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1、学习必备欢迎下载 不规则动词表： 1. A-A-A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A-A-B型（现在式和过去式同形） 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 beat beat beaten 打 3. A-B-A型（现在式和过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 come came come 来 become became be
2、come 变 run ran run 跑 4. A -B -B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d 或 t 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t ” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send
3、 sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 学习必备欢迎下载 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 wi
4、n won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got/gotten 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死 / 挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见
5、 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 5. A-B-C 型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同） （1）在动词原形后加 -n 或-en 构成过去分词。 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take too
6、k taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 学习必备欢迎下载 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 （2）过去式加 -n 或-en 构成过去分词。 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 speak spoke spoken 说话 b
7、reak broke broken 破碎，折 断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 （3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i ”分别为 “a”（过去式）和 “u”（过去分 词）。 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 （4）其他不规则动词的变化。 动词原
8、形（现在式）过去式过去分词 be(am, is) was/ were been 是 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 lie lay lain 躺 wear wore worn 穿 一)比较 1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages. 2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B. 3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages tha
9、t. 4.It is reasonable to maintain that .but it would be foolish to claim that. 5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. 6.Like anything else, it has its faults. 7.A and B has several points in common. 8.A bears some resemblances to B. 学习必备欢迎下载 9.However, the same is not appli
10、cable to B. 10. A and B differ in several ways. 11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects. 12. People used to think ., but things are different now. 13. The same is true of B. 14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks. 15. It is true that A . , but the chief faults (obvious defects
11、)are . 二)原因 1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation. A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem). 2. The answer to this problem involves many factors. 3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that. 4. The factors that contribute to th
12、is situation include. 5. The change in .largely results from the fact that. 6. We may blame .,but the real causes are. 7. Part of the explanations for it is that . One of the most common factors (causes ) is that . Another contributing factor (cause ) is . Perhaps the primary factor is that But the
13、fundamental cause is that . 三)后果 1. It may give rise to a host of problems. 2. The immediate result it produces is . 3. It will exercise a profound influence upon. 4. Its consequence can be so great that. 四)批驳 1)It is true that ., but one vital point is being left out. 2) There is a grain of truth i
14、n these statements, but they ignore a more important fact. 3) Some people say ., but it does not hold water. 4) Many of us have been under the illusion that. 5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is. 6) It makes no sense to argue for . 7) Too much stress placed on . may le
15、ad to . 8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that . 9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that . 五)举例 1) A good case in point is . 2) As an illustration, we may take . 3) Such examples might be given easily. 4) .is often cited as an example. 六)证明 1) No one can deny the fac
16、t that . 学习必备欢迎下载 2) The idea is hardly supported by facts. 3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows . 4) Recent studies indicate that . 5) There is sufficient evidence to show that . 6) According to statistics proved by ., it can be seen that . 七)开篇 1) Many nations have been faced with th
17、e problem of . 2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus. 3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic. 4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among . 5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over . 6) Never in our history has the idea that . been so popular. 7) Faced with .
