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1、精品文档 . 英语七年级下册知识点归纳 Unit 5 Topic1 重点语法一般现在时（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用） 重点句型How do you usually come to school? I usually come to school by subway. How often do you go to the library? Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sedom 重点详解 1I always come to school
2、by bus. by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有a, the, my 等限定词，就不能用 by,而是用 in 或是 on. on the train=by train on his bike=by bike in my car=by car. 巧辩异同on foot 与 walk on foot “ 走路 ” ，是介词短语， 不能作谓语 ，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “ 走路 ” ,是动词， 可以作谓语 。 go to on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to
3、school. go to.by bike = ride a bike to go to. by car = drive a car to go to by plane = fly to go to by bus = take a bus to 2 Come on! It s time for class. come on “ 快点，加油，来吧” 。 It s time for sth. = It s time to do sth. 是该做的时候了 3 look 的短语look the same看起来一样look like 看起来像 look for 寻找look after 照顾 4 do
4、my homework at school 在学校做作业 do one s homework 做家庭作业 （注意 ：one s 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her 等） 。 5 we want to know about the school life of American students. 我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。 know about “了解，知道关于” 。 6 巧辩异同a few 与 fewa few “一些”，few“很少，几乎没有” ，修饰可数名词。 a little 与 littlea little
5、“一些”，little “很少，几乎没有” ，修饰不可数名词。 7 They often play basketball or soccer, go swimming and so on . go swimming 去游泳and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。 拓展 go+v.-ing 表示去做某事 ，类似的有：go fishing 去钓鱼go shopping 去买东西go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰 8 How often do you go to the library?你多久去一次图书馆？ how often“多久一次”，问频率。答语常用频度副词neve
6、r, always, often等或单位时间内的次数once a week 一周 一次 twice a month 每月两次 three times a year每年三次 语法讲解一般现在时 一般现在时表示： （1）现在所处的状态。Jane is at school. 精品文档 . （2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus. （3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football. （4）客观真理。 The earth goes round the sun. 常用的时间状语： often, always, usually, som
7、etimes, every day等等。 行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/don t 和 does/doesn t.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词 用原形。 肯定式： I go to school on foot. 否定式： I don t go to school on foot. 疑问式： Do you go to school on foot? Yes, I do. No, I don t. 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。 肯定式： He goes to work by bus. 否定式： He doesn t go to wo
8、rk by bus. 疑问式： Does he go to work by bus? Yes, he does. No, he doesn t. Topic2 重点语法现在进行时态。 重点句型What are you doing? He is cleaning the dormitory. Are you doing your homework? Yes, I am./No, I am not. How long can I keep them? Two weeks. 重点详解 1 at the moment = now. “此刻，现在” 2 巧辩异同go to sleep 与 go to b
9、ed go to bed“上床”“就寝” I often go to bed at ten. go to sleep“入睡” “睡着” Last night I went to sleep at two o clock. 3 巧辩异同 some, a few 与 a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。 some既可以修饰 可数 名词又可以修饰 不可数 名词。 We want some apples and some water. a few 用在可数 名词复数之前， a little 用在不可数 名词之前。 There are a few books and a little wate
10、r in the classroom. 4 与 how 相关的短语how often 多常how many 多少 how much 多少钱how old 多大 5 And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return 意为“归还，回归” return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人 =give back sth. to sb. return to“回到”，相当于 come back to 6 Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found. talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/wi
11、th sb. “与某人交谈” 巧辩异同 talk, say, speak 与 tell (1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。 (2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。 (3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。 (4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐” “命令”等。 tell a truth 说真话， tell a lie 说谎 , tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。 7I can t find my purse and I am looking for it. look for“寻找”，强调 寻找的过程 ； find“找到”强调 找的结
12、果 。 精品文档 . 8 look(at), see 与 read look(at)指看的动作， see指看的结果， read 常指看书、看报纸等。 9 Here are some photos of his. 这有他的一些照片。 photos of his 是双重所有格。 his 是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。 a classmate of my brother s 我弟弟的一个同学 10 I also want to go there one day. 我也希望有一天到那儿。 also意为“也”，常用于 be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。 巧辩异同also 与 tooals
13、o 放在句中，too 用于句末。 语法讲解现在进行时 1.现在进行时表示：现在正在进行或发生的动作。 2.常用的时间状语：now, at the moment, look, listen 等。 3.谓语动词构成： be(am/is/are)+v.-ing 形式。 4.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。 （1）肯定式： I am running. You are running. He/She is running. （2）否定式： I m not running. You aren t running. He/She isn t running. （3）一般疑问句及回答：Are you run
