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1、牛津版本 8B Unit 1. Words.1. fighter 斗士；战士 e.g. She wont give up easily; shes a real fighter. 她不会轻易放弃的，她是一个真正的斗土。 Doctors and nurses are disease fighters. They always fight against all kinds of diseases. 医生和护土是与疾病斗争的战土。他们总是和各种疾病作斗争。 When the police came, the fighters ran away. 警察到来时，斗殴的人溜走了。【知识拓展】 fight
2、 n. 打架，战斗，斗志e. g. The two boys had a fight. 两个男孩打了一架。fight v. (fought; fought)（常与against，with连用）打仗；战斗e. g. People often have to fight with the enemy. 人们往往不得不抗击敌人。2. suppose v. 推想，假设e.g. Scientists supposed that large dinosaurs lived in swamps. 科学家们猜想大型恐龙栖居于沼泽地中。 Suppose your father saw you now, what
3、 would you say? 假设你父亲现在看到了你，你该怎么说？3. pure adj. 纯的，纯粹的，纯净的e.g. The water in mountain rivers is usually pure. 流经山间的河水通常是纯净的。 She speaks pure French. 她讲一口纯正的法语。4. natural adj.自然的，自然界的e.g. It is natural for a cat to catch mice. 猫捉老鼠是本能。 Fire is one of the natural elements in nature. 火是自然界中的自然元素之一。【知识拓展】
4、 nature n. 自然，自然界，大自然e.g. This phenomenon is unique in nature. 这种现象在整个自然界是罕见的。5. gas n. 气体e.g. There are several kinds of gas in the air, with nitrogen amounting to the most part. 空气中有好几种气体，氮所占的比重最大。6. release v. 释放，解放e. g. I released the horse and it ran away. 我放了这匹马，让它跑了。 Four prisoners were relea
5、sed. 四名犯人被释放了。【知识拓展】 release n. 释放；解脱e.g. She can expect an early release from prison. 她有望早一点儿出狱。7. chemical n. 化学物质，药品e.g. The farmers use chemicals to kill the insects in the fields. 农民用化学药品来杀死地里的害虫。【知识拓展】 chemical adj. 化学的 chemistry n. 化学 chemist n. 化学家，药剂师8. nasty adj. 令人厌恶的，令人不悦的e.g. Theres a n
6、asty smell coming from that sewer. 下水道里发出一股很恶心的味道。 Dont be so nasty! 不要发脾气啦！9. communicate v. 沟通，通信e.g. My net-pal and I communrcate with each other on the Internet. 我和我的网友通过网络保持联系。 The Minister for Foreign Affairs has already communicated on this event with the American President. 外交部长已经跟美国总统就此事件交换
7、过意见了。 This room communicates with the other room. 这个房间与那个房间相通。10. hardly adv. 刚刚，几乎不e.g. I could hardly understand the theory. 我几乎不能理解这个理论。 We had hardly begun when it began to rain. 我们刚一举步就下起雨来了。 It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑，我几乎什么也着不见。 It hardly snows here in winter. 这里的冬天几乎不下雪。【知识拓
8、展】 hard adj. 坚固的，困难的 adv.努力地，剧烈地e.g. She found it hard to make up her mind. 她发觉很难下决心。 It was raining hard last night. 昨晚雨下得很大。11. warn v. 警告【常用搭配】 warn somebody about something警告某人某事e.g. warn somebody not to do something 警告某人不要做某事 The government warned the people about the coming typhoon. 政府警告人民台风将要
9、来袭。 I must warn you not to go out. There is a storm. 我必须警告你不要出门，外面暴风骤雨。【知识拓展】 warning n. 提醒；警告e.g. Because of her warning, I was careful. 由于她的提醒，我很小心。单词扩展速背：destroy v. 破坏；毁坏destruction n.毁坏；毁灭fighter n. 战士fight v. /n. 战斗，打架 product n. 农产品production n.产品（工业方面）producer n.制片人， 制作者produce v.生产noise n. 喧
10、闹声， 嘈杂声，噪声noisy adj. 吵闹的； 喧闹的； 嘈杂的noisily adv. 吵闹地fact n. 事实factor n.因素breathe v. 呼吸breath n.呼吸interested adj.感到有兴趣的interesting adj.令人产生兴趣的interest n.兴趣， 爱好Scientist n.科学家Science n.科学Scientific adj.科学的pure adj.纯净的purely adv.纯净地warn v. 警告warning n.警告，告诫nature n. 自然natural adj.自然的unnatural adj.不自然的nat
