuses might be real，or not.Perhaps the person who wants to hang up simply doesnt want to talk any more ， but it isnt polite to say that.The excuse is more polite ，and it doe
39、snt hurt the other person. Whether they are greeting each other，talking about an idea ，or finishing a talk ，people dont say exactly that they are thinking.Its an important way that people try to be nice to each other， and its part of the game of language. 1When a person in America asks“How are you？”
40、 ，he or she wants to hear “_D_” AHow are you B Hello CI dont know DFine 2When a person disagree with someone，it is polite to say “_B_” AYou are wrong.I disagree BIm not sure CIm sure I disagree DNo，I disagree 3A polite way to finish talk is to say “ _ C_” AYou have to go nowBI want to hang up CI hav
41、e to go now DI dont want to talk any more 4When a person says “ I have to go now.Someones at the door.”，the person may be _A_ Agiving an excuse Bhurting someones feeling Ctalking to a person at the door Dasking you a question 5The rule of the game of language is probably _D_ A “Always say what you m
42、ean ” B “Dont disagree with people ” C “Never say exactly what youre thinking ” D “Be polite” A6(2014，德州 ) Min Sun ，with another name of Ziqian ，was a famous man in the state of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period.He was a student of Confucius.Among all students of Confucius， he was compared with
43、 Yan Yuan.Min Suns mother died very early.Later his father took another wife， who gave birth two sons.The stepmother mistreated Min Sun in winter， while two younger brothers wore warm clothes made of cotton.Min Sun only wore clothes made of reed catkins(芦 花) One day， he followed his father to go out
44、.When pulling the chariot(马车 )，Min Sun felt so cold that he dropped the rope onto the ground.Then his father beat him.Just then the reed catkins flew out from the broken clothes and his father knew that Min Sun was mistreated.He was very angry. After the father returned home，he wanted to divorce(休掉
45、) his wife.Min Sun fell on his knees and begged his father to forgive his stepmother.He said ， “ If Mother stays at home ，only I myself have to stand cold.But if you divorce Mother， all three children have to suffer from cold.” His father was deeply moved and took Min Suns advice.The stepmother hear
46、d of this，felt sorry and knew her mistakes.From then on ，she treated Min Sun as her own son. 1How many children were there in Min Suns family？_C_ AOne. BTwo. CThree. DFour. 2The underlined word “ mistreated” in the passage means“ _ C_” A对待B款待C虐待D善待 3Why was Min Suns father still angry after beating
47、him？_D_ ABecause Min Sun went out with him. BBecause Min Sun felt very cold. CBecause Min Sun dropped the rope. DBecause Min Sun was mistreated. 4Which of the following is right？_B_ AMin Sun was not as excellent as Yan Yuan. BMin Suns father forgave his wife. CMin Suns father divorced his wife. DMin
48、 Suns stepmother was always kind. 5According to the story.Min Sun is a _A_person. Afilial( 孝顺的 ) Blovely Csmart Dbrave A7(2014，邢台市一模 ) Lani was eight years old and shorter than her elder brother Ringo.Ringo always laughed at her because she was little.He called her names like “ shorty” and “ inch ” One day in August，Lani and Ringo walked home from the playground.It was very hot.When they got to their house ，they saw Mom sitting on the front porch.She had a bag of groceries(食品 杂货 ) “Were locked out， kids！”Mom explained ， “I locked my keys in the house when I w