《非谓语动词-学案讲解.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《非谓语动词-学案讲解.pdf（8页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、专题五非谓语动词 考点一非谓语动词的形式和意义 非谓语动词主动语态被动语态意义 不定式 （充当？成分） 一般式 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的 动作同时发生或在其后发生。 进行式 不定式的动作与句中谓语动词的 动作同时发生 完成式 不定式的动作发生在句中谓语动 词的动作之前 现在分词 /动 名词 （充当？成分） 一般式 其表示的动作与句中谓语动词的 动作同时发生， 或基本上同时发生 完成式 其表示的动作先于句中谓语动词 的动作发生 过去分词 （充当？成分） 与句中主语为逻辑上的被动关系， 表完成 考点二非谓语动词作状语 1不定式作状语 (1)作目的状语。 _(keep) themselves a
2、wake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. (2)作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果,通常加一个 only。 We hurried to the station ，_(tell)that the train had left. (3)作原因状语 形容词或过去分词作表语时，后面可接不定式作原因状语。常见词有：happy， lucky，sorry，proud，disappointed ，surprised ，ready，delighted，clever，foolish， pleased等。 _(作为中国青年我 们感到自豪。 ) 在“主
3、语系动词表语(形容词 )to do”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被 动意义。该结构中常用的形容词有： easy， difficult ， important， interesting， pleasant ， comfortable，dangerous等。 _这把椅子坐上去很舒服。 2分词作状语 (表时间、原因、条件、结果、方式或伴随、让步等) (1)作状语的分词要求其逻辑主语与句子的主语保持一致。 _(satisfy) with what he did ，the teacher praised him in class. One evening Harry phoned me, _(ask)
4、me to come to his flat as soon as possible. (2)若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成 形式(having done)。 _( clean) the desks ，we began reading. (3)若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词 完成式的被动形式 (having been done) 。 _( show) the classrooms，we were taken to see the library. (4)如句子的主语是分词动作的承受者，则要用过去分词(done)。 _(Se
5、e) from the top of the mountain ，the city is very beautiful. (5)如句子的主语是分词动作的发出者，就用现在分词形式(doing)。 _(See)from the top of the hill ，we find the park even more beautiful. 高考链接 1. Clearly and thoughtfully_ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. 2.I hope to t
6、ake the computer course. Good idea._ (find) more about it, visit this website. 3._ (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn t afford to stay at a hotel. 4.You will never know how happy I was _( see) her yesterday. 5._(succeed), one must first of all believe in himself. 6. _( live) in New York for yea
7、rs, I know each part of it very well. 7. _( ignore) for a long time, the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out. 8. _ (disappoint) at what he did, John complained to the manager. 考点三非谓语动词作宾语 1下列动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀 决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。 主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 decide/determine ，learn，want，expect/hope/w
8、ish; refuse ，manage ，care，pretend; offer，promise，choose ，plan; agree ，ask/beg ，help。 此外， afford，strive，happen ，wait，threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。 2下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。 禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。 consider， suggest/advise ， look forward to， excuse/pardon; admit ， delay/put off， fancy
9、 (想象，设想 ); avoid，miss，keep/keep on ，practice; deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate; forbid，imagine，risk; cant help (禁不住 )，mind，allow/permit，escape 。 3下列短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语 be used/accustomed to ，lead to，devote to，stick to，object to，get down to，pay attention to，cant stand ( 无法忍受 )，give up，feel like，insist on，b
10、e busy (in)，have difficulty/trouble (in) ，have a good/wonderful/hard time (in)，spend time (in)，look forward to 等短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语。 4下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上 有区别，要特别注意 (见 P 227) 5.it 做形式宾语。 I think _ our duty to protect the environment. 6. want, need, require, 做需要， deserve 值得 翻译： 1.当我经过时，她假装
11、没看见我。_ 2.我本无意伤害你。 _ 3.做早操意味着早起床。 _ 4. 他已经习惯了住在这个小乡村。_ 5.我们期待着来中国。 _ 6.这些花需要浇水。 _ 考点四非谓语动词作宾补 1 感官动词 (词组 )see ，watch，observe ，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel 的宾语补足语有四种形式 2使役动词 make ，let ，have，get, leave, keep, find后加复合宾语的情况 巩固练习 1)I saw him _(leave) a few minutes ago. 2)To learn English well，we sh
12、ould find opportunities to hear English_(speak) as much as possible. 3)The teacher raised his voice in order to make himself_ (hear). 4)Let those in need_( understand) that we will go all out to help them. 5)He had the fire_ (burn) all night. 6)He tried to get his work_ (recognize) in the medical ci
13、rcles. 7)Please keep me _(inform) of your progress. 考点五非谓语动词作定语 1现在分词 (短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主动关系，表示 该动作的 主动和进行 。 1) A young teacher _(teach) English came to apply for the position. 2) There s a note pinned to the door_ (say) when the shop will open again. 2过去分词 (短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作 的被动和完成
14、 。 1) Tsinghua University，_(found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 2) The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_ (return) to our shop for quality problems. 3不定式作定语表示未做的事情。 1) The question_(discuss)at the meeting tomorrow is very important. 2) There are still many
15、problems _ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 考点六非谓语动词作主语和表语 1不定式、动名词都可作主语，但动名词作主语多指抽象的、概念性的动作， 可以是多次的、经常的行为；不定式多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。 _(Eat) too much chocolate is bad for your teeth. _( complete) that building in ten months was a great achievement. 2动名词作表语时，说明主语的性质或特征；不定式作表语时，说明主
