高一英语语法填空专项训练100(附答案)及解析.pdf

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1、高一英语语法填空专项训练100(附答案 ) 及解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months _(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she _(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity,

2、 _(explain)that she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. “This woman felt every bit her age.“ she recalled. “I dont let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I _ (make)over the years. Im only as old as I feel.“ Each of us has _actual age, the number

3、 we celebrate on birthdays. But some 50-, 60- and 70-year-olds look and feel _(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some _(connect)among them. People _a healthy lifestyle and a fortu

4、nate genetic inheritance( 继承 )tend _(score) “younger“ on these assessments. When scientists ask, “How old do you feel, most of the time?“ the answer can reflect the state of peoples physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, _is called “subjective age“. 【 答 案 】earlier ； noticed ； ex

5、plaining ； have made ； an ； youthful/young； connection/connections ；with ；to score；which 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有的人看起来比实际年龄小，是因为健康的生活方 式，好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻，研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。 （1）考查形容词。根据后文的had finished 过去完成时，可判断事情发生在过去之前，a few months earlier“几个月之前 ” ，可以和过去完成时连用，故填earlier。 （ 2 ） 考 查 时 态 。 根 系 句 子 可 知 此 处 是

6、 从 句 谓 语 动 词 ， 此 处 考 查 固 定 句 型had done when( 从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就 ，故填 noticed 。 （3）考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the woman 和 explain（解释）之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填explaining。 （4）考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词，根据下文的over the years(在过 去几年里 )判断该句为现在完成时，主语为I，故填 have made。 （5）考查冠词。age 的 可数名词，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，又actual 是元音音素开 头，故填an

7、。 （ 6）考查形容词。此处应填形容词作为feel的表语，youth的形容词是young和 youthful ，故填 young/youthful 。 （7）考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding 的宾语， connect 的名词形式connection 为可 数名词， some 可以理解为 “ 一些 /某个 ” ，故此处可以用名词单数形式，也可用复数形式， 故填 connection/connections 。 （8）考查介词。句意：拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得 高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词，再结合句意表示“ 有” 的介词是with ，故填 with 。 （9

8、）考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth 固定短语， “ 倾向于做某事 ” ，故填 to score。 （10）考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词one 在 从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which 引导，故填which。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，介词，名词，定语从句以及多 个知识点的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上 下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。 2阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Green is not

9、always referring to the color. In some cases, it is the term used for being_(environment) friendly. If youve been looking to replace your furniture, consider_(go) green because green furniture_(offer) many benefits. Here are a few tips to get you started on your hunt for the perfect eco-friendly fur

10、niture. . First, green furniture isnt harmful to your health. Also its manufacturing process doesnt cause damage_the environment in any way. Besides, by using eco-friendly_(product), you prevent global warming to some degree in your own way. The materials_are used in furniture are what make them gre

11、en. Materials can be good for the environment_because they are renewable resources or because they are all_(nature). A lack of chemicals in furniture also means it is a better_(choose) for the environment. It may be hard to imagine that a sofa or a table could actually be_green product, but they rea

12、lly can be depending on what theyre made of. Therefore, when you want to hunt for the perfect green furniture, you should choose the green materials. 【答案】environmentally ； going； offers ； to； products ； that/which ； either ； natural ； choice；a 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，我们在替换家俱时，要选择对生态环境友好的家 俱，因为制作这些家俱的材料要么是

13、可更新的要么是自然的，这样，你就保护了环境。 （1）考查副词。副词其后为形容词friendly ，可考虑用副词修饰形容词，即环境友好型， 故填 environmentally 。 （2）考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth 固定短语， “ 考虑做某事 ” ，故填 going。 （3）考查时态。根据主语green furniture 绿色家具带来许多益处。可知应用第三人称单数 形式，故填offers。 （4）考查介词。句意：大量制造的过程也不会造成环境破坏。damage to 固定短语， “ 毁 坏“。故填 to。 （5）考查名词。 by using eco-friendly 通