11、urally adv.自然地chemical adj.化学的chemicals n.学物质（复）chemistry n. 化学（学科）chemist n.化学家burn n. / v. 燃烧、烧伤burning adj.（中用于名词前）燃烧着的， 雄心勃勃的， 迫在眉睫的replace v. 放回原处， 更换， 替换replacement n.更换， 解题的人或物live v. / a. 居住、现场的living adj.活着的alive adj. 活的lively adj. 活泼的harm n. 害处harmful adj.有害的harmless adj. 无害的harmlessly adv
12、. 无害的exchange v. / n. 交流， 交换change v. / n.改变， 替换hardly adv. 几乎不hard adv. /adj. 努力地、艰难的， 坚硬的communicate v. 交流， 沟通communication n. 交流，沟通thank v. 感谢thankful adj. 感谢的， 感激的main adj. 主要的 mainly adv. 主要地contain v. 容纳container n.容器announce v. 公告，宣布announver n. 发言人announcement n. 声明， 公告enjoy v.享受enjoyment n.
13、享受， 快乐enjoyable adj.令人愉快的windsurf v. 冲浪windsurfing n. 冲浪运动leader n. 领导者lead v. 领导in the end 最后（可用于将来时）at the end of 在末（可指时间或空间）by the end of 到为止（用于时间）on the end of 在末端上join 参加（组织或个人、人群）take part in 参加（活动）join in参加（活动）. Daily expressions. 日常表达1. be interested in 对感兴趣 e. g. Peter is interested in play
14、ing football. 彼得对踢足球感兴趣。指点迷津：interesting 与interested(1) interesting形容词，意为“有趣的”。e.g.We are going to show an interesting experiment. 我们将给大家做个有趣的实验。(2) interested形容词，意为“对感兴趣”，短语be/become interested in。e.g. They have become interested in science. 他们对自然科学感兴趣。 Are you interested in history? 你对历史感兴趣吗？2. li
15、ving things生物指点迷津: alive 与living通常情况下，alive做表语(be alive)，而living 一般放在名词前做定语用。e.g. That great man is still alive. 那个伟人依然活着。 all living things 一切生物 Latin is not a living language. 拉丁语不是现代用语。3. on the end of在的末端e.g. Have you ever noticed the rubber on the end of a pencil? 你有注意过铅笔末端的那个橡皮头吗？4. of course当
16、然e. g. -Will you help me please?请你帮助我好吗？ -Of course!当然可以！5. thankfor 为而感谢e.g. He thanked her for the gift. 他感谢她的礼物。 The manager thanked her crew for being so cooperative. 经理感谢她的同事们如此通力合作。6. takefrom从中拿出e.g. When people take trees from the forests, have they ever thought about planting more? 当人们从森林中取
17、走树木的时候，他们有想过要种更多的树木吗？7. releaseinto 将释放到中e.g. Look, that steel work is releasing black smoke into the air. 看呀，那家钢铁厂正在向空气中排放黑烟。8. as well as也，还e.g. He as well as his sisters, is going to Canada. 他和他的姐妹们将要去加拿大。 She is clever as well as beautiful. 她不仅聪明，而且漂亮。Penguins can swim under the water as well as
18、 on the top of it. 企鹅不但能在水里游，而且能在水上游。【知识拓展】 注意区别as well as/not onlybut alsoThe teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.（重点放在前者）Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. （重点放在后者）9. protectby doing sth. 通过保护e.g. The parents wanted to protect their children by lock
19、ing them in the house. 这对父母希望通过将孩子反锁在家中来保护他们的安全。10. jointogether将连在一起e.g. The trees nearby can join their roots together. 周围的树木可以将它们的根系交织在一起。11. communicate with one another相互联系，相互沟通e.g. Nowadays, people usually communicate with each other through the Internet. 如今，人们常常通过因特网相互联系。指点迷津：one another, eac
20、h other 一般来说，在表示两个人之间的相互关系时用each other，表示两人以上的相互关系时用one another，但在实际运用时两者皆可。 e.g. Students should help each other. 学生们应当相互帮助。 Stuttents share their ideas freely with one another. 学生们可以自由地交换他们的想法。12. hardly any 几乎没有 e.g. He spent nearly all his money. He had hardly any left. 他几乎花光所有的钱。他几乎没有剩下任何东西。13.
