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1、考研英语词汇分类总结 屠皓民主讲 1.经“类 economist 经“学家 public sector公 n 部门 ,公 n 成分 economic fluctuation经“动 economic depression经“衰退 economic stability经“稳定 economic policy经“政策 holding company控股公司 infrastructure 基本建设 standard of living生活标准 ,生活水平 purchasing power, buying power购买力 stagnation 停, ,萧条 ,不景气 real estate 不动产 ,
2、房地产 investment 投资 ,资产 investor 投资人 cheque 支票(美作 :check) cash 现金 devaluation (货币) 贬 e securities business证券市场 stock exchange股票市场 share 股份 ,股票 shareholder, stockholder股票持有人,股东 dividend股息 ,红 bull market牛市 bear market盯市 interest 息 rate of interest 率 discount 贴现 ,斤甘 allowance, grant, subsidy补贴 ,补助金,津贴 in
3、come 收 l ,收益 yield 产呈 duty 税 tax-free 免税的 retail 零售 joint venture合资企业 budget 预算 deficit 赤字 monetary policy货币政策 inflation通货膨胀 consolidation兼并 contract 合同 1 enterprise(n.)企 ( 事 ) 业单位，事业，事业心，进取心 u真题例旬 The important factor in a private enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive
4、 resources (private property) , and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. revenue (n.) 财政收l ，税收 u真题例旬 In many cases, he believes, the loss ofrevenue has been greater than the reductions in cost. rebound (v.) 跳回；回生；
5、( n.) 跳回，弹回；回生，回复 u真题例旬 The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usualrebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend. revival (n.) 苏醒，复苏，复活；复兴，u行 u真题例旬 The trouble is that part of the recent accel
6、eration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of arevival in the underlying trend. statistics(n.) 统计( 学 ) ； statistical (a.) 统计的，统计学的 u真题例旬 The officialstatistics are mildly discouraging. affiliate (n./v. ) 分公司,附属机构；a 附属于 u真题例旬 I
7、nternational affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. monopoly (n.) 垄断，垄断者，专 权，专 事业 u真题例旬 Any threat ofmonopoly , they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. fluctuation(n.) 动 u真题例旬 Steelworkers, airline emplo
8、yees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation , and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. 2 2. 教育类 president 大学校长 dean 院长 principal中学校长 register/enroll登记、报到 opening ceremony开学 r 礼 requ
9、ired course必 d 课 optional/selective course选 d 课 kindergarten幼 i 园 elementary education 初等教育secondary education 中等教育higher education 高等教育graduate school 研究生院open university夜大、函大private school私立学校public school 公立学校universal education普 及教育 postgraduate 研究生 undergraduate 本科 scholarship 奖学金 credit system
10、学分制 mark/score/grade分数 schedule=school timetable课程表 diploma=graduation certificate毕业证书 drop out 辍学 expel sb from school开除 tuition学费 consultant 顾问 application form申请表 presentation 针对某一专题发表的演讲 semester 学期 curriculum课程 exceptional (a.反常的，有缺陷的；杰出的，出类拔拔萃的；1chil(r).需要特殊照顾的i 童 u真题例旬 Exceptional children ar
11、e different in some significant way from others of the same age. potential (潜能，潜力，full1 最大的潜能； ( a. ) 潜在的，可能的 u真题例旬 For these children to develop to their full adult potential , their education must be adapted to those differences. discipline (n.) 训练，磨炼，纪律，学科 3 u真题例旬 As a member of a British commiss
12、ion visiting here in 1853 reported,“ With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline , the American boy develops r apidly into the skilled workman.” term (n.) 学期，期限，期间；( pl. ) on equal ? s 以平等的地位；in ? s of c 据，按照，用?措辞 u真题例旬 Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organization of the trade
13、unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. conception(n.) 思想，观念，概念；构思，设想；怀孕 u真题例旬 Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is in- complete if he cannot competently assess how
14、 his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. intellectual( n.) 知识分子 u真题例旬 The most thoroughly studies intellectual in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. literary(a. ) 文学的 u真题例旬 While few craftsmen or fa
15、rmers, let alone dependents and servants, leftliterary compositions to be analyzed, it is obvious that their views were less fully intellectualized. brains(n.) 智力 u真题例旬 4 So few authors have brains enoughor literary gift enough to keep their own end up injournalism ,“ Newman wrote. subject ( n.) 主题，
16、科目，主语；( v.) ?( to)a 遭受， a 服从 ；(a.) 易遭 , 的，受 , 支配的 u真题例旬 The Corporation will survive as a publicly-unded broadcasting organization, at least for the time being, but its role, its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-wide debate in Britain. unenlightened (a.) 未受启蒙的，愚昧无知的，落后的；enligh
17、tened ( a.) 开明的，有知识的，文明的； enlightening ( a.) 有启迪作用的；enlightenment ( n.) u真题例旬 A few have already appeared. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and oftenunenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and li
18、fe. 4 3.社会媒体类 press 媒体行业 coverage 新闻报道 issue 出版、发行 newsstand 报摊 mass media 大众媒体 entertainment娱乐 journalism新闻业 journal 期刊 exclusive news独家新闻 workaholic工作狂 ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的 flow of personnel人才动 competitive竞争激烈的 a fat salary收 l 颇丰 a decent job 一份体面的工作 chance of promotion升迁机会 kinship( ) 亲属关系 u真题例旬