14、ning? Yes, I am./No, I am not. Is he/she running? Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isn t. Topic3 重点语法一般现在时和现在进行时的使用和异同。 重点句型What day is ti today? It s Wednesday. Why do you like it? it s easy and interesting. What class are they having? They are having a music class. 重点详解 1 询问星期几用What day？回答： It s Wednes
15、day/Sunday 。 与特殊疑问句词what 有关的短语： what class什么班what color 什么颜色what time 几点 what date几号（日期） 2 How many lessons does he have every weekday? How many+可数名词的复数形式；How much+不可数名词。 3 在星期几前用介词on,在具体点钟前用at. 4 learning about the past了解过去learn about了解 拓展learn from 向学习learn by oneself 自学 5 What do you think of ? =
16、 How do you like ?你认为怎么样？ 6 Why? Because it s interesting. 用 why 提问必须用because回答。 7 Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目？ like best 最喜欢，可用favorite“特别喜爱的”转换。 8 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 9 I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。 (1) learnfrom“从学习”。 (2) a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“非常，十分” 。 精品
17、文档 . Unit6 Topic1 重点语法There be 句型和方位介词短语。 重点句型There are two bedrooms and a a small study. There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so on. Is there a computer in your study? Yes, there is. Dont put them here. Put them away. 重点讲解 1 It s on the second floor. 在哪一层楼，用介词on。on 表示在上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词th
18、e, 意为第二（的）。 巧辩异同 two 与 second two 是基数词， second是序数词，“第二”或“第二的” ，指排列顺序。 2 in 在里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroom Is there? 表示某地存在吗？其肯定回答是：Yes, there is. 否定回答 No, there isn t 它的复数形式为Are there? 其肯定回答是： Yes, there are. 否定回答No, there aren t. 3 巧辩异同 there be 与 have (1) there be“有” ，指（某地）存在“有” 。 (2) have“
19、有”，指人或某物“拥有” 。The is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes. 注：there be 遵循就近原则。 be 用 is 还是 are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词 就用 is，如果是复数就用are。 4 have a look 看看。后面接名词时要用at. 如 have a look at your watch. 5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。 talk with/to “与某人交谈” 6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：What s+介词短语，回答时应用there
20、be句型。 7 play with “和玩耍”， “玩”play with sb.“与某人一起玩” 8 put away 把放好 9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于 take care of. look at 看look like 看起来像look for 寻找look the same 看起来一样 10 巧辩异同 in the tree 与 on the tree (1) in the tree 指外来物体在树上。 (2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。 11 巧辩异同 like doing 与 like to do like doing 表示经经常性或习惯性
21、的兴趣、爱好。与love doing 相似。 like to do 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do 相似。 12 I m very glad to get a letter from you.我很高兴收到你的来信。 get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信 hear from sb. Topic2 重点语法There be 句型Wh-questions 重点句型What s your home like? What s the matter? Sorry, I can t hear you. I ll get someone to check it righ
22、t now. 精品文档 . There is something wrong with my kitchen fan. 重点讲解 1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。with “ 有，带有 ” 。 With 还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起” 2 apartment for a family of two. 适合两口之家的公寓。 (1) for 表示“给”表示目的或功能。后接物主代词或名词，但通常带 s.或者后接表示无生命物体的名词。 Here is a letter for you. (2)of 的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a frie
23、nd of Lily s. = Shes is Lily s friend. 3 What s the matter?怎么了？该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体某人或某物出了什么 问题时，还可以表达为：What s the matter with sb./sth.某人或某物出了什么毛病。What s the matter? = What s wrong? 4 I hear you playing the piano.我听见你在弹钢琴。 heardoing sth.“听见在做某事” ，强调正在进行的动作。 heardo sth.“听见做了某事” ，强调全过程。 hear ab
24、out sth. 听到关于某事物的消息 hear from sb.接到某人的来信、电话等 hear of sb./sth.听到或知道某人或某事物的情况 5 a lot of = lots of许多 后接可数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于much,用于肯定句中；但是注意： 如果是否定句，刚常用many或 much. 6 be far from 离远（抽象距离）beaway from离远（具体距离） My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel. 7 There is s
25、omething wrong with sb./sth.某人或某物出问题 /有毛病了。 8 I ll get someone to check it right now.我马上派人去检查。 get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事someone=somebody某人 right now= at once= right away 马上，立刻 语法讲解There be（表示“有”）用法 1.“ There + be+主语+地点状语 ” 表示“某处有某物”；地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“， ”与后面的部分隔开。 There are some pictures on the wall.=O
26、n the wall, there are some pictures. 2.它的疑问形式是将“be”提到“ there”之前。Are thery any books on the desk? 3. 它的否定形式是在 “ be” 后加“ not”. 4. There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。 Topic3 重点语法特殊疑问句和问路、指路的方式。 重点句型Excuse me, how can I get to Go along and turn left at the first street. Be careful! Dont play on th