16、语尚未 发生的动作，或表示将来的动作。 Our job is _(play) all kinds of music. His ambition is _(go) to Harvard University. 他的梦想就是上哈佛大学。 3下列句型中常用动名词作主语： 考点七with 复合结构 翻译： 1.由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。 2.自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。 3有那么多工作要做，我不能和你一起去游泳。 4.那么多人看着他，他感到很紧张。 5. 问题解决了，质量也提高了。 针 对 训 练 2016高考真题 . 1._(make) it easier to get in touch
17、 with us, you d better keep this card at hand. 2._(order)over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. 3.Newly-_(built) wooden cottages line the street, _(turn)the old town into a dreamland. 4.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,_(make)air conditioning unnecessary. 5
18、. To return to the problem of water pollution, I d like you to look at a study _(conduct) in Australia in 2012. 6. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _(work) with students. 7. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message_(hide) with the world. 8. I was the first TV r
19、eporter _(permit)to film a special unit. 9. You are less likely _(bring) your work home. 10. Skilled workers combine various hardwoods and met_(create)special design. .用所给词的适当形式填空 1 (2015 北京)_ (catch)the early flight， we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. 2(2015 重庆)Like ancient sailors
20、，birds can find their way _ (use)the sun and the stars. 3(2015 重庆)_ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow ，he had a long ，hard road to becoming a football star. 4 (2015 陕西)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress ， Anne Benedict went on _ (thank) all the people who had helped in her ca
21、reer. 5(2015 湖南)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile ，she stood rooted to the ground ，_ (wonder) whether to stay or leave. 6Keep _ (hold)your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. 7One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop ，worried about _ (b
22、e)late for school. 8I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，but he refused _ (stop)until we reached the next stop. 9 It took years of work _ (reduce)the industrial pollution and clean the water. 10I got to the office earlier that day，_ (catch) the 7：30 train from Paddington. .单句改错 1(201
23、5 新课标全国 )After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found his parents were missing. 2(2015 浙江)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. 3(2015 陕西)My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter! 4(2015 四
24、川)Its been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing. 5(2014 辽宁)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside. 6(2014 陕西)He wanted teach me about animals ，insects and trees. 7(2014 陕西)One evening
25、at sunset ，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue. 8 With the help of Katia， a roommate of mine ，Ive soon got used to live without my parents around. 9Classes teaching in English provide students with a better environment. 10Dear passengers ，please remain seating until the bus totally stops. .语篇填空 Buy
26、ing books on the Internet is a great way _1_(save) time and money. Online bookstores offer new books and _2_(use) books that can save you a lot of money. Whats more，they are far better _3_(compare) to traditional bookstores as they offer much broader kinds of books. You can either click the kind of
27、e books online or type the book title and get it in seconds. Another advantage of _4_(shop) online is that you can also read the book reviews as well as readers reviews to get an idea whether the book is worth _5_(buy). Online bookstores offer great discounts ， which is a big attraction for book lov
28、ers. For book lovers， it is most important _6_(get) books in time. Therefore ， you need to find a reliable online bookstore that will be able to provide fast deliveries. Here are some tips to use when _7_(select) an online bookstore. Some online bookstores are popular for fiction books; some are for
29、 non fiction books or novels， etc._8_(understand) their specialization will help you to get the right kinds of books in time. Check whether you will be buying the books from a thirdparty seller or directly from the websites. Never _9_(jump) at stores that offer super cheap prices， as books_10_(sell)
30、 at such low price could be in very bad condition. .语法填空 A Thanksgiving Day story in the newspaper told of a school teacher who asked her class of first graders to draw a picture of something they were thankful for. She thought of how little these children from poor neighborhood_1_(actual) had to be
31、 thankful for. But she knew that most of them would draw pictures of turkeys or tables full_2_food. The teacher was taken back with the picture Douglas handed ina small childish hand! But whose hand? The class was_3_(puzzle) by the abstract drawing. “I think it must be the hand of God_4_brings us fo
32、od ，” said one child. “A farmer，” said another ， “because he_5_(feed) the turkeys.” Finally， when the others were at work ， the teacher_6_(bend) over at Douglas desk and asked whose hand it was. “Its your hand，Teacher ，” he said in a low voice. She remembered that frequently at break she had taken Douglas， a small lonely child， by_7_hand. She often did that with the_8_(child). But it meant so much to Douglas. Perhaps this was everyones Thanks giving ， not for the material things_9_(give) to us but for the chance ，in whatever small way，_10_(give) to others.