14、过使用环保型的产品，可知应该用复数形式，故填 products。（ 6）考查定语从句。此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是the materials ，在 从句中作主语，填that/which 。 （7）考查连词。句意：原料对于环境也有益处，或者是因为它们是可再生资源，或者因 为它们都是天然的。either or. 固定短语， ” 或者 .或者 “，故填 either 。 （8）考查形容词。句意：原料对于环境也有益处，或者是因为它们是可再生资源，或者 因为它们都是天然的。此处形容词作表语，故填natural。 （ 9）考查名词。对于环境来说这是一个好的选择。不定冠词后接单数名词，故填 choic

15、e。 （10）考查冠词。根据下文” green product“，可知产品为单数，用不定冠词，填a。 【点评】本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，时态，介词，名词，定语从句，连词，形容词 以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上， 进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单 词形式。 3阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。 When it comes to climate change, language does count. In March, the Guardian changed

16、_(it) wording using “global heating“ instead of “global warming“ , after scientists found that Earths temperature is set _(rise) from between 2.5C and 4.5C. And on May 1, the UK parliament declared a “climate emergency“, _(become)the first parliament to do so. If with “global warming“, were still in

17、side our comfort zone of handling the situation, entering the state of “global heating“ is like heading to a point _ the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. Everything will be changing: Coral will die, polar bears will lose their habitats completely, and ex

18、treme_ (weather) like droughts and heavy storms will happen at a higher_ (frequent). There is no denying that were entering a climate emergency. Decades ago when the science on the climate issue was first increasing, the impacts could be seen as an issue for future generations,“ but now its _(defini

19、te) our issue, _shift we all are living together. However, getting these messages _ is far from enough. It depends on each to find a solution if there are any solutions left to find. The UKs Labor leader Jeremy urged that “we _(take) rapid and dramatic action now“. Indeed, language matters. But acti

20、on matters even more. 【答案】its；to rise；becoming；where；weathers/weather ； frequency；definitely ；the； through/across ；(should)take 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，谈到气候变化，语言的确很重要。今年3 月，在科 学家发现地球温度将从2.5 度上升到4.5 度之后，卫报改变了它的措辞使用 “全球 变热 “而不是 “全球变暖 “。 （1）考查代词。句意：今年3 月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5 度上升到4.5 度之后， 卫报改变了它的措辞使用 “全球变热 “而不是 “全

21、球变暖 “。文中表示 “它的措辞 “，所 以填 its。 （2）考查非谓语动词。句意：今年3 月，在科学家发现地球温度将从2.5 度上升到4.5 度 之后，卫报改变了它的措辞使用 “全球变热 “而不是 “全球变暖 “。set to do 固定短 语， “ 开始做 ” ，故填 to rise。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意：5 月 1 日，英国议会宣布进入“气候紧急状态“，成为第一个 这样做的议会。become 的逻辑主语是the UK parliament ，它们之间是主动关系，用现在分 词作状语，所以填becoming。 （4）考查定语从句。句意：如果在“全球变暖 “的情况下，我们仍然在自己的

22、舒适区处理这 种情况，进入“全球变热 “的状态，就像走向一个点，大自然的微妙平衡被扰乱得如此之 多，没有回头路。4 the delicate balance of nature is disturbed so much that there is no turning back. 是一个定语从句，先行词是a point，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系 副词 where。 （5）考查名词。句意：珊瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨 等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。该空作句子主语用名词，单数或复数均可，所以填 weathers/weather 。 （6）考查名词。句意：珊

23、瑚将会死亡，北极熊将完全失去它们的栖息地，干旱和暴风雨 等极端天气将会以更高的频率发生。介词之后，用名词，所以填frequency。 （7）考查副词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被 视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。修饰整 个句子，用副词，所以填definitely 。 （8）考查冠词。句意：几十年前，当气候问题的科学研究刚刚起步时，其影响可能会被 视为未来几代人的问题，但现在这绝对是我们的问题，我们都生活在一起的转变。特指“这 个转变 “，用定冠词，所以填the。 （9）考查介词。句意：然而，仅仅理解这些信息是远远不够的。

24、get through /across 固定 短语， “ 理解 ” ，故填 through/across 。 （10）考查虚拟语气。that we 10 ( take) rapid and dramatic action now.是一个宾语从句， urge 之后的宾语从句，宾语从句中用should + 动词原形， should 可以被省略的虚拟语气， 所以填 (should)take。 【点评】本题考点涉及代词，非谓语动词，定语从句，名词，副词，冠词，介词以及虚拟 语气等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一 步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分