27、e street. 重点讲解 1 go up “沿着走”与它相近的词有go along/down 2 get to 到达，后接地点名词get to =reach=arrive in/at 与 get 有关的短语：get in 收获get on 上车get off 下车 精品文档 . get out 出去get out of 从出来get up 起床 3 across from 在对面 4 It s good to help children and old people to cross the road. 帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。 It s good to do sth.做
28、某事是助人为乐的行为。 5 on the corner of = at the corner of “在拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面 的拐角处。 in the corner of 表示在某一 建筑物内 的拐角处。 6 有关 come的短语 come to 来到come form 来自于come on 加油，赶快come in 进来 come out 出来come down 下来come back回来 Unit7 Topic1 重点语法掌握 be 动词的一般过去式。 重点句型Were you born in Hebei? Yes, I was./ No, I wasn t. When w
29、as your daughter born? She was born on October 22 nd, 1996. Whats the shape of your present? What does it look like? How long/wide is it? What do we use it for? We use it to study English. 重点讲解 1 英语中日期可以有两种表达法： (1)月日，年。 May 1st,2008 (2)日月，年。 1st May,2008 2 plan to do sth.计划做某事plan for sth.某事订计划 3 基数
30、词变序数词的规律： 基变序，有规律，五、十二ve 用 f 替再加 th 一二三，特殊记，整几十改y 为 ie 再加 th 八去 t 九去 e 再加 th，几十几只改个位就可以。 4 表示确切“几百”时，hundred 后面不加“ s” ，但表示不确定数目的“数以百计”时，hundred 后面应加“ s” ， 用“hundreds of”表示。 three hundred students三百名学生hundreds of students几百名学生 5 英语中表达物体的长、宽、高，先说数字， 再说单位， 最后加上一个表示长、 宽、高的形容词。“ ”读做“point” 。 6.4 米长six po
31、int four meters long 6 What do we use it for?我们用它来做什么? use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事 . = use sth. for doing sth. 语法讲解be动词的一般过去时 1. be 动词的一般过去时，表示过去存在的状态。My brother was at school yesterday. 2. be 动词的过去式为was/were,其否定式为 was not/wasn t 和 were not/weren t. 3. 一般疑问句以及简略回答：Were you born in July,1999? Yes, I wa
32、s./No,I wasn t. Topic2 重点语法掌握情态动词can/can t,could/couldn t 的用法。 重点句型Can/Could you dance? Yes, I can/could. No, I can t/couldn t. What can you do? I can speak English. He can t sing English songs. 精品文档 . 重点讲解 1 Do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs? Chinese songs. 选择疑问句中，回答时只能选择一者作答，不能用“Y
33、es”或“ No”回答。 2 I d like to take these flowers to the party. take sb./sth. to sw.带某人 /某物去某地 巧辩异同take 与 bring take （从说话人处带到别处）带去，带走 bring （由别处带到说话人处）带来 3 一段时间 +ago 是表示过去的时间状语。two years ago at the age of 在岁的时候 4 be good at doing sth. = do well in doing sth.擅长做某事，在方面做得好。 5 with one s help = with the hel
34、p of 在的帮助下 6 can 和 could 的使用 (1) can(could)“可以，同意，准许”表示请求，允许。could 语气较 can 委婉。 (2) can“会，能”，表示能力， could 表示过去的能力。 Topic3 重点语法行为动词的一般过去时及其回答。 重点句型Did you sing a song at the party? Yes, I did/No, I didn t. I missed the chair and fell down. How could you lie to me? Kangkang made a silent wish and them h
35、e blew the candles out in one breath. 重点讲解 1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself? 康康玩得开心吗？ Enjoy 是及物动词，后接名词，代词或是动名词，意为“喜爱，欣赏，享受的乐趣。” enjoy oneself = have a good/great time玩得愉快enjoy doning sth. 喜欢做某事 巧辩异同 like, love 与 enj oy (1)like 喜欢（程度较弱）like doing/to do (2) love 热爱（程度较强） love doing/to do (3)enjoy 喜爱，欣赏，享受
36、的乐趣enjoy doing 2 It s your turn.该你了。 turn 是名词，意思是“轮流” ，It s one s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。还可以做连系动词，意为“变成”， 后接形容词做表语。 3 反身代词 oneself 变化如下：第一二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves) Imyself youyourself(yourselves) 第三人称用人称代词宾格+self(selves) he himself theythemselves 4 What happened to Michael at the party?聚会上迈克发生什么事情了？
37、 happen to sb. 某人发生某事， to 是介词happen to do 碰巧干某事， to 是不定式符号 语法讲解一般过去式 一、一般过去式表示： （1）过去存在的状态。My father wat at work yesterday afternoon. (2) 过去某个时间发生的动作。 I got up at 6:30 yesterday. (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year. 常用的时间状 语：two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, ju
38、st now, in 2002等。 精品文档 . 二、动词过去式的构成： 1. 规则动词在动词后面直接加“ed” 。play-played 动词以“ e”结尾加“ d” 。move-moved 动词以辅音字母加y 结尾改 y 为 i 加 ed. study-studied 动词为重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母加ed. plan-planned stop-stopped 2. 不规则动词am/is-was are-were do-did (详情见书后不规则动词表) 三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句： 肯定句： I bought some books yesterday. 否定句
39、：I didn t buy any books yesterday. 一般疑问句： Did you buy any books yesterday? Unit 8 The Seasons and the Weather Topic 1 How is the weather in fall ？ 学习目标： 1.掌握并且熟练运用问天气的句型 2.掌握修饰天气的单词 重点单词 . Weather warm hot cold cloudy rainy snowy windy sunny rain snow wind spring summer busy 重点词组 1. take a walk 2.ha
40、d better 3.go out 4.later on e back to life 6. be busy doing 7.in spring 8.go swimming 9.make a snowman 10. summer holiday 11. plan to do 12.go for a walk 13. be different from 14.last from.to . 15.last for 16.get warm 17.weather report 18.learn to do sth 19all day 重点句型 1.What is the weather like ?
