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1、1 2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国II 卷） 英语 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净 后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题
2、，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话 后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15. 答案是 C。 1. What does John find difficult in learning German? A. Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Collea
3、gues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. At a ticket office. C. On a train. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A restaurant. B. A street. C. A dish. 5. What does the woman think of her interview? A. It was tough
4、. B. It was interesting. C. It was successful. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段 对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。 6. When will Judy go to a party? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 7. What w
5、ill Max do next? A. Fly a kite. B. Read a magazine. C. Do his homework. 听第 7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。 8. What does the man suggest doing at first? A. Going to a concert. B. Watching a movie. C. Playing a computer game. 2 9.What do the speakers decide to do? A. Visit Mike. B. Go boating. C. Take a walk. 听第 8 段材
6、料，回答第10 至 12 题。 10. Which color do cats see better than humans? A. Red. B. Green. C. Blue. 11. Why do cats bring dead birds home? A. To eat them in a safe place. B. To show off their hunting skills. C. To make their owners happy. 12. How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A. Grateful
7、. B. Humorous. C. Curious. 听第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 题。 13. Who is Macy? A. Ed s mother. B. Ed s teacher. C. Ed s friend. 14. How does Ed usually go to kindergarten? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. 15. What does Ed enjoy doing at the kindergarten? A. Telling stories. B. Singing songs. C. Playing with ot
8、hers. 16. What do the teachers say about Ed? A. He s clever. B. He s quiet. C. He s brave. 听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。 17. At what age did Emily start learning ballet? A. Five. B. Six. C. Nine. 18. Why did Emily move to Toronto? A. To work for a dance school. B. To perform at a dance theater. C. To lear
9、n contemporary dance. 19. Why did Emily quit dancing? A. She was too old to dance. B. She failed to get a scholarship. C. She lost interest in it. 20. How does Emily feel about stopping training? A. She s pleased. B. She s regretful. C. She s upset. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分） 阅读
10、下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Summer Activities Students should read the list with their parents / carers, and select two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, paren
11、ts / carers will be asked to sign to confirm their child s choices. Activity Description Member of staff Cost Outdoor Adventure (OUT) Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be Mr. Clemens 140 3 able to take part in a number
12、of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment. WWI Battlefields and Paris (WBP) On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I
13、battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. Mrs. Wilson 425 Crafty Foxes
14、(CRF) Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decorations Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles. Mrs. Goode 30 Potty about Potter (POT) Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay o
15、vernight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on-Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxford s Christchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter. Miss Drake 150 21. Which activity will you choose if yo
16、u want to go camping? A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT. 22. What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23. How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five day
17、s. D. One week. B Many of us love July because it s the month when nature s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Co lumbia s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, alth
18、ough, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质 ), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants ( 抗氧化物质 ). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and wh
19、ich are antioxidants. As for cherries (樱桃 ), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ ice cream” . For this purpose, select ripe bana
20、nas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of t
21、he freezer. If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “ soft-serve ” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine an
22、d watching the ice cream come out below. 24. What does the author seem to like about cherries? A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A. C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants. 4 25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas? A. To make them smell bette
23、r. B. To keep their colour. C. To speed up their ripening. D. To improve their nutrition. 26. What is “ a juicer” in the last paragraph? A. A dessert. B. A drink. C. A container. D. A machine. 27. From which is the text probably taken? A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine. C. A research paper
24、. D. A travel brochure. C Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun, according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday. While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers, some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many children s lives, an
25、d indicates how parents might help encourage more reading. According to the report s key findings, “ the proportion (比例 ) who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year- olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.” The report
26、data shows that pleasure reading levels for younger children, ages 2-8, remain largely the same. But the amount of time spent in reading each session has declined, from closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session. When it comes to technology and reading, the report does little to
27、counsel (建议 ) parents looking for data about the effect of e-readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time. The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as e
28、xamples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and teens who do read frequently, compared to infrequent readers, have more books in the home, more books purchased for them, parents who read more often, and parents who set aside time for them to read. As th
29、e end of school approaches, and school vacation reading lists loom ( 逼近 ) ahead, parents might take this chance to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a family trip to the library or bookstore. 28. What is the Common Sense Media report probably about? A. Children s reading habits
30、. B. Quality of children s books. C. Children s after-class activities. D. Parent-child relationships. 29. Where can you find the data that best supports “ children are reading a lot less for fun”? A. In paragraph 2. B. In paragraph 3. C. In paragraph 4. D. In paragraph 5. 30. Why do many parents li
31、mit electronic reading? A. E-books are of poor quality. B. It could be a waste of time. C. It may harm children s health. D. E-readers are expensive. 31. How should parents encourage their children to read more? A. Act as role models for them. B. Ask them to write book reports. C. Set up reading gro
32、ups for them. D. Talk with their reading class teachers. D We ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. What s the problem? It s possible that w
33、e all have compromised conversational intelligence. It s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it s awkward and challenging, or we think it s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time 5 you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say
34、 it s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits. Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can t forget that deep relationships wouldn t even exist if it weren t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease ( 润滑剂 ) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, di
35、rector of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “ Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains. “ The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate w ith them.” In a 2014 study, Eli
36、zabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction (互动 ) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly hig
37、her positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “ It s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,” say Dunn. “ But interactions with peripheral ( 边缘的 ) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.” Dunn believes that people who reach out to str
38、angers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. “ Small talk is the basis of good manners,” he says. 32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph? A. Addiction to smartphones. B. Ina
39、ppropriate behaviours in public places. C. Absence of communication between strangers. D. Impatience with slow service. 33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? A. Showing good manners. B. Relating to other people. C. Focusing on a topic. D. Making business deals. 34. W
40、hat does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk? A. It improves family relationships. B. It raises people s confidence. C. It matters as much as formal talk. D. It makes people feel good. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. Conversation Counts B. Ways of Making Small Talk C. Benefits
41、 of Small Talk D. Uncomfortable Silence 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分 ) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional
42、 benefits beyond being physically fit. Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37 Your metabolism ( 新陈代谢 ) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里 ) burning benef
43、its for the whole day, not in your sleep. 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. 40 If you work out bright and earl
44、y in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices. There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm
45、 clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long. A.You will stick to your diet. B.Your quality of sleep improves. 6 C.You prefer healthy food to fast food. D.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning. E.You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours
46、after exercise. F.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day. G.If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you re doing it now, then listen up! 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45 分) 第一节(共 20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Two weeks earlier, my s
47、on, Ben, had got in touch. He d moved to England with his mum when he was three and it had been 13 years since I d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he wanted to come to visit me. I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in sunshine,
48、 and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one kayak ( 皮划艇 ) was in 47 . “ Something s not 48 ! ” I too k off my T-shirt and 49 into the water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently. Linkin
49、g arms with one of the instructors， I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . “ What s his name?” I asked the instructor. “ Ben, ” he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son! The instructors called for an ambulance. 55 , after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to 56 and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben 57 to me. “ I just want to say tha