25、析推理，从而写出正确的单词形 式。 4阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The more advanced technology becomes, the more it seems to have control over our lives. We shop, work, play, search for information and seek _ (chat) with each other online. Yet people are not arguing about this astonishing condition. It _ (believ

26、e) that people have readily embraced technology, seeking only the benefits but _ (ignore) its drawbacks. It does not matter whether your home is in a _ (noise) downtown or in the remote countryside. If you have a screen _ it can pick up a signal, your mind is still in the same placeless place. This

27、place is the zone _ your mind will go when you stare at a screen, and it feels like your mind stops thinking. Recent developments in technology also led to a decline in normal social behaviors. In past ages, you could walk around town for a whole day without seeing all the people you know. Now, ever

28、yone you know is _ arms reach, taking that certain psychological feeling out of seeing people. You can see them every second of every day, and hear nearly every single thought of theirs just as they hear _ (you). In _ (conclude), modern technology can be a double-edged sword. They do have their adva

29、ntages, but they can change our lives _ (complete). 【答案】to chat；is believed；ignoring；noisy；and；where；within ；yours； conclusion； completely 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了现代技术是一把双刃剑。它们确实有自己的 优势，但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。 （1）考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在网上购物、工作、娱乐、搜索信息和聊天。语seek to do sth. 固定短语， “ 试图做，设法做某事” ，故填 to chat 。 （2）考查时态语态。句意：人们

30、相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它的 好处而忽 略了它的缺点。It is believed that固定句式， “ 人们相信 ”，故填 is believed。 （3）考查非谓语动词。句意：人们相信，人们已经欣然接受了技术，只追求它的 好处而 忽略了它的缺点。本空与上文”seeking only the benefits “构成并列非谓语结构，故填 ignoring。 （4）考查形容词。句意：不管你的家是在闹市还是在偏远的农村。downtown为名词需要 形容词修饰，故填noisy。 （5）考查连词。句意：如果你有一个屏幕，它可以接收到一个信号，你的思想仍然在同 一个地方。结合上下文语境可

31、知为承接关系，故填and。 （6）考查定语从句。句意：当你盯着屏幕的时候，你的大脑会进入这个区域，你会觉得 大脑停止思考了。本句为定语从句修饰先行词place，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填 where。 （7）考查介词。句意：现在，你认识的每个人都在你的触手可及的范围内，把那种特定 的心理感受带离与人交往。within arms reach 固定短语，“ 伸手可及的范围内” ，故填 within 。 （8）考查代词。句意：你每时每刻都能看到他们，几乎能听到他们的每一个想法，就像 他们听到你的一样。此处做hear 的宾语需要用名词性物主代词，故填yours。 （9）考查名词。句意：总之，现代

32、技术是一把双刃剑。in conclusion 固定短语， “ 总之 ” ， 故填 conclusion。 （10）考查副词。句意：它们确实有自己的优势，但它们可以彻底改变我们的生活。修饰 动词 change 应用副词形式，故填completely 。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态语态，连词，定语从句，介词，代词，名词以及 副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一 步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形 式。 5阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Peoples

33、 Republic of China marked its 70th anniversary on Tuesday with a series of National Day celebrations at the heart of the countrys capital. The massive events in Tiananmen Square, such as _unique military parade, massive Pageantry(盛典 ), _ (design)to be environmentally _(friend). The 70-gun salute tha

34、t kicked off the days events _(include) pollution control technology. According to the Global Times. The result was _nearly zero emissions were created by the firing of the 56 cannon shells. The parade concluded _ the release of 70, 000 “peace doves“. They were contributed by local pigeon lovers, _t

35、rained and volunteered their birds for event. _ (answer) a call from the Beijing Carer Pigeon Association. These borrowed birds were trained _ (make) their way home after their release in the center of the city. Some pigeon _ (own) shared photos online of their returning birds. 70,000 colorful ballo

36、ons were also released. The balloons were made of an eco-friendly and biodegradable plastic. 【答案】a；were designed；friendly ；included ；that；with ；who；answering； to make； owners 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中华人民共和国庆祝70 周年所举行的一些活 动。 （1）考查冠词。句意：天安门广场上的一些重大活动，例如一次独特的大规模阅兵式， 被设计的是环境友好型的。根据parade 可知，空格处单词修饰单数名词，而且p