41、2.How is the weather? 3.Which season do you like best, spring, summer , fall or winter? 4.What is the temperature? 要点讲解 询问天气的句型： 1.What is the weather like? =How is the weather? 询问对某事的看法的句型 1.What do you think of? =How do you like? 询问温度是多少的句子 .What is the temperature? Remember的用法 1.remember to do st
42、h. 忘记要做某事（事还未做） 2.remember doing sth. 忘记做过某事（事已做过） 区别 put on 与 wear Put on 强调穿的动作wear强调穿的状态 精品文档 . 修饰雨雪的词汇多用heavily 修饰风多用 strongly 的形式 如：下大雨 rain heavily a heavy rain 刮大风 blow strongly a strong wind e.g. It rained heavily last night . 昨晚下了一场大雨 There was a heavy rain last night . 今天阳光明媚 e.g. The sun
43、is shining brightly./ It is a sunny day today. Topic2 The summer holidays are coming 任务型学习目标 1、能够掌握有关国家和地区的名词； 2、了解并掌握不同国家和地区的风俗习惯； 3、在美语中能够熟练运用一般过去时. 一、重点词语： *兼类词 travel v.n. hope n. v. each pron. adj. off adv. Prep. Point n. v. 二、重点词组： 1、during the summer holidays 2、come back to life 3、go back to
44、Cuba 4、some places of interest 5、go for a holiday(go on holiday) 6、take photos of- (给-拍照) 7、a pair of sunglasses 8、point toat 9、wrap gift money in red paper (用红纸包礼钱 ) 10、enter someones home 11、customs in different countries 12、go out with ones wet hair 13、be different from (注：相比较的事物必须性质相同) 14、give m
45、y best wishes to sb. 15、give my love to sb. (代我向某人问好 ) 16、travel around 17、want (plan., wish , hope , would like)to do sth. 三、重点句型： 1、Whats th e best time to go there? I think you can go anytime. 2、You should visit Dali and Lijiang. And you shouldnt visit Xishuangbanna. 3、Did you visit any places of
46、 interest? -and it is very different from ours. 4、How was you trip? It was wonderful. 5、How did you travel there? By train. 6、How long were you there? Only five days. 四、重点解析 ; 6、trip / travel 两者均表示旅游，其主要区别为： (1)trip 指短距离旅行如：The round trip was ten dollars. (2)travel 指长途旅行，尤其指到国外旅行 Do you want to trav
47、el around the world? 7、watch sb. do sth. / watch sb. doing sth. watch sb. doing sth. 注视某人正在做某事，强调动作一部分过程 精品文档 . I watched the bird flying in the sky. watch sb. do sth. 注视某人做某事，强调看到的动作的全过程 Did you watch an old man fall down the ground. 如果动作是短暂性的常用watch/see/notice/hear/feel do sth. 如果动作是延续性的常用watch/se
48、e/notice/hear/feel doing sth. 五、语法：一般过去时 1、概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，讲述过去的事实 2、基本用法： (1)表过去的动作或存在的状态 She went to Shanghai by plane yesterday. I was late for class last night. (2)表过去连续发生的行为：She got up early in the morning, had breakfast and then went to school. (3)When I was at school, I always went to school by bus. 3、其他用法 (1)在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般过去时表过去将来时 He said that he would tell us if he heard the news. (2)used to + 动词原型表过去经常，现在不了 He used to smoke. (3)would 表过去“经常” The man would go there on foot. used to 与 would do 均表示过去经常，但有区别 used to do 既可表示动作