2012高考英语全国各地完形填空试题及答案解析.pdf

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1、绝密启用并使用完毕前 2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷） 第二节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。 Whenever we hear about “ the homeless,” , most of us think of the Developing world. But the 36 is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expec

2、t to see people living on the streets of a 37 country like Germany? Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 38 for the homeless of Berlin, Germany s capital. They first 39 one long hot summer when most Germans were 40 on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches

3、, 41 a table in the street and gave food to the homeless. The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren t 42 . “ What these people also need is warmth and 43 ,” says Rita. The Mullers didn t 44 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 45 there was

4、 somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 46 to anyone who couldn t face another night on the street. The couple were soon 47 all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 48 donations. Today, over thirty companies 49 donate food and other goods to th

5、e cause and volunteers help to 50 them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes. Kurt and Rita receive no 52 for their hard work. “We feel like parents,”says Rita, “ and parents shouldn t 53 money for helping their children. The love we get on the stre

6、ets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 54 . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 55 in the world. 36. A. result B. truth C. reason D. idea 37. A. traditional B. developing C. typical D. wealthy 38. A. preparations B. houses C. meals D

7、. suggestions 39. A. began B. met C. called D. left 40. A. asleep B. alone C. across D. away 41. A. brought up B. set up C. put aside D. gave away 42. A. enough B. necessary C. helpful D. expensive 43. A. fame B. freedom C. courage D. caring 44. A. hesitate B. agree C. pretend D. intend 45. A. make

8、sense B. found out C. make sure D. worked out 46. A. open B. crowded C. noisy D. near 47. A. costing B. wasting C. taking D. spending 48. A. pay for B. ask for C. look into D. carry out 49. A. completely B. calmly C. regularly D. roughly 50. A. advertise B. sell C. deliver D. lend 51. A. donates B.

9、produces C. designs D. collects 52. A. permission B. payment C. direction D. support 53. A. borrow B. raise C. save D. expect 54. A. surprised B. excited C. tired D. amused 55. A. profit B. difference C. decision D. rule 完形填空 【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文，叙述的是一对德国夫妇为了帮助无家可归的人所付出的努力，并 借主人公之口表达了作者的感受：给予爱，也收获爱，这非常有意义

10、。 36.【答案】 B 【命题透视】名词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】 前面的 but 表转折，句意为： 但是事实上无家可归的到处都有。句型 the truth is that 意为“事实上”。 37.【答案】 D 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】根据上文，此处表达的是“一个像德国这么富有的国家”，与前文的for example 和 后面的 like Germany 一致。 38.【答案】 C 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】根据后文，此句句意为：他们为

11、德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了。 39. 【答案】 A 【命题透视】动词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】由上句，此处意为：他们从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始。上句提到他们为无家可归 者提供食物有十一年了，所以此处应该表达何时开始。其他选项中，met 是“遇到”；left 是“离 开” ；called是“打电话；叫” ；都不符合句意。 40.【答案】 D 【命题透视】逻辑关系和副词词义辨析。考查学生词汇的理解和对上下文的理解或对文化、常识 的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】根据后面的Kurt and his wife stayed at home ，此处是用大多数德国

12、人与Kurt 夫妇作 一对比，句意为：他们从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，此时大多数德国人都外出度假了。 41.【答案】 B 【命题透视】动词短语词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】句意为：Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，他们在街上布置好桌子，给无家可归 者提供食物。动词短语set up意为“安装；布置；临时搭起”，符合句意；其他选项中，put aside 是“储存；撇开” ；bring up意为“提出；抚养” ；gave away是“无偿赠送；暴露”之意，都不符 合句意。 42.【答案】 A 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【

13、试题解析】由后句中的what people also need 可知，此处应该表达的是“穆勒夫妇意识到只 有食物和衣服并不够” ，用 enough。 43.【答案】 D 【命题透视】名词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】句意为：他们也需要温暖和关怀。名词caring 意为“关心；关怀” ，符合句意。其 他选项中， fame 是“名誉；名声” ；freedom 是“自由”；courage是“勇气”，都不符合句意。 44.【答案】 A 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】 由后文中的somebody at home to