18、, quite a few people argue that . 8) According to a recent survey, . 9) With the rapid development of ., . 八)结尾 1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that . 2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop . 3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to . 4)
19、In conclusion, it is imperative that . 5) There is no easy method, but .might be of some help. 6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must . 7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up. 8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem wil
20、l be solved thoroughly. 9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to . 10) Taking all these into account, we . 11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear. 1in the long run 从长远来看，最后2on offer 在出售中 3choose from. 从.中挑选4be curious a
21、bout. 对.感到好奇 5confront with. 使面临 , 使面对6with interest 有兴趣地 7an average of . 平均是 . 8at high altitudes 在很高的地方 9draw one s attention 吸引某人的注意10focus on 集中 11in years to come 在未来的几年内12as a matter of fact 实际上 13adopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法14wait for 等待 15pass through 经过, 通过16a sequence of 一系列的 17set
22、 apart from 把.区分开18take . for granted 以.为骄傲 19be aware of/that 注意到20translate into 翻译成 21set in 开始22intend to do 想要做 学习必备欢迎下载 23looking forward to 期望24be built from. 用.去建造 25a wide variety of 很多的26 at advanced levels 在高级范围内 27carry out 完成，实施28according to 根据 29aim to do 指望做某事30make sacrifices to do
23、做出牺牲而做 31in depth 深入地32a series of 一系列 ,一连串 33above all 首先,尤其是34after all 毕竟,究竟 35ahead of 在.之前36ahead of time 提前 37all at once 突然,同时38all but 几乎;除了.都 39all of a sudden 突然40all over 遍及 41all over again 再一次 ,重新42all the time 一直,始终 43all the same 仍然,照样的44as regards 关于,至于 45anything but 根本不46as a matte
24、r of fact 实际上 47apart from 除.外(有/无) 48as a rule 通常,照例 49as a result(of) 因此,由于50as far as .be concerned 就.而言 51as far as 远至,到.程度52as for 至于,关于 53as follows 如下54as if 好像,仿怫 55as good as 和.几乎一样56as usual 像平常一样 ,照例 57as to 至于,关于58all right 令人满意的 ;可以 59as well 同样,也,还60as well as 除.外(也),即.又 61aside from 除
25、.外(还有) 62at a loss 茫然,不知所措 63at a time 一次,每次64at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 65at all costs 不惜一切代价66at all events 不管怎样 ,无论如何 67at all times 随时,总是68at any rate 无论如何 ,至少 69at best 充其量 ,至多70at first 最初,起先 71at first sight 乍一看 ,初看起来72at hand 在手边 ,在附近 73at heart 内心里 ,本质上74at home 在家,在国内 75at intervals 不时,每隔. 76at lar
26、ge 大多数 ,未被捕获的 77at least 至少78at last 终于 79at length 最终,终于80at most 至多,不超过 81at no time 从不,决不82by accident 偶然 83at one time 曾经,一度;同时84at present 目前,现在 85at sbs disposal 任.处理86at the cost of 以.为代价 87at the mercy of 任凭.摆布88at the moment 此刻,目前 89at this rate 照此速度90at times 有时,间或 91back and forth 来回地 ,反复
27、地92back of 在.后面 93before long 不久以后94beside point 离题的 ,不相干的 95beyond question 毫无疑问96by air 通过航空途径 97by all means 尽一切办法 ,务必98by and by 不久,迟早 99by chance 偶然,碰巧100by far 最,.得多 101by hand 用手,用体力102by itself 自动地 ,独自地 103by means of 用,依靠104by mistake 错误地 ,无意地 105by no means 决不,并没有106by oneself 单独地 ,独自地 107
28、by reason of 由于108by the way 顺便说说 109by virtue of 借助 ,由于110by way of 经由,通过.方法 学习必备欢迎下载 111due to 由于,因为112each other 互相 113even if/though 即使,虽然114ever so 非常,极其 115every now and then 时而,偶尔116every other 每隔一个的 117except for 除了.外118face to face 面对面地 119far from 远非,远离120for ever 永远 121for good 永久地122for