19、Among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. ancestor( n.) 祖先 u真题例旬 When ourancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn t have time to wonder
20、much about anything besides finding food. succession (n.) 继承，继任 u真题例旬 As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don3 t get the nod also may wish to move on. depart(v.) 离职 u真题例旬 When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his exp
21、lanation was surprisingly straight up. domestic (a.) 家庭的 u真题例旬 The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be indomestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. obligation (n.) 义务，责任 5 u真题例旬 But most women toda
22、y are coping with a lot ofobligations , with few breaks, and feeling the strain. peer ( n. ) 同辈 u真题例旬 A journal editor would then remove the authors3names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. recruit (v.) 招募 u真题例旬 In the case of NBA players, their increase in height
23、 appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world. father(v.)生养，f . 的父亲 u真题例旬 They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sall
24、y Hemings. retiree( n.) 退休人员 u真题例旬 For much of the past year. President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savings-account model， with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. divisive (a.) 引起分歧的；引起争议的 u真题例旬 Are there divisive
25、issues and pockets of seething anger in America? turbulent(a.) 动荡的；”乱的 u真题例旬 But particularly when viewed against America 3 s turbulent past, today 3 s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment. resident( n.) 居民 u真题例旬 The worthyresidents of Stratford doubt that the theatre a
26、dds a penny to their revenue. humanity (n.)人 ( 总称 ), 人类; 人性， 普通人具有的特性;仁慈， 博爱，同情心;用复数人文学科 ( 尤 指文学、语言、历史和哲学) u真题例旬 4 Those things that do not show up in the test scores2 personality, ability, courage orhumanity 2 are completely ignored, “ says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic P
27、arty3 s education committee. impoverished (a.) 贫穷的 u真题例旬 To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti- colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. 6 4. 法律政治类 arbiter 仲裁者 validity有效性，合法性 suspension 中止，悬而未决 parliament国会，议会 bureaucrat
28、ic 官 h 主义的 self-governing自治的 jury 陪审团 privilege特权 withdraw撤退，取钱 assume office就任 launch 开始 legal ground法律c 据 legislation( ) 法律，条规 u真题例旬 Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006legislation , and that only the federal government has regulatory power ov
29、er nuclear issues. federal(a.) 联邦的 u真题例旬 (同上 ) clause (n.) 条款 u真题例旬 The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the“ peculiar ins including aclause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation. policymaker(n.) 政策制定者
30、 u真题例旬 Scholars, policymakers , and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes， but few have looked at the side effect family risk has risen as well. revolution(n.)革 P u真题例旬 The victims of this revolution , of course, are not limited to designers. propose (v.)提议 u真题
31、例旬 In December 2010 America s Federal Trade Commission (FTC)proposedadding a“ do not track (DNT) option to internet browsers, so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want tobe followed.” administration(n.) 管理，行政部门 u真题例旬 On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Ar
32、izona s immigration-a law Monday 7 modest policy victory for the ObamaAdministration . provision (n.) 规定，条款 u真题例旬 In Arizona v. United states, the majority overturned three of the four contestedprovisions of Arizona s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigrations law
33、. Congress (n.) 国会 u真题例旬 On the overturned provisions the majority held theCongress had deliberately“ occupied the field” and Arizona had this intruded on thefederals privileged powers. executive(a.) 执行的 u真题例旬 The 8- 0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his
34、objection as shocking assertion of federal executive power ”. statute(n.) 条例，法令 u真题例旬 The White House argued that Arizona s laws conflicted with its enforcementriorities,p even if state laws complied with federalstatutes to the letter. legitimate(a.) 合法的 u真题例旬 In effect, the White House claimed that
35、 it could invalidate any otherwiselegitimate state law that it disagrees with. civil servants 公务员 u真题例旬 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably representcivil servants. authorize (v.) 授权 ,许可 u真题例旬 Now the nation s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back
36、on business -method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were firstauthorized 10 years ago. ruling (n.) 裁决；裁定 u真题例旬 That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies truing to stake out executive rights to specific types of online transactions. formula (n.) 准则，方案 u真题例旬 The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. 8