14、answer the phone 可知，穆勒夫妇很愿意把电话号 码给那些街上的需要帮助的人，因此此处表示 “很愿意； 毫不犹豫地” 之意，可以用 didn t hesitate to 表示；选项B和 D 的意义与后文矛盾；pretend 是“假装”之意，不符合句意。 45.【答案】 C 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】承接上句而来，前面说到穆勒夫妇把电话号码给街上的人，因此此处应是：Rita 确 定家里有人随时接电话，make sure意为“确定”，符合句意。 make sense意为 “有道理”；find out 是“找出；查明” ；

15、work out 是“算出；制定” ，都不符合句意。 46.【答案】 A 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】由上句，此处意为：她家对那些不能在街上再呆一夜的人是敞开着的。Be open to 意为“对某人是敞开的；对开放”。 47.【答案】 D 【命题透视】动词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】句意为：穆勒夫妇马上就要花完他们的时间和金钱了。此处用动词过去进行时表示 过去将要发生的动作。选项中，waste 的词意不符合句意；cost意为“花费” ，但主语不能是sb； take 也可表示“花费” ，但其主语一般是sth

16、.或形式主语it。 48.【答案】 B 【命题透视】动词短语词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】承接上句而来。句意为：因此Kurt 去了几家食品厂和服装厂请求捐赠。动词短语 ask for意为“请求”，符合句意。其他选项中，pay for是“支付”；look into 是“调查”； carry out 意为“贯彻；执行” ，都不符合句意。 49. 【答案】 C 【命题透视】副词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】 句意为： 如今，三十多家公司经常为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品。副词 regularly 意为“经常性的” ；符合句意。其他选项中，compl

17、etely 是“完全地；完整地” ；calmly 意为“平 静地；镇定地” ；roughly是“粗略地；粗暴地”之意，都不符合句意。 50.【答案】 C 【命题透视】动词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】顺接上句而来。句意为：志愿者帮助向无家可归者分发这些食品物品。动词deliver 意为“传送； 递送”，符合句意。 其他选项中， advertise 是“作广告”；lend 是“借” ；sell是“卖” ， 都不符合句意。 51.【答案】 A 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】上文提到很多公司为无家可归者捐赠，此处表

18、达的应该是：公众也给衣服和钱，而 且一家制鞋商捐赠新鞋。动词donate 意为“捐赠”，符合句意；其他选项中，produce是“生产”； design是“设计”；collect意为“收集” ，都不符合句意。 52.【答案】 B 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】 由后文， 此处意为 “穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的工作而得到报酬”，payment 是“报酬； 付款”之意，符合句意。其他选项中， permission是“允许；许可” ；direction 是“方向”；support 是“支持”，都不符合句意。 53.【答案】 D 【命题透视】动词词

19、义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】句意为：我们感觉就像父母，父母是不应该因为帮助孩子而期望得到金钱的。动词 expect 意为“期望；期待” ，符合句意；其他选项中，borrow 是“借”；raise是“募集”；have是 “拥有”，都不符合句意。 54.【答案】 C 【命题透视】逻辑关系。考查学生对上下文的理解或对文化、常识的理解和运用能力。 【试题解析】这是一个表示让步的句子，句意为：尽管Rita 承认有时感到累，但她说她会继续这 工作，因为她喜欢这种让世界变得不同的感觉。 55.【答案】 B 【命题透视】名词词义辨析。考查学生的词汇量与词汇运用能力。 【试题解析】由上

20、一空的解析，此处应该表达的意思是“对世界有意义；让世界不同”，应该用 短语 make a difference 表达。 2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖南卷） 英语 Part Section B (18 marks) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. “Whats i