37、arade 前 没有物主代词等限定词，所以应填冠词。这个名词在文中第一次出现，所以使用不定冠 词，空格后 “unique”是以辅音音素开始的，故填a。 （2）考查时态语态。句意：天安门广场上的一些重大活动，例如一次独特的大规模阅兵 式，被设计的是环境友好型的。这句话的主语是The massive events，句中缺少谓语，且主 语与design 之间是被动关系，所以使用被动语态。再根据上文“The Peoples Republic of China marked its 70th anniversary”中的 marked 可知，对这件事情的论述使用的是一般过去 时。主语又是复数形式。故填w

38、ere designed。 （ 3）考查形容词。句意：天安门广场上的一些重大活动，例如一次独特的大规模阅兵 式，被设计的是环境友好型的。be 动词后用形容词作表语，故填friendly 。 （4）考查时态。句意：活动开始时的70 支枪致敬仪式，包括了污染控制技术。句子缺少 谓语动词，且根据前文可知，对这个事件的论述使用的是一般过去时。The 70-gun salute 与 include 之间是主动关系，故填included。 （5）考查表语从句。句意：结果是，发射56 枚加农炮弹几乎产生了零排放。“ was”后引 导的是一个完整的句子，所以这是一个表语从句，关系词使用that。故填 that

39、。 （6）考查介词。句意：游行结束时释放了70,000 只“ 和平鸽 ” 。conclude with 固定短语， “ 以 结束 ” ，故填 with 。 （7）考查定语从句。句意：他们是由当地赛鸽爱好者贡献的，他们训练并自愿为赛鸽做 准备，并响应了北京赛鸽协会的邀请。这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为local pigeon lovers，指人，并且先行词在从句中做主语，所以关系词使用who。故填 who。 （8）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是由当地赛鸽爱好者贡献的，他们训练并自愿为赛鸽 做准备，并响应了北京赛鸽协会的邀请。这句话从句部分的谓语动词是trained and volunteere

40、d ，所以这个空格处填非谓语动词。从句主语local pigeon lovers 与 answer 之间是 主动关系，所以使用现在分词作状语。故填answering。 （ 9）考查非谓语动词。句意：这些借来的鸟儿受过训练，在城市中心被释放后可以回 家。鸟儿被训练的内容是“ 在城市中心被释放后可以回家” ，所以使用不定式作主语补足 语，构成句型 “be trained to do sth.”, 故填 to make。 （ 10）考查名词。句意：一些鸽子的主人在网上分享了归巢鸟类的照片。空格后是动词 shared，所以空格处单词做主语，应使用名词形式；再由其前的修饰语some 可知，这里应 使用可

41、数名词的复数形式。故填owners。 【点评】本题考点涉及冠词，时态语态，形容词，表语从句，非谓语动词，名词等多个知 识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合 相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。 6After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the pro

42、per form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. We want our children to succeed in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论 ) is that our children can only truly succeed _ they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that

43、world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most? The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice. _ (stretch) their limitations, they keep trying their

44、best. They fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, _ (remain) within their comfort zone. This is why they dont fall over. In a superficial sense, they look s

45、uccessful, because they are always on their feet. Never _ (fail) in practice prevents them from making progress. _ is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 prototypes (原型 ) for his newest vacuum before coming up with the design _ made his fortune. These failures were

46、 essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put _: “You cant develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.“ In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians dont like to admit to failure, partly because they have

47、strongegos ( 自我 ) particularly the senior doctorsand partly because they fear litigation ( 诉讼 ). The consequence is that _ learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes _ (repeat). According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 peopl

48、e die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. _ healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. 【答案】 if / when ；To stretch；remaining ；failing；What；which / that ；it；instead of；are repeated； Until / Unless 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，只有先学会如何失败，才能真正成功，作者用 这个道理告诉美国的医疗保健部门只有学会积极面对失败，医疗事故的情况才会好转。 （1）考查状语从句。句意：但矛盾的是，我们的孩子只有先学会如何失败，才能真正成 功。根据句意可知此处既可以用if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果 “ ，也可用