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1、2019-2020 年高中外研版英语必修一教学案：Module 4 Section Grammar 现在完成时 (含答案 ) 语法图解 探究发现 Its been six years since we last saw each other, you know. And this is the first time Ive visited your hometown. Ive seen quite a lot of China and I ve visited some beautiful cities. But this is one of the most attractive place
2、s I ve been to. Theyve put up a lot of high-rise buildings recently. My wife s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there. Xiao Li has lived in Xiamen all his life. The family have lived in the town for twenty years. Up to now, Ive understood everything the teacher said. He has gone t
3、o the Great Wall. 我的发现 (1)现在完成时的构成是：have/has过去分词。 (2)由例句可知，现在完成时可与since 引导的时间状语从句连用。 (3)由例句可知，现在完成时可与时间状语recently,_just, all his life, for_twenty_years,_up_to_now 连用。 (4)由例句可知， have/has_been_to 表示 “ 曾经去过 (某地 ) ” ；have/ has_gone_to 表 示“已经去了(某地 )，去而未归” 。 一、现在完成时的基本概念 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。现在完成时
4、与现在 有关，属于现在时态。 二、现在完成时的构成 肯定句主语 have/has过去分词 否定句主语 have/has not过去分词 疑问句Have/Has主语过去分词？ 被动句主语 have/has been过去分词 即时演练1按要求改写句子 They have built another hospital in the area. They haven t_built another hospital in the area.( 否定句 ) Have_they_built another hospital in the area ？(疑问句 ) Another hospital has_
5、been_built by them in the area.( 被动句 ) 三、现在完成时的基本用法 1 “完成用法” ：表示动作在说话时已经完成(可不指出动作发生的确切时间)，但对现 在产生某种后果或影响。常与ever, recently, before, so far, up to now, till now, in the past years, these days等时间状语连用。 Tom has made much progress in his learning of Chinese. 汤姆在汉语学习方面取得了很大的进步。 Have you ever been to the We
6、st Lake? 你曾经去过西湖吗？ 2 “未完成用法” ：表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在，甚至还可能继续下去， 这时常和“ since 点时间状语(名词、短语、从句)”或“ for段时间状语”连用。 We have lived here since 1994. 自 1994 年以来我们一直住在这里。 I have taughtin this school for 30 years. 我在这所学校任教了30 年。 3在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作。 I won t believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes. 直到我亲眼见
7、到才相信。 He will come as soon as he has finished his work. 他一做完工作就会来。 即时演练2 (1)选词填空： for, since My aunt has worked in Australia for 15 years. Margaret is in her office. She has been there since 7 oclock. Mike has been ill for a long time. He has been in hospital since October. (2)翻译句子 你在这里住了多少年了？ How_m
8、any_years_have_you_lived_here? 吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。 Jim_has_finished_his_homework_already._He_is_free_now. 直到公交车停下了才能下车。 Dont_get_off_the_bus_until_it_has_stopped. 我们已在这儿逗留了3 个星期。 Weve_stayed_here_for_three_weeks. 四、现在完成时难点突破 1现在完成时与瞬时性动词 瞬时性动词也可以有现在完成时，但是不可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用；必须与 表示时间段的状语连用时，要用相应的延续性动词来代替。 I
9、 have bought a new car. 我买了辆新车。 I have bought a new car for two weeks. 我买了新车两周了。 I have had a new car for two weeks. 我买了新车两周了。 He has left. 他已经离开了。 He has left for an hour. 他已经离开一个小时了。 He has been away for an hour. 他已经离开一个小时了。 即时演练3单句改错 Lucy has arrived here for five days.arrived been He has borrowe
10、d the book for two years.borrowed kept They have made friends since they went to college.madebeen 2现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，落脚点在现在 一般过去时着重说明动作发生在过去，强调动作本身，落脚点在过去 We have visited the school. 我们参观过这所学校。(说明现在对这所学校有所了解) We visited the school last week. 我们上周参观了这所学校。(只说明上周参观学校这个动作) She has liv
11、ed in Paris for twenty years. 她在巴黎住了20 年了。 (可能刚搬走，还可能继续住下去) She lived in Paris for twenty years. 她在巴黎住了20 年。 (现在已经不在那里住了) 即时演练4 (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 He received (receive) a letter from his mother yesterday. Shanghai was (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it has_become (become) a large city. I ha
12、ve_taught (teach) here for fifteen years. You speak very good French! Thanks. I studied (study) French in Sichuan University for four years. (2)对比翻译 她在这所学校任教20 年了。 (可能刚调走，还可能继续教下去) She_has_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years. 她曾在这所学校任教20 年。 (现在已经不在那里任教了) She_taught_in_this_school_for_twenty_years
13、. 3现在完成时的三种常用句型 (1)It is/has been 一段时间since . It is/has been seven years since Tom started learning English. 汤姆学习英语已经有七年时间了。 (2)This/It is the first/ second/. time (that) sb. hav e done sth. “这是某人第一/ 二 /次做某事” 。 It s the first time (that) the boy has spoken to a foreigner. 这是这个男孩第一次同外国人说话。 (3)在“This/
14、That/It is the 形容词最高级名词that 从句”结构中， that 从句要用 现在完成时态。 This is the best film that I ve ever seen . 这是我看过的最好的电影。 .单句语法填空 1Mr Li is not at home. He has_gone (go) to Shanghai. 2This is the first time that she has_visited (visit) the Great Wall. 3The three of us traveled (travel) around Europe for about
15、a month last summer. 4This is the most interesting party that I have_enjoyed (enjoy) 5A lecture on the computer has_been_given (give) three times by Mr. Zhang already. 6The unemployment rate in this district has_fallen (fall) from 6% to 5% in the past two years. 7Miss Green taught (teach) us English
16、 last year. She has_taught (teach) us for about 2 years. 8Mr. Brown has_made (make) a lot of friends since he came (come) to work in New York two years ago. 9He joined (join) the army two years ago. In other words, he has_been (be) a soldier for two years. 10Have you seen (see) my dictionary? Yes, I
17、 saw (see) it on your bed yesterday. .完成句子 1We have_been_friends since we were_very_young. 我们从很小的时候就是好朋友。 2Over the years, we have_developed_a_good_friendship with each other. 最近几年，我们已经互相培养了良好的友谊。 3We have_learned_2,000_English_words so far. 到目前为止，我们已学了2 000 个英语单词了。 4It is the first time this year t
18、hat he hasn t_worked on a Saturday. 这是今年他第一次在周六不上班。 5He has_lived_in_the_city for three years, and he has_made_a_lot_of_new_friends. 他在这个城市住了三年了，并且交了许多新朋友。 6We havent_decided when to discuss the problem again. 我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。 7He left_his_hometown five years ago and no one has_seen_him ever since
19、. 他五年前离开了家乡，从此之后没有人见过他。 8 Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we have_tried_our_best. 无论结果怎样，我们都要微笑着接受，因为我们已经尽了全力。 .短文改错 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出
20、修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10 处，多者 (从第 11 处起 )不计分。 Here are the information about Manchester University. It is about 200 miles away from London, and it has the very big schoolyard. You can live in the school or near the school. It has all sorts of course. I m sure you will find one you like i
21、t. I know you are particularly interesting in human rights. So I will see that there is anything on their website. I ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport when you arrived. You met him a few years ago, but he had changed a lot since then. Both your aunt or I look forward to seeing you again. 答案： 第一句： areis 第二句： thea 第四句： course courses 第五句：去掉it 第六句： interesting interested 第七句： thatif/whether 第八句：在meet之前加 to; arrived arrive 第九句： hadhas 第十句： orand