29、the better 好转 123for the moment 暂时,目前124for the present 暂时,目前 125for the sake of 为了,为了.的利益126 for the time being 暂时 ,眼下 127from time to time 有时,不时128hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联 129head on 迎面地,正面的130heart and soul 全心全意地 131how about .怎么样132in a hurry 匆忙,急于 133in case of 假如,防备134in a moment 立刻,一会儿 135in a
30、sense 从某种意义上说136in a way 在某种程度上 137in a word 简言之 ,总之138in accordance with 与.一致,按照 139in addition 另外,加之140in addition to 除.之外(还) 141in advance 预先,事先142in all 总共,合计 143in any case 无论如何144in any event 无论如何 145in brief 简单地说146in charge of 负责,总管 147in common 共用的 ,共有的148in consequence(of) 因此;由于 149in debt
31、 欠债,欠情150in detail 详细地 151in difficulty 处境困难152in effect 实际上 ,事实上 153in general 一般来说 ,大体上154in favor of 支持,赞成 155in front of 面对,在.前156in half 成两半 157in hand 在进行中 ,待办理158in honor of 为庆祝 ,为纪念 159in itself 本质上 ,就其本身而言160in line with 与.一致 161in memory of 纪念162in no case 决不 163in no time 立即,马上164in no wa
32、y 决不 165in order 按顺序 ,按次序166in other words 换句话说 167in part 部分地168in particular 特别,尤其 169in person 亲自,本人170in place 在合适的位置 171in place of 代替,取代,交换172in practice 在实践中 ,实际上 173in proportion to 与.成比例174in public 公开地 ,当众 175in quantity 大量176in question 正在谈论的 177in regard to 关于,至于178in relation to 关于,涉及 1
33、79in return 作为报答 /回报/交换180in return for 作为对 .报答 181in short 简言之 ,总之182in sight 被见到 ;在望 183in spite of 尽管184in step 齐步,合拍 185in step with 与.一致/协调186in tears 流着泪 ,在哭着 187in the course of 在.期间/过程中188in the distance 在远处 189in the end 最后,终于190in the event of 如果.发生,万一 191in the face of 即使;在.面前192in the fi
34、rst place 首先 193in the future 在未来194in the least 丝毫,一点 195in (the)light of 鉴于,由于196in the way 挡道 197in the world 究竟,到底198in time 及时 学习必备欢迎下载 199in touch 联系,接触200in turn 依次,轮流;转而 201in vain 徒劳,白费力202instead of 代替,而不是 203just now 眼下;刚才204little by little 逐渐地 205lots of 许多206many a 许多 207more or less 或
35、多或少 ,有点208next door 隔壁的 ,在隔壁 209no doubt 无疑地210no less than 不少于 .;不亚于. 211no longer 不再212no more 不再 213no more than 至多,同.一样不214none other than 不是别的 ,正是 215on ones guard 警惕,提防216nothing but 只有,只不过 217now and then 时而,偶尔218off and on 断断续续 ,间歇地 219off duty 下班220on a large/small scale 大/小规模地 221on accoun
36、t of 由于222on(an/the) average 平均,通常 223on behalf of 代表224on board 在船(车/飞机)上 225on business 因公226on condition that 如果 227on duty 上班,值班228on earth 究竟,到底 229on fire 起火着火230on foot 步行, 231on guard 站岗,值班232on hand 在场,在手边 233on occasion(s) 有时,间或234on ones own 独立,独自 235on purpose 故意地236on sale 出售,廉价出售 237on
37、 schedule 按时间表 ,准时 238 on second thoughts 经重新考虑 239on the contrary 正相反240on the grounds of 根据 ,以.为由 241on (the) one hand 一方面242on the other hand 另一方面 243on the point of 即将.的时刻244on the road 在旅途中 245on the side 作为兼职 /副 业246on the spot 在场;马上 247on the whole 总的来说 ,大体上248on time 准时 249once again 再一次250o
38、nce(and)for all 一劳永逸地 251once in a while 偶尔252once more 再一次 253once upon a time 从前254one another 相互 255or else 否则,要不然256or so 大约,左右 257other than 非;除了258out of 从.中;由于;缺乏 259out of breath 喘不过气来260out of control 失去控制 261out of date 过时的262out of doors 在户外 263out of order 出故障的264out of place 不适当的 265out