21、t like to have a gap between your teeth?“ a girl asked me one day. Nobody had ever _. 36 _ before. My hand unconsciously rose to cover my mouth. But, as she looked at me, sincerely waiting for_ 37_, 1 realized she was not trying to be rude. “I never think about it,“ I truthfully replied. She nodded

22、and turned away. I was left wondering if people _38_ me and saw only gappy teeth. Later that day at home, I began to _39 _ my teeth again. I felt upset. I thought my life would be somehow better if my teeth were not gappy. How I wanted the perfect teeth that everyone else seemed to have! Of course,

23、Mom 40 everything. She has lived her entire life with gappy teeth, and tried to convince me that there was nothing to _41_. When I refused to listen, she told me I could get the surgery to close the gap if it was that important. “Lets be 42_, though,“ she said. “If everyone got surgeries to become p

24、retty, everyone would be exactly the same. There is beauty in differences.“ Her _43_ made me consider my teeth seriously. The thought of losing my gap was more terrible than the reality that people were going to notice it. I realized how important it was to me. It is part of my 44 _. Nowadays many p

25、eople do ridiculous things to realize their dream of “perfection.“ The_45_ is that no one is perfect. When all potential for ugliness is removed, so is all of the potential for 46_. So if that girl ever asked about my teeth 47_, I would truthfully answer. “You know? Its really cute.“ 36. A. faced B.

26、 guessed C. asked D. imagined 37. A. an offer B. an answer C. a suggestion D. a result 38. A heard of B. thought of C. talked about D. looked at 39. A. consider B. brush C. cover D. appreciate 40. A. admitted B. noticed C. controlled D. changed 41. A. worry about B. put off C. give up D. wipe out 42

27、. A. friendly B. lovely C. honest D. helpful 43. A. words B. jokes C. dreams D. acts 44. A. ability B. decision C. goal D. identity 45. A. possibility B. purpose C. truth D. choice 46. A. courage B. wisdom C. kindness D. beauty 47. A. once B. again C. too D. instead 36. C. 以前没人问及过上述问题. 37. B. 等着我的回答

28、 38. D. 是不是人们看我的时候就看到我的缺牙呢. 39. A. 回到家再次考虑我的缺牙问题. 答案 B意为 “ 刷” , C “ 覆盖 ” , D “ 感激 ,欣赏 ” . 40. B. 母亲自然注意到所发生的一切. 答案 A 意为 “ 承认 ” ; C “ 控制 ” ; D “ 改变 ” . 41. A. 没有什么可担心. 答案 B意为“ 推迟 ” ; C “ 放弃 ” . D “ 消灭 ” . 42. C. 不过我们还是诚实点吧(言下之意就是不要做手术来掩盖真实面目以到达所谓的完美). 43. A. 母亲的话让我认真地考虑起我的牙齿来. 44. D. 这是我特征的一部分. 答案 A

29、“ 能力 ” ; B “ 决定 ” ; C “ 目标 ” . 45. C. 事实上没有人是完美的. 答案 A “ 可能性 ” . B “ 目的 ” ; D “ 选择 ” . 46. D. 所有丑陋的东西都去掉的时候,所有美好的东西也随之东流. 答案 A 意为“ 勇气 ” ; B “ 明智 ” ; C “ 善良 帮助 ” 。 47. B. 所以 ,如果哪位女孩再问我牙齿的事情, Section C(12 marks) Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that bes

30、t fits the context. Keeping in touch with our friends is an important part of friendship. This does not mean that _48_ have to write or call our friends every day. It does mean, however, that we _49_ care enough about our friends to find out how they are doing from time to time. People have differen

31、t habits about keeping in touch with others. Some like to call their friends, sometimes many times _50_ day. Others prefer to e-mail their friends. Still _51_ prefer writing letters so that they can include photos or interesting articles _52_ the envelopes along with their letters. Some even write p

32、ostcards while they are on vacation _53_ send them to friends. Every kind of communication is important. It is _54_ important what kind of call we make or letter we send. _55_ is important is that we let others know we care about them. 48. we。对应于our 49. should。我们对朋友应该表示足够的关怀。 50. a. 有时候一天打电话多次。注意：ev