21、 in danger 处于危险中 e.g. He is in danger, please inform him as soon as possible. 他处于危险之中，请尽快通知他。 The people in the burning house are in danger. 房子着火了，里面的人正处于危险中。14. protect sb. by/from/against 保护 e.g. The man raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 这个男人抬起胳膊挡住他的脸部免受拳击。 Please wear a hat to pro
22、tect your head against the sun. 请戴好帽子，免得头部遭到暴晒。15. What else？ 还有什么？ e.g. What else do you want to buy? 你还想买些什么？【随堂小练】I.Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.1. We should try our best to fight( pollute).2. The man is a brave (fight). We should learn from him.3. Students should
23、 clean the classroom (they) after school.4. Sam wants to be a( science) when he grows up in the future.5. Boys and girls, how many(nature) elements do you know?II.Choose the right word to complete the sentence.1. We will have a meeting to talk about the plan(at /on) the end of this week.2. You can f
24、ind a hotel(at / on) the end of the street.3. People usually communicate( with / to) each other in the tea bar.4. Lets talk about the project (to / on) the Open Day.【keys】I. 1. pollution 2. fighter 3. themselves 4. scientist 5. natural. 1. at 2. on 3. with 4. on Step 4: Important Sentences structure
25、s.1. They make streets more beautiful and less noisy. “more”和“less”用于多音节和一些双音节形容词和副词之前。“more”表示“更加”，“less”表示“不如，较差”。 e. g. Jane is less beautiful than Susan. 珍妮没有苏珊漂亮。 Susans more beautiful than Jane. 苏珊比珍妮更漂亮。2. And, I suppose you also enjoy breathing pure, cool air.enjoy doing意为“喜欢做事，享受做事的乐趣”。e.g.
26、 I enjoy reading books at home on Sundays. 周日我喜欢在家看书。3. produce enough oxygen to keep your whole class alive and healthy for a whole year.enough+n. +to doe.g. I have enough time to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这份工作。adj. /adv. +enough+ to doe.g. Its warm enough to swim. 天气足够暖和，可以游泳。 He didnt run fast en
27、ough to catch the train. 他跑得不够快，没有赶上火车。【随堂练习】.Read and choose the best answer.()1. The boy was interested chess and volleyball.A. playing B. in play C. in playingD. of play()2. You must always keep your room .A. tidily B. tidyC. untidyD. untidily()3. The boss made my grandfather fifteen hours a day
28、in old days.A. work B. workedC. workingD. to work()4. I like many kinds of sports playing football and diving.A. for example B. such as C. like asD. so as()5. I could believe that my son worked so .A. hard; hard B. hard; hardlyC. hardly; hardD. hardly; hardly.Rewrite the sentences as required.1. Ted
29、 is sunbathing and having Coke on the beach. (改为一般疑问句)Tedand having Coke on the beach?2. Trees are in great danger. (改为反意疑问句) Trees are in great danger, ?3. We can save our earth by planting more trees. (就划线部分提问) we save our earth?【keys】.1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C . 1. Is; sunbathing 2. arent they 3. How; can