39、 of practice 久不练习 ,荒疏266out of sight 看不见,在视野外 267out of the question 毫无可能的 268out of touch 不联系 ,不接触 269over and over(again) 一再地 ,再三地270prior at 在.之前 271quite a few 相当多 ,不少272rather than 不是.(而是) 273regardless of 不顾,不惜274right away 立即,马上 275side by side 肩并肩 ,一起276so far 迄今为止 277sooner or later 迟早,早晚27
40、8step by step 逐步地 279such as 例如,诸如280thanks to 由于,多亏 281that is (to say) 就是说 ,即282to the point 切中要害 ,切题 283under control 处于控制之下 284under the circumstances 这种情况下 学习必备欢迎下载 285up to date 在进行中286up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于 287what if 切合目前情况的288what about 怎么样 289with respect to 如果.将怎么样 290with regard to 关于,至于 291
41、without question 关于,至于, 292with the exception of 除.之外 293without question 毫无疑问294word for word 逐字的 1 I wasnt born yesterday.（我又不是三岁小孩 ) 2 How do I address you?（我怎么称呼你 ) 3 She turns me off.（她使我厌烦。） 4 So far so good.（目前为止，一切都好。 ） 5 Be my guest.（请便、别客气） 6 That was a close call.（太危险了 /千钧一发） 7 Far from i
42、t. （一点也不。） 8 Its a pain in the neck麻烦的事（人） .（那真是件麻烦事） 9 Were in the same boat.（我们处境相同。） 10 My mouth is watering.（我在流口水了。） 11 I ache all over.（我浑身酸痛。） 12 I have a runny nose.（我流鼻涕。） 13 Do you have any openings?（你们有空缺吗？） 14 Think nothing of it.（别放在心上。） 15 Im not myself today.（我今天心神不宁。） 16 I have a swe
43、et tooth.（我喜欢吃甜食。） 17 For the time being.（暂时；暂且；目前） 18 Dont beat around the bush. （别拐弯抹角了。） 19 Its up on the air悬而未决 .（尚未确定。） 20 It slipped my mind.（我忘了。） 21 You cant please使人感到满意和愉快 everyone. （你不可能讨好每一个 人。 ） 22 Im working on着手；从事 it. （我正在努力。） 23 You bet! （当然！） 24 Drop me a line短信.（写封信给我） 25 Are you
44、 pulling my leg同某人开玩笑；取笑 ?（你在开我玩笑吗？） 26 Ill keep my ears open.（我会留意的。） 27 Neck and neck.（不分上下。） 28 Im feeling under the weather.（我觉得不舒服 /精神不好 /情绪低落。） 29 Dont get me wrong误解.（不要误会我。） 30 Youre the boss.（听你的。） 31 If I were in your shoes处在某人的位置 .（如果我是你的话。） 32 Over my dead body!（休想 ) 33 Itll come to me.（
45、我会想起来的。） 34 I will play it by ear见机行事；临时现做 .（我会见机行事的；到时候再 说。) 35 Lets talk over coffee.（我们边喝边谈。） 36 Take it easy. （轻松一点；别紧张；放松放松；再见。） 学习必备欢迎下载 这是美国人最喜欢说的话，也可作离别用语。 37 Lets give him a big hand.（让我们热烈鼓掌。） 38 As far as Im concerned.（就我而言。） 39 Im up to my ears忙得不可开交； 深陷于某事物中 in work. （我忙死了。） 40 You cant
46、 do this to me.（你不能这么对我。） 41 Just to be on the safe side. （为了安全起见。） 42 Its been a long time.（好久不见了。） 43 Its about time.（时间差不多了。 ) 44 I cant imagine why.（我想不通为什么。） 45 Thats really something.（真了不起。 ) 46 Excuse me for a moment.（失陪一会儿。） 47 Im dying 很想 to see you.（我真想见你。） 48 Im flattered.（过奖了。） 49 You ca
47、n never tell.（不知道 /谁也没把握。） 50 I wont buy相信；接受 you story. （我不信你那一套。 ） 51 It hurts like hell!（疼死啦！） 52 It cant be helped.（无能为力。） 53 Sorry to bother you.（抱歉打扰你。 事前 ） Sorry to have bothered you.（抱歉打扰你。 事后） 54 Stay out of this matter, please.（请别管这事。） 55 Ill make it up to you.（我会赔偿的。） 56 Im very / really
48、/ terribly / awfully / extremely sorry.（十分抱歉 ) 57 Lets forgive and forget.（让我们摈弃前嫌。）58 Ive heard so much about you! （久仰大名！） 58 Dont underestimate me.（别小看我。） 59 She gives me a headache.（她让我头疼。） 60 Youre wasting you breath.（你在白费口舌 ) 61 Dont get on my nerves!（不要搅得我心烦。） 62 His argument doesnt hold water.（他的论点站不住脚 ) 63 Youve got to do something.（你一定要想办法。） 64 Dont look wise.（别自作聪明 ) 65 Youre going too far!（你太过分了！） 66 Dont bury your head in the