33、eryeachper day是 “每一天”，不合语境。 51. others。还有一些 . 52. in.信封内可以附带寄些照片等。 53. and。连接两个谓语动词：write postcards and send them to friends. 54. not. 55. What.引导主语从句，what 在主语从句中做主语。承上句：打何种电话，寄何种信件不重要， 重要的是我们要让对方知道我们在乎他们。 2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷） 英语 第二节完形填空 “Just sign here, sir,“ the deliveryman said as he handed

34、Oscar Reyna a package. The package consisted of a long, narrow box 21 wrapped in brown paper. 22 the box, Oscar saw an umbrella inside a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle. 23 he had not seen it in more than 20 years, he recognized it 24 . Oscar was 16 when he first saw the 25 umbr

35、ella. He had gone to a concert with his grandparents. As they were leaving, h noticed an umbrella on an empty seat, impressed by its 26 , Oscar felt a strong desire to find its 27 . Oscar 28 the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales. Just as he thought, a name matched the seat 29 Osc

36、ar had found the umbrella. The name was Mrs. Katie OBrien. Oscar talked his grandparents into going by Mrs. OBriens 30 on their way home. He rang the bell, the door opened, and an elderly woman appeared. “May I 31 you?“ she asked. “Id like to return it if its yours,“ Oscar said, 32 the umbrella as i

37、f presenting a 33 that had long been wished for. “Why, yes! Its mine,“ replied Mrs. OBrien with a 34 smile and shining eyes. “It was given to me by my father years ago. Thank you so much for returning it. May I offer you a reward for your _35_ ?“ “No, maam,“ he said, “My grandmother says that a good

38、 deed is its own reward. “ “Well, thats 36 what my father used to say. What is your name, young man?“ Years later Oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remembered Mrs. OBrien. It was in perfect condition, considering how 37 it was. Why had it arrived here today? As if 3

39、8 , a note fell from the paper. It reads: Mrs. OBrien wanted to 39 this umbrella as a present for a kind, 40 . gesture long ago. 21. A. strictly B. carefully C. roughly D. casually 22. A. Opening B. Seizing C. Observing D. Searching 23. A. After B. When C. Since D. Although 24. A. clearly B. fully C

40、. immediately D. suddenly 25. A. average B. unusual C. plain D. typical 26. A. beauty B. shape C. origin D. history 27. A. designer B. seller C. user D. owner 28. A. convinced B. forced C. encouraged D. advised 29. A. until B. before C. which D. where 30. A. family B. theater C. house D. neighborhoo

41、d 31. A. invite B. help C. bother D. know 32. A. putting up B. turning out C. picking up D. holding out 33. A. chance B. fact C. gift D. result 34. A. wide B. confident C. proud D. shy 35. A. patience B. kindness C. courage D. determination 36. A. obviously B. naturally C. exactly D. probably 37. A.

42、 old B. rare C. precious D. nice 38. A. in contrast B. in return C. in exchange D. in answer 39. A. possess B. accept C. carry D. value 40. A. attractive B. significant C. unselfish D. sympathetic 【考点】日常生活类记叙文 【文章大意】本文记叙了一个人拾金不昧，捡到别人的伞之后专程还给失主，很多年之后又收到 的失主赠送伞的故事，启迪我们：善有善报这样一个朴实的真理和美德。 21.【答案】 B 【考点】

43、副词词义辨析 【试题解析】与a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle.相呼应，可知答案，仔细 地，符合文意。 22.【答案】 A 【考点】动词词义辨析 【试题解析】与之后the box ，Oscar saw an umbrella inside 相呼应，可知答案，打开，符合文 意。 23.【答案】 D 【考点】连词词义辨析 【试题解析】根据had not seen it和 recognize 的对比关系，可知答案D，尽管，表示让步关系， 符合文意。 24.【答案】 C 【考点】动词词义辨析 【试题解析】与26 空前的 impr

44、essed by 相呼应，可知答案C，立刻、马上，符合文意。 25.【答案】 B 【考点】形容词词义辨析 【试题解析】与26 空前的 impressed by 相呼应，可知这边伞很是不寻常（unusual） ，故答案 B 符 合文意。 Average 普通的； plain 平凡的； typical 典型的，均不符合语境，故排除。 26.【答案】 A 【考点】名词词义辨析 【试题解析】与上文23 空 a very old one with a beautifully carved wooden handle.和下句 Years later Oscar was staring at the fin

45、ely carved handle of the umbrella相呼应，可知答案A，对伞的美印象深 刻，符合文意。 27.【答案】 D 【考点】名词词义辨析 【试题解析】与32 空前 “Id like to return it if its yours,“相呼应，可知Oscar特别想找到伞的主人， 故答案符合文意。 28.【答案】 A 【考点】动词词义辨析 【试题解析】根据句意：Oscar使经理确信（ convince） ，符合文意。Force 强迫； encourage 鼓励； advise 建议，均不符合语境，故排除。 29.【答案】 D 【考点】连词词义辨析 【试题解析】 where

46、引导定义从句，在从句中做地点状语，修饰先行词 the seat. 30.【答案】 C 【考点】名词词义辨析 【试题解析】与下句He rang the bell, the door opened, 相呼应，可知答案C符合文意。 31.【答案】 B 【考点】动词词义辨析 【试题解析】根据常识，可知本句的意思是：我可以帮你吗？故答案B 符合文意。 32.【答案】 D 【考点】动词词义辨析 【试题解析】 与之后的as if presenting 相呼应， 故答案 D，提供，符合文意。Put up 张贴； turn out 结果证明是； pick up 捡起、接人，均不符合语境，故排除。 33.【答案】

47、 C 【考点】名词词义辨析 【试题解析】与之后的that had long been wished for相呼应，可知答案C，礼物，符合文意。 34.【答案】 A 【考点】形容词词义辨析 【试题解析】与and shinning eyes 相呼应，可知答案A，灿烂的微笑，符合文意。 35.【答案】 B 【考点】名词词义辨析 【试题解析】与40 空前的 for a kind相呼应，可知此处答案B符合文意。 36.【答案】 C 【考点】副词词义辨析 【试题解析】根据句意：哦，这也是（exactly，确切地）我父亲过去经常这样讲的。Obviously 明显地； naturally 自然地； proba

48、bly 可能地，均不符合语境，故排除。 37.【答案】 A 【考点】形容词词义辨析 【试题解析】根据31 空前 an elderly woman 和 37 空前 years later 提示，可知此处Oscar在纳闷这 把伞究竟有多少年的历史，故答案A 符合文意。 38.【答案】 D 【考点】介词短语词义辨析 【试题解析】根据37 空及之后的Why had it arrived here today?这两个问题困扰着Oscar，由此可 以推断答案D，好像是为了回答（in answer）这些疑问，符合文意。in contrast 对比； in return 作为回报； in exchange 作

49、为交换，均不符合语境，故排除。 39.【答案】 B 【考点】动词词义辨析 【试题解析】根据句意：Mrs OBrien 想让你接受（ accept， 乐意接受）这把伞。Possess拥有； carry 携带； value 珍视，均不符合文意，故排除。 40.【答案】 C 【考点】形容词词义辨析 【试题解析】与32 空前 “Id like to return it if its yours,“ Oscar said,相呼应，可知多年前Oscar把伞 物归原主是一种无私的行为，故答案C符合文意。 【难度】一般 【长难句解析】 As they were leaving, he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat, impressed by its beauty. 当他们正准备离开是，他注意一个空位是有一把伞，它的美给他留下了深刻的印象。Impressed， 过去分词做状语，与句子主语he 逻辑上构成被动关系。 2012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷） 第二节：完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选